万华烟台液化烃地下水封洞库群施工通风优化研究

为解决地下水封洞库群大断面施工通风问题,通过增设通风竖井的方案,并采用三维数值模拟方法,对主洞内CO分布规律、风仓内风机布置位置对风机效率的影响进行计算分析。结果表明:1)掌子面爆破后通风30 min,掌子面附近区域CO质量分数均小于24×10~(-6),满足规范要求;2)风仓内风机组2行排列形式的风机效率明显高于风机组1行排列形式,且风机组间距为2 m时风机效率最高。     

考虑围岩应变强化及扩容的深埋软岩隧洞时变位移解

为描述深埋软岩隧洞围岩时变位移受岩石应变强化与扩容协同影响的复杂力学过程,假设岩体为符合Burgers体与Drucker-Prager屈服准则组合的黏弹塑性模型,在考虑应变强化及扩容效应影响的初始应力场下,推导得到深埋软岩隧洞的黏弹塑性时变位移解析解并进行分析。结果表明:该解析解能较好地描述软岩隧洞蠕变位移受岩体应变强化和扩容的影响。随着幂强化指数或剪胀角的增大,隧洞围岩的时效变形逐渐增大,且发展变快。隧洞围岩在应变强化和扩容效应的共同影响下,幂强化指数与剪胀角越大,其位移越敏感,且幂强化指数对围岩位移的敏感性更高。为验证该解析解的实用价值,与工程实测数据进行对比,结果显示计算值与实测值吻合较好,表明该解析解对深埋软岩隧洞时变位移预测具有一定的借鉴意义。     

A study on the determinants of private car ownership in China: Findings from the panel data

This study examines the determinants of private car ownership in China. The target cities are 32 provincial capital cities and the target period is from 2001 to 2011. In order to capture the individual effects (heterogeneity), the fixed and random effect models are adopted and compared, in which 8 explanatory variables are selected to include economic characteristics, urban characteristics, and transportation characteristics. Moreover, double natural logarithm model is employed to measure the elastic relationship between the private car ownership and regressors. The estimated results show that the fixed effect model performs better than pooled regression model and the random effect model. In addition, there are variations of private car ownership among cities and regions. Finally, the influence of factors responsible for these variations is also presented and discussed in this paper.     

Commute duration and health: Empirical evidence from Brazil

There have been many empirical studies associating commuting time and health outcomes in the last few decades. Their general conclusion is that commuting and health are negatively related. The validity of their findings, however, is questionable, given their lack of good identification strategies to correctly account for omitted variables. In this paper, we analyze this relationship using a large and unique nationally representative sample of Brazilian individuals, coupled with the use of propensity score matching techniques, and the application of an exhaustive set of standard falsification tests and sensitivity analysis that may prevent one from claiming a causal link between the two variables. Our results indicate that individuals with more than one hour of commuting appear to have statistically higher probability, ranging from 1.9 to 4.6 percentage points, of reporting bad health status when compared to a person whose commuting time is less than one hour.     

改性沥青的应用及其制备过程的远程动态监测

改性沥青的应用使高等级沥青路面的使用性能和服务寿命明显提高,同时有效遏制了道路早期病害的产生。为了保证改性沥青的自身质量,提高作业效率,在制备过程中采用远程动态监控系统是一种可行的方法。     

微表处预防性养护应用效果分析

根据微表处在沥青混凝土路面预防性养护中的应用实践,通过对微表处处治效果跟踪观测,总结了微表处适合的路况和解决的病害以及后期养护管理进行评价。     

四线铁路超宽圆端形薄壁空心桥墩温度效应分析

以兰渝铁路四线车站桥的圆端形空心桥墩为对象,对其实测温度场分布数据进行分析总结,并采用ANSYS软件三维瞬态热-应力耦合场分析方法,对其在寒潮降温和日照升温作用下温度应力进行计算。结果表明,四线超宽空心墩与普通双线空心墩的温度效应表现相当,并无十分明显的差别,温差应力并不会因为超宽而出现特别明显的增大或减小现象,纵向隔板的设置对超宽空心墩的温度效应没有特别明显的影响和作用,但由温差引起的空心墩环向和竖向应力值较大,需要设置合理的墩身钢筋解决混凝土开裂问题。     

地铁站台火灾不同排烟模式下排烟效果的数值模拟研究

运用火灾动力学模拟软件FDS,对广州某一地铁车站岛式站台端部发生5MW火灾的情况进行数值模拟研究,对比分析不同排烟模式下地铁站内的顶棚温度分布、人眼特征高度处温度、能见度、CO浓度分布以及楼梯口风速分布情况,分析其排烟效果是否满足人员安全疏散的要求。结果表明,对于顶棚温度和人眼特征高度处能见度而言,3种排烟模式都能满足要求。对于楼梯口新风风速而言,排烟口为11个的排烟模式不满足要求。比较3种模式下温度和CO浓度的扩散范围,发现排烟口为22个的排烟模式的控烟效果较好,更有利于人员的安全疏散。     

薄壁曲线箱梁剪力滞效用的有限元解法与实验研究

解释了箱梁的剪力滞效应并对其常用解法的优缺点进行了比较,介绍了有限元解法,利用SHELL63单元,运用ANSYS有限元分析方法对一具体箱梁进行分析,得出计算值与实验值吻合良好,可见利用ANSYS对薄壁箱梁剪力滞进行求解简单且可靠。     

高速铁路对供电质量的影响及治理措施

简述了高速铁路的供电原理及其负荷特性,分析了高速铁路对供电系统造成的负序和谐波等电能质量问题,在分析比较了国内外现有高速铁路电能质量治理的一系列措施的基础上,提出了高速铁路电能质量治理的新思路和新措施。