Emission rates of intermodal rail/road and road-only transportation in Europe: A comprehensive simulation study

Intermodal rail/road transportation combines advantages of both modes of transport and is often seen as an effective approach for reducing the environmental impact of freight transportation. This is because it is often expected that rail transportation emits less greenhouse gases than road transportation. However, the actual emissions of both modes of transport depend on various factors like vehicle type, traction type, fuel emission factors, payload utilization, slope profile or traffic conditions. Still, comprehensive experimental results for estimating emission rates from heavy and voluminous goods in large-scale transportation systems are hardly available so far. This study describes an intermodal rail/road network model that covers the majority of European countries. Using this network model, we estimate emission rates with a mesoscopic model within and between the considered countries by conducting a large-scale simulation of road-only transports and intermodal transports. We show that there are high variations of emission rates for both road-only transportation and intermodal rail/road transportation over the different transport relations in Europe. We found that intermodal routing is more eco-friendly than road-only routing for more than 90% of the simulated shipments. Again, this value varies strongly among country pairs.     

Formulating cargo inventory costs for liner shipping network design

This study examines how to incorporate the inventory costs of containerized cargoes into existing liner service planning models such that the designed networks could be improved while not causing extra modeling/computational burden. Two approaches are compared: (i) not considering the inventory costs at all and (ii) incorporating the inventory costs associated with onboard time and those related to transshipment by assuming a fixed connection time. The two models are compared with the ideal model capturing the exact inventory costs on a route choice problem and a capacity planning problem based on extensive randomly generated and practical numerical experiments. The results show that: first, ignoring the inventory costs in service planning models may lead to network design with much higher costs (poor network design decisions); second, in service planning models assuming weekly frequency, the inventory costs associated with onboard time could be formulated exactly, and those related to the connection time of weekly services could be approximated by assuming fixed connection time of 3.5 days for ports with 1 day’s minimum connection time and 4.5 days for ports with 2 days’ minimum connection time.     

基于船舶供电网络的模拟系统设计

本文主要介绍了基于船舶供电网络的模拟系统的主要功能和设计方法,该模拟系统采用集中式管理分布式控制的硬件架构,可模拟在各种不同的电网结构和不同的运行工况下,电网中各设备的状态和参数,并通讯至能量管理系统,能便捷的验证能量管理系统功能的有效性,提高软件开发人员的故障效率。     

基于PSO-BP神经网络的油船中部结构优化

以舱段质量为目标函数,以相关规范要求的板厚及应力为约束条件,通过灵敏度分析确定设计变量,对油船中部结构优化。构建基于粒子群优化的BP神经网络模型,并代替有限元分析确定应力与设计变量之间关系,从而对舱段进行结构优化。优化后舱段质量降低了4.2%,优化后的有限元分析结果表明满足规范要求,PSOBP神经网络模型在船舶结构优化设计中具有可行性。     

基于神经网络对电控柴油机运行特性影响因素仿真研究

基于AVL-BOOST软件仿真平台建立某船用四缸柴油机仿真模型,标定后的模型进行柴油机全工况仿真计算.仿真出来的3 200组数据作为人工神经网络输入数据,采用贝叶斯统计方法对网络进行训练建立2层的反馈神经网络仿真模型.并分别通过实验、AVL-BOOST和神经网络数据曲线的对比分析,验证人工神经网络预测的准确性.利用验证好的人工神经网络模型预测进排气压力对柴油机转矩的影响,以及预测压缩比和供油定时对柴油机排放性能和动力性能的影响,最后利用扰动法分析不同工况下柴油机各个参数对柴油机性能的影响程度.     

论信息网络传播权

2001修订的《著作权法》增加了信息网络传播权,弥补了法律上的空白,为法院审理有关著作权纠纷提供了法律依据。本文在阐述信息网络传播权的内涵、特征的基础上,对法律没有明确规定的信息网络传播权的保护和限制问题进行探讨,以加强和完善我国著作权法对信息网络传播权的保护。     

"计算机网络"课程教学研究

"计算机网络"课程的特点是计算机技术与通信技术的结合,从事"计算机网络"课程教学的教师应具备计算机网络建设、管理和研究的背景。课堂教学应以主流技术和主要应用为教学内容,理论与应用相结合,辅助多媒体教学手段,实践教学则以典型网络案例为内容,帮助理解理论教学并提高学生动手能力。     

基于知识点关联的网络教学平台的集成设计

教学课件各种信息成分的组织与关联是网络教学系统集成设计中的重要问题,本文给出了基于知识点的课件内容关联设计的实现.该平台支持多种教学方式,提供了灵活的设置以满足教学中的动态管理.     

希斯罗机场公共交通集疏运网络研究

分析了英国伦敦希斯罗机场的公共交通集疏运网络中的轨道交通线路、城市公交线路以及长途汽车网络,提出了大型枢纽机场建立公共交通集疏运网络的过程中可能会遭遇的问题以及处理的手段。以此为借鉴,对我国大型枢纽机场集疏运网络的规划与建设提出了建议。     

基于S注入法的自闭贯通线路故障定位系统

将S注入法和无线传输节点相结合，利用传感器网络的自组网功能以及高容错性构建了无线节点通信网络．提出了采用传感器网络技术的铁路自闭贯通线故障定位系统．该系统由信号注入装置、无线节点、开关站无线处理单元和智能故障信息处理系统构成．通过无线节点检测注入信号．智能故障信息处理系统接收无线节点传来的检测结果，并判断故障位置．注入信号的电源为恒流源，频率范围为220～320Hz．设计了并列方式和交错方式两种检测节点的布置方案．这两种方式均能满足信息传输可靠性的要求，但并列方式的系统可靠性比交错方式提高了2倍．该系统定位精度可根据需要调整．