Capacity Development for Integrated Coastal Zone Management in Egypt

Since 1990 there has been a considerable increase in the number of developing countries undertaking Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) schemes at both the local and national levels. Unfortunately many of these ICZM schemes have failed to be implementated due to difficulties such as information and communication gaps and restricted technical and financial capacity. Common problems experienced across all developing countries. As a case in point, it is argued that developing countries suffer from capabilities at the local institutional level. Similarly, it is advocated that Mediterranean developing countries have not fully implemented ICZM as a result of lack of stakeholder capacity. Egypt provides a case study of this argument. Since the mid-1990s several attempts have been made to promote ICZM in Egypt, however none have achieved their goal of having an ICZM plan become operational. This paper reviews ICZM processes in Egypt focussing on the capacity of all instituions and key stakeholders to plan and implement ICZM based on interviews with key ICZM key stakeholders as well as documentary analysis and participant observation in ICZM meetings. It seeks through a critical evaluation to provide practical recommendations that serve to enhance the implementation of ICZM in Egypt and other developing countries.     

冰区航行船舶推进系统设计的若干考虑

冰区航行船舶由于其特殊的工作环境与气候条件,其设计要求与传统的推进系统有着很大的不同。针对冰区航行条件下船舶推进系统所需要面临的问题,及这些问题所导致的冰区推进系统的特殊性进行了整理和分析,指出了推进系统设计过程中为应对冰区航行条件下的海冰、低温以及空泡噪声等问题所应采取的改进措施,为冰区航行船舶推进系统的设计提供了参考。     

关于船舶UPS的容量估算

伴随着不间断电源(UPS)技术在船舶以及海洋工程项目中的使用日益广泛,人们对不间断电源技术的了解也日益增加。该文通过实船案例结合理论知识详细介绍UPS的工作方式以及UPS的容量确定、蓄电池容量确认等内容。     

大极差情况下载荷试验承载力取值计算

对于载荷试验的大极差,各种规范没有给出统一的规定,试验数据的处理比较随便,造成不经济或不安全。当极差大于30%平均值或最大值与最小值之比大于1.3时,承载力取值可采用离群值剔除法、变异系数折减法确定。案例计算分析表明,给出的计算公式合理、计算简单方便,可用于各种载荷试验确定承载力。     

不同土质下预制方桩沉桩承载力特性分析

对沿海地区某码头预制方桩沉桩过程进行监控。结果表明,打桩时由于桩周土扰动剧烈,桩的贯入阻力大幅减小,粉质土贯入阻力降低比例高于粉砂。复打测试表明:粉质土的恢复系数较粉砂高;桩侧摩阻力与土层性质密切相关。在沉桩时可根据土层情况选用合适的打桩锤击力,以减小或避免对桩的不利影响。     

考虑应变强化效应海底管道极限承载力研究

文章基于线性强化材料模型,推导了轴向拉力作用下海底管道极限弯矩承载力解析解,给出了海底管道在轴向拉力与弯矩载荷同时作用下的极限承载力的近似解,编制了海底管道极限承载力计算程序BCP。通过与实验结果的比对,验证了解析方法的正确性。结论表明考虑应变强化效应的海底管道极限承载力结算结果更为合理,该文可为海底管道的结构强度设计和安全性评价提供一定的参考依据。     

A practical capacity model of a single track line

The paper presents a model for determining the practical capacity of a single track line, i.e. the maximum number of trains which can be run along it in a time unit under the condition that each train enters its bottleneck segment with a definite delay.

The input data used in the model are: geometrical characteristics of the bottleneck segment of the line under study, the intensity and structure of demand expressed by a number of trains which are run over the line in a given time unit, the scenario of traffic running over the line under study and the operational tactics of individual train categories processing on the bottleneck segment.

(Two tactics can be applied in the train processing on the line under study; first, the trains of individual categories are given different priorities in the processing, and second, all the trains have the same priority).

The output results of the model are average delays of trains of each category occurring within the train processing performed on the bottleneck segment of the line under study in a given time unit.     

Use of combinatorial auctions in the railway industry: Can the “invisible hand” draw the railway timetable?

Rail capacity is currently administratively allocated in Europe, whereas the economic literature has often contemplated the opportunity of introducing market mechanisms, auctions in particular, into this industry. This article tries to fill the gap between practice and theory. It first describes the properties of rail capacity (rigidity and non-homogeneity) and shows that because of its very nature, this capacity must be allocated through combinatorial auctions. As identified by the economic literature, using combinatorial auctions introduces a lot of complexity (winner determination and information burden) into the allocation process. To deal with this complexity, some form of centralized planning is necessary to design the right market mechanisms and to allocate capacity. This could have strong consequences on the current deregulation process.     

一种特殊工况下的船闸施工工艺介绍

以上海赵家沟船闸工程为例,提出不同于传统的新型船闸施工工艺流程。将深基坑支护施工技术与船闸施工技术有机结合,并采取若干工艺改进。新工艺解决了在城市环境下特殊工况船闸施工的难题。