变高式导堤和导流墩在峡谷枢纽船闸下引航道中的应用

以广西黔江大藤峡枢纽所处峡谷段为例,通过改变导堤和导流墩的高度,采用变高式导堤和淹没式导流墩布置,配合调整洪水航线,解决了中枯水期航道的碍航问题,同时改善了洪水期航道通航水流条件和河道泄洪条件。     

湘江土谷塘航电枢纽工程船舶进出闸方式研究

结合枢纽整体水工物理模型试验、船模试验结果,针对"曲进直出"和"直进曲出"两种方案,从口门区通航条件、船舶过闸效率、枢纽湘江大桥的跨径布置、预留二线船闸的施工影响和对枢纽泄流能力的影响等方面对土谷塘航电枢纽工程船舶进出闸方式进行了对比分析,为最终确定船舶进出闸方式提供了依据。     

大众AJR发动机电路图解读

大众车系电路图,绘制独特,内容详细,对检修工作有重要的指导意义。本文以大众AJR发动机电路图为例进行分析、解读,有助于对全车电路图的掌握和使用。     

中央电气接线盒的通用性设计

中央电气接线盒作为汽车整车电源分配及信号传输的中枢单元,由于跟整车各用电器都相关,一般很难做到通用性设计。本文通过分析整车电源分配,总结出一般规律,设计出一种通用化的中央电气接线盒。     

电缆接续引起的信号故障分析

ZPW-2000系列移频自动闭塞设备电缆接续广泛使用免维护型地下电缆接续盒,结合现场电缆接续问题引起的事故,说明信号免维护地下电缆接续盒使用中注意问题。     

船用太阳能光伏接线盒设计

本文主要论述了太阳能在船舶中的应用及船用光伏系统,光伏系统可将太阳的光能直接转换成电能供船舶和其设备加以利用,而光伏接线盒是光伏系统电能的传输的必备件之一,作为光伏电池的电力传输和性能保障部分,接线盒的设计尤为重要,它影响着整个光伏组件的电力效率,加上船用太阳能光伏接线盒所处的海洋海洋环境极为苛刻,含有大量的盐分、水气及酸碱性物质,所以光伏接线盒设计必须根据船舶设备的特点,充分其考虑机械性能,电气性能和环境性能.     

A kinematic wave approach to traffic statics and dynamics in a double-ring network

Recently there has been much interest in understanding macroscopic fundamental diagrams of stationary road networks. However, there lacks a systematic method to define and solve stationary states in a road network with complex junctions. In this study we propose a kinematic wave approach to defining, analyzing, and simulating static and dynamic traffic characteristics in a network of two ring roads connected by a 2 × 2 junction, which can be either an uninterrupted interchange or a signalized intersection. This study is enabled by recently developed macroscopic junction models of general junctions. With a junction model based on fair merging and first-in-first-out diverging rules, we first define and solve stationary states and then derive the macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) of a stationary uninterrupted network. We conclude that the flow-density relationship of the uninterrupted double-ring network is not unique for high average network densities (i.e., when one ring becomes congested) and unveil the existence of infinitely many stationary states that can arise with a zero-speed shockwave. From simulation results with a corresponding Cell Transmission Model, we verify that all stationary states in the MFD are stable and can be reached, but show that randomness in the retaining ratio of each ring drives the network to more symmetric traffic patterns and higher flow-rates. Furthermore we model a signalized intersection as two alternate diverge junctions and demonstrate that the signalized double-ring network can reach asymptotically periodic traffic patterns, which are therefore defined as “stationary” states in signalized networks. With simulations we show that the flow-density relation is well defined in such “stationary” states, and asymptotic traffic patterns can be impacted by signal cycle lengths and retaining ratios. But compared with uninterrupted interchanges, signalized intersections lead to more asymmetric traffic patterns, lower flow-rates, and even gridlocks when the average density is higher than half of the jam density. The results are consistent between this study and existing studies, but the network kinematic wave model, with appropriate junction models, is mathematically tractable and physically meaningful. It has offered a more complete picture regarding the number and type of stationary states, their stability, and MFD in freeway and signalized networks.     

高速公路入口匝道多维可调模糊控制器设计

鉴于入口匝道多维模糊控制器的控制规则库会随着人们控制方面经验的增加而变得愈加复杂,从而造成规则之间的冗余性、兼容性问题.因此,给出入口匝道多维模糊控制器的解析描述,不仅有效地解决了多维模糊控制器控制规则之间的冗余性、兼容性问题,而且通过在不同状态下引入不同加权因子实现了控制器的自调整,使所设计的模糊控制器更能适应实际的高速公路交通需求.最后通过MATLAB仿真得到的结果表明,控制效果令人满意.     

城市快速路匝道合流区车辆交互行为模式

在城市快速路匝道合流区,驾驶任务难度主要来自于车辆与其周边车辆之间的动态交互,目前对这种交互行为的特征和机理的认识还不十分清楚。基于从无人机视频中提取的高精度车辆轨迹数据,提取出表征车辆交互行为的指标TTC和GAP,并结合速度、加速度、车道位置等其他指标,对车辆的交互过程加以刻画,从中获得了大量交互行为实例,并在此基础上归纳总结出9种典型的车辆交互行为模式。通过分析各模式特征发现：即使在相同的外部环境下,车辆交互行为模式也可能存在差异,这表明交互行为不仅与车辆之间的相对位置、时空距离、速度状态等环境因素有关,还与驾驶人的应对能力、动机及风险意识等认知心理有关;另外,不同的交互模式面临的风险不同,并且该风险既可能是周边车辆行为发生改变而被迫卷入,也可能是驾驶人自身主动寻求的结果;9种不同类型的交互行为模式,构成了驾驶人自行感知的4种风险状态互相转换的具体实现形式;在驾驶过程中,驾驶人努力寻找契机并选择某种交互行为模式在各个风险状态之间来回切换,并非仅由心理压力较大的危险态向压力较小的自由态转换,也会发生反向转换,前者主要由降低事故风险和减少认知努力的动机驱动,后者旨在追求行车效率,但同时驾驶人会付出更多的认知努力以对抗风险的增加,这充分反映了驾驶人试图在行车效率、事故风险与认知努力三方面取得平衡。研究成果对深化理解驾驶行为及其背后的决策机制具有积极意义。     

内河河口建设航电枢纽预评价

在支流入汇河口地区建设航电枢纽既有一般枢纽普遍存在的共性问题,又有支流人汇对于流壅水顶托的影响,这种影响是一个非线形动力学过程。以某河段拟建航电枢纽为例,借助神经网络处理非线形问题的优势,利用实测水文资料作为学习样本,建立了预测枢纽尾水位的BP数学模型。用该模型预测了枢纽三种调水方式下枢纽上、下游的水位落差,评价了枢纽建成后支流入汇对枢纽的出力、泄流能力和通航等方面的影响,为工程设计提供了依据。