移动闭塞系统区间通过能力分析及参数计算

移动闭塞条件下“闭塞分区”呈现出“移动”和“长度变化”的特征,其区间通过能力的计算较固定闭塞系统更加复杂。本文建立了移动闭塞系统区间通过能力的数学模型,对区间通过能力与列车追踪运行速度、跟驰车距和列车性能等参数之间的相互关系进行了定性、定量分析,并就关鍵参数的计算方法进行了深入的讨论,对移动闭塞条件下的列车运行控制与行车组织有一定的参考价值。     

Fast-charging station choice behavior among battery electric vehicle users

This study explores how battery electric vehicle users choose where to fast-charge their vehicles from a set of charging stations, as well as the distance by which they are generally willing to detour for fast-charging. The focus is on fast-charging events during trips that include just one fast-charge between origin and destination in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. Mixed logit models with and without a threshold effect for detour distance are applied to panel data extracted from a two-year field trial on battery electric vehicle usage in Japan. Findings from the mixed logit model with threshold show that private users are generally willing to detour up to about 1750 m on working days and 750 m on non-working days, while the distance is 500 m for commercial users on both working and non-working days. Users in general prefer to charge at stations requiring a shorter detour and use chargers located at gas stations, and are significantly affected by the remaining charge. Commercial users prefer to charge at stations encountered earlier along their paths, while only private users traveling on working days show such preference and they turn to prefer the stations encountered later when choosing a station in peak hours. Only private users traveling on working days show a strong preference for free charging. Commercial users tend to pay for charging at a station within 500 m detour distance. The fast charging station choice behavior is heterogeneous among users. These findings provide a basis for early planning of a public fast charging infrastructure.     

Optimal joint distance and time toll for cordon-based congestion pricing

This paper addresses the optimal toll design problem for the cordon-based congestion pricing scheme, where both a time-toll and a nonlinear distance-toll (i.e., joint distance and time toll) are levied for each network user’s trip in a pricing cordon. The users’ route choice behaviour is assumed to follow the Logit-based stochastic user equilibrium (SUE). We first propose a link-based convex programming model for the Logit-based SUE problem with a joint distance and time toll pattern. A mathematical program with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) is developed to formulate the optimal joint distance and time toll design problem. The developed MPEC model is equivalently transformed into a semi-infinite programming (SIP) model. A global optimization method named Incremental Constraint Method (ICM) is designed for solving the SIP model. Finally, two numerical examples are used to assess the proposed methodology.     

重型单缸柴油机燃烧过程强化研究

在1台排量为2.8L的单缸柴油机上,通过燃烧过程不断强化,将输出功率从73kW提高到150kW。研究分为两个阶段:第一阶段通过提高进气压力、降低进气阻力、优化配气相位、优化喷油系统参数,将输出功率从73kW提高到92kW;第二阶段采用了电控单体泵供油系统,并优化喷孔参数、进一步提高进气压力、降低进气温度、提高发动机转速,将输出功率提高到150kW。放热率分析结果表明:对于高强化燃烧过程,虽然预混和扩散燃烧阶段的放热速率大幅度增加,但其放热量占总放热量的比率下降,后燃阶段的放热比率显著增加。因此加强扩散燃烧阶段的放热速率仍然是高强化燃烧过程面临的主要问题。     

田湾核电站扩建工程取水明渠导流堤优化设计

取水工程为核电厂重要构筑物,按照较高的核电标准设计往往断面较大,在保证取水安全的前提下,分析不同工程的使用要求,有针对性的的进行优化设计,可降低工程造价。以田湾核电取水工程为例,分析优化设计过程,供类似工程参考。     

沙枕抛投在荆江航道整治中的应用

沙枕袋可以有效防止水流冲刷河床底部,是稳定河床及岸坡、防止冲刷的主要加固措施。结合长江中游荆江段航道整治工程施工,介绍了抛沙枕进行护底补坡的施工工艺流程、施工要点,重点介绍沙枕袋在长江水流影响下的抛投质量控制措施及实施效果。     

港外锚地相对安全距离研究

对于港外锚地与周边设施、碍航物的相对安全距离,目前没有一个明确的规定。文中介绍了我国关于锚地宏观选址的相关要求,深入研究了锚泊船走锚特征,包括走锚过程、漂移方向和走锚速度等方面,提出了确定锚地与周边设施（或碍航物）相对安全距离的计算方法,对港外锚地选址及保护锚地资源具有一定的参考作用。     

基于特征的全船焊接工时聚类分析

以某型船全船焊接信息为样本,首先验证了数据样本服从对数正态分布;再以距离作为度量标准,对焊接信息进行基于不同距离测量方法的聚类分析,并重点对比平方欧氏距离和夹角余弦距离的聚类树形图,得出全船焊接信息合理的聚类数目;最后对每个类进行物理信息的解释,得到完整实用的基于特征的全船焊接工时估算标准,为新型船经济性论证及方案选型提供快捷、可靠的依据。     

粘连蚕卵图像分离算法研究

针对蚕卵图像中存在的粘连或者部分重叠现象,本文提出了一种新的分离方法。该方法先采用模糊C均值聚类算法将蚕卵图像从背景中分割,然后采用模糊距离变换得到模糊距离图像,最后使用分水岭算法将粘连或者部分重叠蚕卵分离。实验证明,此法能够将粘连颗粒物图像有效分离。     

基于人机工程学山区公路平曲线安全视距研究

视距是评价汽车行驶安全性和舒适性的重要指标.从医学和工学相结合的角度,以行车实验为依据,对驾驶员心率和血压变动规律与山区公路平曲线通视距离相关性进行分析研究.基于人机工程学实验研究表明,山区公路平曲线通视距离,应比现行理论计算通视距离增加5-10 m的安全距离,同时提出了相应的山区交通安全改善措施.