临空面理论在兰渝铁路LYS-2标隧道中的应用

合理控制临空面可以获得较好的爆破效果,软弱、破碎地质围岩的洞室內缩及坍塌变形一般朝临空面方向发生,且变形幅度与坍塌风险均随临空面的增大而增大.以兰渝铁路LYS-2标隧道实际施工控制为例,分析了临空面在隧道施工中正反两方面的作用,从控制临空面角度阐述了防止隧道变形的措施.     

水分对于风化千枚岩填筑试槽路基回弹模量的影响

地下水和地表水是影响风化千枚岩路基回弹模量的重要因素,在室内修筑1m×1m×1.2m的试槽路基模型,模拟地表水和地下水的影响,分别从试槽顶部和底部补水,分析水分对路基湿化变形和回弹模量的影响.研究结果表明：补充地下水时由于千枚岩填料路基的孔隙率比较大,水分上升高度较小,对路基上层的含水率影响较小,承载板测试的过程中对路基起到不断压实的作用,路基回弹模量出现增大趋势;补充地表水时由于路基孔隙大,同时在水的自重下水分下渗深度也大,风化千枚岩遇水崩解,强度降低,导致回弹模量明显衰减.表明了地表水对路基的影响要比地下水更为明显.     

钢丝绳磷化涂层技术

钢丝绳使用过程中受到交变应力的作用,内部相邻钢丝因受力不均匀导致变形不同步时将发生微动;微动使钢丝表面产生磨损,从而使钢丝横截面积减小致应力集中的发生,促进疲劳微裂纹的萌生,微动疲劳是钢丝绳失效的主要原因。磷化涂层钢丝绳专利技术是将制绳钢丝磷化处理后捻制股及钢丝绳,磷化膜使钢丝表面更加耐磨,同时增加润滑脂在钢丝表面的驻留量,减小摩擦力促进滑动,抑制钢丝表面损伤及微动疲劳的发生,从而大幅度延长钢丝绳使用寿命。     

空间加载与面波技术在桥梁桩基试验分析中的应用

某桥上部钢筋混凝土空心板水害严重,已出现严重的单板受力现象。个别跨在跨中虽采取了支护措施．但已初步鉴定为危桥。根据改建计划,该道路将按公路Ⅰ级标准改建,即上部结构将拆除重建。为节省投资,上部结构重建时要最大限度地利用下部结构。为此,采用空间加载体系与瞬态面波技术对下部桩柱进行了试验分析．为下部结构可否进一步使用提出了科学依据。该试验分析方法对其他桥梁结构分析具有一定的指导意义。     

A two-step outlier removal procedure for surface reconstruction

Outliers in point clouds affect the performance of surface reconstruction directly. Most of outlier removal methods just remove those outliers far away from the real surface and are only applied to handle watertight surface. In this paper, a two-step outlier removal procedure is proposed to filter the point clouds acquired from the gray code and line-shifting technique. The first step is to remove the outliers far away from the real surface. Some feature points are extracted from the point clouds to construct an initial surface. The points with distances to the initial surface greater than a given threshold are removed as distant outliers. The retained points are linked into lines in each structured light sheet using their Voronoi diagrams. Some of lines which are very close to the real surface are removed as near outliers in the second step. The experimental results show that the proposed method is very effective in removing outliers for surface reconstruction. Foundation item: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30470488)     

Surface reconstruction of scanned human body using radial basis functions and adaptive partition of unity

It is important to reconstruct a continuous surface representation of the point cloud scanned from a human body. In this paper a new implicit surface method is proposed to reconstruct the human body surface from the points based on the combination of radial basis functions (RBFs) and adaptive partition of unity (PoU). The whole 3D domain of the scanned human body is firstly subdivided into a set of overlapping subdomains based on the improved octrees. The smooth local surfaces are then computed in the subdomains based on RBFs. And finally the global human body surface is reconstructed by blending the local surfaces with the adaptive PoU functions. This method is robust for the surface reconstruction of the scanned human body even with large or non-uniform point cloud which has a sharp density variation. Foundation item: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50575139) and the Shanghai Special Fund of Informatization (No. 088)     

粗集料表面纹理的分形评定及沥青混合料性能试验

采用激光轮廓仪测量了7种不同粗集料的表面纹理曲线,应用结构函数法分析了粗集料表面纹理的分形特性,采用特征粗糙度综合表征了粗集料表面纹理的粗糙度、形状和坡度特性,并考察了特征粗糙度对沥青混合料性能的影响。分析结果表明:粗集料表面纹理在一定范围内具有分形特性,其特征粗糙度与沥青混合料动稳定度和冻融劈裂强度比具有显著的线性相关性;随粗集料表面纹理特征粗糙度的增加,沥青混合料高温抗变形能力、抗水损害能力和低温抗裂性能逐渐增强。     

新型长寿命填缝料的开发研究

填缝料失效是导致水泥混凝土路面板破坏的主要原因。目前常用的填缝料使用寿命一般为1～3年,最长也只有5年,因此在混凝土路面的寿命周期内要多次更换填缝料：介绍一种新型长寿命填缝材料,其与混凝土路面寿命相同,用于高速公路可达30年。     

国内某机场跑道注浆加固的设计与实践

该文结合国内某机场跑道基础加固工程的实践,阐述了采用"充填压密注浆法"对跑道片石基础进行加固的设计方法及相应的施工技术措施,并提出了施工控制要点,可供水泥混凝土路面修补工程参考。     

钛板颅骨修复假体的设计

运用逆向工程的方法,基于患者的头部CT数据,构建了颅骨的三维模型;数字化设计了钛板颅骨修复假体．虚拟装配结果表明该修复假体与缺损部位良好吻合;采用有限元法对钛合金颅骨修复假体进行了强度分析,分析结果表明假体具有足够的强度;为下一步数字化制造提供了可靠的基础．