编制国省道改建项目可研报告的几点心得体会

通过对近年来山东省国省道改建可研报告编制工作中常见问题及设计对策的总结,用工作实例提出了解决问题的思路和方法。     

Estimating travel time functions for urban roads: options and issues

Travel time functions specify the relationship between the travel time on a road and the volume of traffic on the road. Until recently, the parameters of travel time functions were rarely estimated in practice; however, a compelling case can be made for the empirical examination of these functions. This paper reviews, and qualitatively evaluates, a range of options for developing a set of travel time functions. A hierarchy of travel time functions is defined based on four levels of network detail: area, corridor, route and link. This hierarchy is illustrated by considering the development of travel time functions for Adelaide. Alternative sources of data for estimating travel time functions are identified.

In general, the costs and benefits increase as the travel time functions are estimated at finer levels of network detail. The costs of developing travel time functions include data acquisition costs and analysis costs. The benefits include the potential for reducing prediction errors, the degree of application flexibility and the policy sensitivity of the travel time functions.     

Public transit subsidies, output effect and total factor productivity

This paper extends previous works on total factor productivity decomposition when firms receive both operating and capital subsidies. It shows that previous works considered either the lump-sum or substitution effects of these subsidies but not together. Using constrained cost minimization as the framework it offers formal proofs to show that cost increases are inevitable if the total effects of the subsidies are considered, and that total factor productivity growth results from increasing amounts of subsidies under economies of scale and in the absence of technical change. Applications of the decomposition equations derived to a sample of transit systems finds near constant returns to scale and negative contributions of these subsidies to total factor productivity growth. Technical change reverses this decline and results in total factor productivity growth. Further, it finds that the lump-sum effects of the subsidies reduce total factor productivity more than does the substitution effect.     

Book review

Onshore Planning for Offshore Oil—Lessons from Scotland by Pamela L. Baldwin and Malcolm F. Baldwin The Conservation Foundation, Washington, D.C., 1975     

论国民待遇之内涵与外延

本文着重阐述了国民待遇的内涵与外延，并对我国对外资是否应实行国民待遇及如何实行国民待遇作了理论与实践上的分析。     

二层线性规划的模糊数学解法(Ⅱ)

针对上层有约束条件、下层有Ｎ个独立的决策单元的二层线性规划问题，提出了一种模糊数学解法。首先，把这种规划分解为若干单层规划；然后引入隶属函数，用３个定理对各单层规划的解进行讨论，最终把这种二层线性规划转化为求解一个单层线必规划问题。使问题得到了简化。     

对船舶污染损害侵权责任及索赔主体问题的探讨

船舶污染事故是造成海洋环境污染损害的主要原因之一,建立完善的船舶污染损害索赔机制,保证受损方获得及时的赔偿,是恢复海洋环境、维护受害者利益所必须的。文中从民法的基本原理出发,对国家海域所有权、海域使用权等进行了论述,并按照民事侵权责任的承担原则,对索赔权利主体的确定等问题进行了探讨。     

企业生产经营计划管理软件的开发与应用

从造船计划管理概念出发，分析了目前在国内外造船计划管理的现状，并着重就企业生产经营计划管理系统功能、软件系统实现的基础以及系统的特色进行了阐述。     

生产函数法分析公路建设对国民经济的拉动作用

在定量评价公路建设对国民经济拉动作用过程中,得到的公路建设和其他行业单位投资拉动GDP值的数据,可以为公路建设投资提供重要的决策依据。为此,采用C—D生产函数模型定量计算了全国、辽宁省、江苏省和黑龙江省公路建设投资对国民经济的拉动作用,以翔实的资料和统计数据系统地分析了公路建设投资与国民经济发展之间存在的定量关系。研究结果表明：全国和三省公路建设投资对国民经济的拉动作用要大于其他行业对国民经济的平均拉动作用;欠发达省市公路建设投资对国民经济的拉动作用远大于发达地区。     

基于MCE的编队协同防空武器通道优选研究

针对MCE条件下水面舰艇编队协同防空作战中武器通道优选问题,从信息共享条件下的未来防空需求出发,通过分析武器通道的选择原则,引入理论易懂、计算简单的RSR法来判断通道性能的优劣,为编队协同防空武器通道优选提供了新的解决方法。