公路工程投资决策设计阶段的造价分析

在分析高速公路项目造价构成的基础上,将高速公路项目的投资控制过程中的项目决策阶段以及设计阶段进行分别研究,并提出这两个主要阶段所对应的造价控制。     

设计变更对船舶建造中材料成本的影响分析

船舶建造工程属于复杂系统工程,多发的设计变更对材料成本的变动增加了更多不确定性。文章从成本管理角度,分析了设计变更产生原因及分类,对材料成本影响的因果关系和不同阶段下的设计变更对材料成本的影响。在此基础上提出变更数据的采集方法,并用案例分析说明了各种变更原因对材料成本的影响程度。文章的研究结果为企业设计变更决策提供有用的参考。     

路基工程费用对江苏高速公路造价的影响

根据江苏境内近8条高速公路的造价构成,分析了路基工程费用在高速公路造价中所占有的比例以及路基工程费用对江苏高速公路造价的影响。为正确客观地评价高速公路造价、合理利用投资以及制定相应的投资控制措施提供了重要的依据。     

挖方边坡优化设计方法研究

以边坡可靠性分析、费用分析、风险分析为主线,详细阐述了挖方边坡优化设计的过程与方法,并提出较完整的挖方边坡设计方法,对边坡设计是一个很好的补充.     

基于全寿命成本分析的组合式基层沥青砼路面设计

针对韶赣高速公路的工程特点,开展了组合式基层沥青砼路面的应用研究。通过全寿命成本分析的比较论证,发现组合式基层沥青砼路面在广东地区应用的实例极少。总结了组合式基层沥青砼路面及传统沥青混凝土、水泥混凝土路面的优缺点,并提出了组合式基层沥青砼路面结构方案。     

基于成本战略的物流企业成本控制方法

物流成本控制是物流管理中一个很重要的组成部分,＂第三利润源＂也主要是通过降低物流成本来实现的。对物流成本的控制已成为提高物流经济效益的重要手段。文中构建了基于成本战略的物流企业成本控制模型,旨在使物流成本控制服务于物流企业成本战略。     

Applying social marginal costs pricing to the road sector

This chapter, following the results of the case studies analyzed in the Enact project, will identify and analyze the implications of the possible application of SMCP in PPP’s in the road sector. The main issues analyzed include SMCP revenue formation and its ability to finance the PPP. The paper will focus on market and competition issues like: 1) the problems due to mispriced substitutes; 2) the interdependencies between the tolls and the capacity of different road infrastructures when these are competing for the same demand; 3) since short run social marginal costs do not repay for the investments costs (except in special cases), in the case tolls should cover also the investment costs this will lead to totally different pricing schemes between roads in a same area, with problem of demand shift toward cheaper existing infrastructures, therefore increasing the problem of cost recovery. The incentives caused by the introduction of prices based on SMC’s are also investigated.     

Applying social marginal cost pricing in rail PPPs: Present state, drawbacks and ways forward

The application of social marginal cost pricing (SMCP) in PPP's in the railway sector faces several challenges. We examine in detail the practical applicability of SMCP in railway PPPs from the perspectives of cost accounting and effectiveness of SMCP towards the allocative efficiency goal, addressing the likely drawbacks in conciliating the welfare objectives of SMCP with the objectives of project financing (cost recovery) and value for money that justify the realization of PPP's. To this end, we combine theoretical analysis with the observation of empirical results of a case study. We split the analysis per type of private service provision, which can be for service operation or infrastructure management. For infrastructure management, we recommend splitting the operator remuneration and the track access charges. For service operation, we argue that the correct decision on source of funding of the service operator should depend on the characteristics of the contract.     

以精益设计降低电缆成本

面对目前的国际金融危机的经济形势,航运企业陷入需求大幅减少、运价大幅下跌、信贷大幅萎缩的状态,采用降本增效的有效应对措施,从系统设计,生产设计入手,研究减少电缆用量和避免浪费的有效途径。     

舰船装备维修费预测的数据预处理技术研究

在预测舰船装备维修费时,收集足够多的、准确的费用数据是关键。根据舰船装备维修费的影响因素,将舰船装备维修费预测的相关原始数据分为基础数据、使用数据、维修数据和宏观经济数据,确定了相应的数据收集渠道。分析了收集到的原始数据可能存在噪声、缺失或异常数据、冲击扰动数据、不一致数据的问题,针对性地提供了相应的数据预处理技术,经过处理后的数据可以为舰船装备维修费预测提供良好基础,进一步提高预测的有效性。