Design of robust-stable and quadratic finite-horizon optimal controllers with low trajectory sensitivity for uncertain active suspension systems

This paper presents a design method for designing the robust-stable and quadratic-finite-horizon-optimal controllers of uncertain active suspension systems. The method integrates a robust stabilisability condition, the orthogonal functions approach (OFA) and the hybrid Taguchi-genetic algorithm (HTGA). Using the integrative computational method, a robust-stable and quadratic-finite-horizon-optimal controller with low-trajectory sensitivity can be obtained such that (i) the active suspension system with elemental parametric uncertainties is stabilised and (ii) a quadratic-finite-horizon-integral performance index including a quadratic trajectory sensitivity term for the nominal active suspension system is minimised. The robust stabilisability condition is proposed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Based on the OFA, an algebraic algorithm only involving the algebraic computation is derived for solving the nominal active suspension feedback dynamic equations. By using the OFA and the LMI-based robust stabilisability condition, the dynamic optimisation problem for the robust-stable and quadratic-finite-horizon-optimal controller design of the linear uncertain active suspension system is transformed into a static-constrained-optimisation problem represented by the algebraic equations with constraint of LMI-based robust stabilisability condition; thus greatly simplifies the design problem. Then, for the static-constrained-optimisation problem, the HTGA is employed to find the robust-stable and quadratic-finite-horizon-optimal controllers of the linear uncertain active suspension systems. A design example is given to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed integrative computational approach.     

Lane-harmonised passenger car equivalents for heterogeneous expressway traffic

In order to account for variations in traffic composition during traffic analysis, passenger car equivalent (PCE) factors are used to convert flow rates of various vehicle classes into flow rates in terms of passenger car units (PCUs). Earlier studies have developed various methods to estimate PCE values but only a few of them are based on uninterrupted traffic flow, particularly for flow regimes with heterogeneous traffic where differential (lower) speed limits are imposed on commercial vehicles. This paper proposes a lane-harmonisation approach, which leverages on the high variation in traffic composition across the lanes, to estimate PCE factors for urban expressways. Multiple linear regression is used and the PCE factors obtained for motorcycles, light goods vehicles, and heavy goods vehicles are 0.65, 1.53, and 2.75, respectively. The estimated capacity flow rate after the application of the obtained PCE factors is around 2200 PCUs per hour per lane.     

散货船运输市场周期性分析与预测

国际散货船航运市场在国际航运市场中占有举足轻重的地位,其走势具有周期性,可以预测船舶航运市场的整体趋势,进一步对全球经济形势分析预测。通过对克拉克森报告进行分析和调研,根据调研结果并结合新冠疫情影响确定了散货船航运市场的主要影响因素,采用相关股票指数和数据对各影响因素量化,对历史数据建立时滞模型并进行多元回归分析,进而建立时滞回归模型,构造了代价函数并采用梯度下降法建立多变量线性回归模型,得出表征散货船市场情况的波罗的海指数(BDI)与影响其走势的几种主要因素之间的代数关系,从而用近几年各影响因素的值来预测未来几个月内波罗的海指数的发展趋势,为船市的进一步布局规划提供参考。     

基础设施公私合营模式融资影响因素及空间溢出效应研究

在城市层面，影响基础设施PPP(公私合营模式)项目融资额的因素具有多样性。本文基于 2015—2017年我国地级市面板数据，采用空间回归模型对地级市基础设施PPP项目融资额的影 响因素进行实证分析，并验证了PPP项目融资额在空间层面具有溢出效应。研究结果表明：空间 误差模型相比混合OLS回归模型，对于分析PPP项目融资额影响因素的拟合效果更好；PPP项目 融资额在城市层面上具有显著的正向空间溢出效应，即一个城市PPP项目融资额更容易受到相 邻城市PPP项目融资额的影响。地方政府财政缺口、地区生产总值、固定资产投资额、人口密度 对PPP项目融资额虽然都具有显著相关关系，但在不同地区间影响的差异性较大。地方政府财 政缺口在中东部城市与PPP项目融资额呈现显著正相关，即地方政府财政缺口越大，城市越倾向 于采用PPP模式进行基础设施投融资；而在西部城市，两者间这种相关关系则不显著。     

Economies of density and factor substitution in Dublin city bus services — a translog approach

The primary aim of the paper is to determine a short‐run cost function for Dublin City Bus Services (DCS), using a translog approach. The results show that there are significant economies of density in the transit operation. The results also indicate that the structure of DCS is characterised by a homothetic production function and that partial elasticities of substitution are non‐unitary.     

远洋船舶空调系统的动态负荷仿真分析

采用黑箱模型理论建立了船舶多功能舱室动态负荷数学模型,经分析求解,获得了某典型欧亚远洋航线上的船舶动态负荷变化规律.结果表明:船舶空调负荷随航区、航行时刻发生显著变化,通风负荷占总负荷的51.92%,而舱壁导热、辐射负荷仅分别占总负荷的7.47%,6.68%;同一航区同一时刻,各功能舱室负荷最大值是最小值的2.684倍;此外,运用回归分析知,可变舱室负荷的91.72%受室外温度变化的影响.     

城市隧道出口公交车换道行为对交通流的影响

为了研究城市隧道出口处公交车的换道行为对交通流的影响,以城市隧道出口公交车的换道特性为研究对象,阐述并分析了公交车在城市隧道出口换道过程中的3种影响状态.然后采用摄像法采集相关数据并分析,借助SPSS软件构建了关于公交换道频率、公交换道持续时间、最大公交换道长度及其存在时间、隧道交通流量与车头时距关系的多元线性模型,并进行了相关性检验,得出了公交车换道对城市隧道出口交通流影响的主要因素.     

基于一种新的伪氨酸组成预测蛋白质折叠速率

以chou等人提出的伪氨酸组成方法为基础,从蛋白质序列的氨基酸组成信息和顺序信息着手,提出一种新的伪氨酸组成方法,即利用新伪氨酸序列的自相关函数、氨基酸的平均中程接触和氨基酸频率构造了23维向量来描述蛋白质序列,进而建立多元线性回归函数对蛋白质折叠速率进行预测,经jackknife检验相关系数达到了0.84.并与其他两种方法进行比较使本文的结论得到较好的验证.同时验证了本文提取的特征参数对蛋白质折叠速率有一定的影响.     

沥青路面使用性能评价中行驶质量与路面损坏的关系探讨

现有的沥青路面使用性能评价体系,通过对路面的损坏状况指数、行驶质量指数、车辙深度指数、抗滑性能指数及结构强度指数的线性加权,获得路面使用性能指数。其中,影响路面行驶质量指数的主要因素是路面平整度,而它受到如裂缝、坑槽、修补等路面损坏的影响。因此,路面行驶质量指数与路面损坏状况指数存在着某种重叠关系,但这种关系并不明确,...     

青岛胶州湾海底隧道陆域段近距下穿地表建筑物爆破震动控制技术

青岛胶州湾海底隧道陆域段钻爆施工期间,为确保距隧道拱顶约12 m的地表建筑物安全及隧道大断面掘进,通过采用下导超前、后续大断面扩挖施工方法,运用液压凿岩台车进行大中空孔直眼掏槽及合理化的钻爆设计等技术,将地表建筑物最大垂直震速控制在国标允许范围之内;通过采用孔外中段别雷管接力起爆,实现了大断面（超前下导、后续扩挖面）一次性点火起爆,解决了大断面一次性爆破雷管段别不足的难题;通过爆破震动测试及数据回归分析,得到了震动波在地层中的传播规律,并通过该规律进行药量真正校核。