QS体系的诠释与启发

本文通过介绍香港工料测量师提供的咨询服务的工作内容,同时根据他们QS的一些传统做法,对二公司的"QS管理"体系的调整提供一些思路。     

综合管廊有偿使用收费方式及其适用性探究

采用理论研究和案例分析法针对城市地下综合管廊有偿使用收费方式进行了详细的探讨，并依托成都市IT大道地下综合管廊工程，同时借鉴了日月大道、成洛大道、成渝高速入城段等试点管廊的相关参数测算综合管廊有偿使用费，其中入廊费和日常维护费分别采用直埋成本法和空间比例法进行计算，建立了成都市地下综合管廊入廊费和日常维护费收费标准。研究结果表明采用该方法测算得到的成都市管线入廊费和日常维护收费标准较适应管线现状实际建设和运维情况，更易让各管线单位接受。     

低碳型集装箱港区港内道路规划方案优选

合理的港内道路路网结构及交通组织是集装箱港口作业效率提升以及节能减排的重要保证。提出利用集装箱港区生产作业智能体微观交通仿真模型模拟集装箱生产作业流程,并以集装箱港口服务水平和集卡日均碳排放成本作为指标,优选低碳型集装箱港区港内道路规划方案。应用实例表明,集装箱港区生产作业智能体微观交通仿真模型可有效模拟港内作业过程,通过对比分析不同道路规划方案下的评价指标,得到最优的港内道路规划方案,为港区道路规划与设计提供参考。     

探讨基于蒙特卡罗模拟法的公路工程造价风险分析

公路工程具有建设周期长、工程数量大等特点,建设期间受多种要素和条件影响,工程造价存在着各种风险性。文章根据我国公路工程的建设现状,在分析公路工程造价风险的特征和蒙特卡罗模拟法的特点基础上,阐述了运用蒙特卡罗模拟法分析公路工程造价风险的优势,提出了运用蒙特卡罗模拟法分析公路工程造价风险的一般步骤,并将蒙特卡罗模拟法引入到公路工程造价风险评估中,为公路建设项目造价风险评估提供了一种新的方法,希望可以为今后公路项目造价风险管理与控制提供一些较有现实意义和指导作用的方法。     

物联网在公路运输业的应用探讨

对物联网在公路运输业中的应用进行探讨,通过射频识别、红外感应器等将车辆与物品的信息记录下来,并随着车辆运输行进过程辅以GPS与G IS技术,对车辆位置与物品位置进行有效跟踪,为查询车辆交通信息与物品运输实时信息提供帮助,从而提高公路运输服务能力和水平,降低物流成本。     

建设项目设计阶段造价控制对策分析

该文阐述了在建设项目全过程造价控制流程中,设计阶段造价控制是其中一个尤为重要的关键环节。在各个设计阶段通过设计方案优化、施行限额设计、采用设计施工总承包体制等方式进行有效的造价控制,是合理控制建设项目造价,节约建设投资的重要途径。     

保定市污水处理厂二期工程配套管网设计

该文介绍了保定市排水设施的现状及存在的问题,对管网系统布局、污水量预测及管材选择等提出了设计方案,并就城市排水管网设计提出了建议。     

浅议加强设计阶段建设项目工程造价的控制

项目立项后对项目造价的控制的关键在于设计阶段。该文先介绍了一些设计阶段造价控制存在的不足,而后提出了关于加强设计阶段工程造价控制的一些想法。     

Bus congestion, optimal infrastructure investment and the choice of a fare collection system in dedicated bus corridors

Microeconomic optimisation of scheduled public transport operations has traditionally focused on finding optimal values for the frequency of service, capacity of vehicles, number of lines and distance between stops. In addition, however, there exist other elements in the system that present a trade-off between the interests of users and operators that have not received attention in the literature, such as the optimal selection of a fare payment system and a designed running speed (i.e., the cruising speed that buses maintain in between two consecutive stops). Alternative fare payment methods (e.g., on-board and off-board, payment by cash, magnetic strip or smart card) have different boarding times and capital costs, with the more efficient systems such as a contactless smart card imposing higher amounts of capital investment. Based on empirical data from several Bus Rapid Transit systems around the world, we also find that there is a positive relationship between infrastructure cost per kilometre and commercial speed (including stops), achieved by the buses, which we further postulate as a linear relationship between infrastructure investment and running speed. Given this context, we develop a microeconomic model for the operation of a bus corridor that minimises total cost (users and operator) and has five decision variables: frequency, capacity of vehicles, station spacing, fare payment system and running speed, thus extending the traditional framework. Congestion, induced by bus frequency, plays an important role in the design of the system, as queues develop behind high demand bus stops when the frequency is high. We show that (i) an off-board fare payment system is the most cost effective in the majority of circumstances; (ii) bus congestion results in decreased frequency while fare and bus capacity increase, and (iii) the optimal running speed grows with the logarithm of demand.     

Assessing the cost of transfer inconvenience in public transport systems: A case study of the London Underground

Few studies have adequately assessed the cost of transfers² in public transport systems, or provided useful guidance on transfer improvements, such as where to invest (which facility), how to invest (which aspect), and how much to invest (quantitative justification of the investment). This paper proposes a new method based on path choice,³ taking into account both the operator’s service supply and the customers’ subjective perceptions to assess transfer cost and to identify ways to reduce it. This method evaluates different transfer components (e.g., transfer walking, waiting, and penalty) with distinct policy solutions and differentiates between transfer stations and movements.The method is applied to one of the largest and most complex public transport systems in the world, the London Underground (LUL), with a focus on 17 major transfer stations and 303 transfer movements. This study confirms that transfers pose a significant cost to LUL, and that cost is distributed unevenly across stations and across platforms at a station. Transfer stations are perceived very differently by passengers in terms of their overall cost and composition. The case study suggests that a better understanding of transfer behavior and improvements to the transfer experience could significantly benefit public transport systems.