大鼠脑内血肿部分抽吸对红细胞SOD活性的影响

为探讨脑内血肿部分抽吸对血肿触发自由基反应的影响，利用立体定向技术制作脑内血肿大鼠模型并模拟血肿抽吸，观察各组红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性的变化。结果显示血肿部分抽吸显著降低红细胞ＳＯＤ活性（Ｐ＜０．０５），提示血肿部分抽吸抑制大鼠体内的自由基反应，其机制可能与减轻血肿周围组织和毛细血管的损伤有关。     

大骨节病病因研究——病区天堂村饮水中有机物的测定(Ⅰ)

本研究应用XAD树脂富集,色谱/质谱联机分离鉴定的方法。对大骨节病病区(麟游县天堂村)三种饮水与对照(西安医科大学校园)深井水作了痕量有机化合物的测定分析。从天堂河水、深机井水、窑水与对照水样中分别检出了40种、31种、19种和10种有机化合物,且对每种检出物的结构式、分子量和峰面积均作了分析测定。其中芳核化合物分别为25种、19种、8种和4种。病区三种水样中均检出了烯类、烯酮类、酮类和萘类、苯并噻唑等稠环芳烃化合物;仅在河水和深井水样中检出了茚类化合物;在对照水样中未发现上述有机物。此结果未见文献报导。上述诸有机化合物可能是值得重视的可疑病因因素,但其真正的病因流行病学意义尚需进一步研究探讨。     

Hurricane evacuation demand models with a focus on use for prediction in future events

Although substantial literature exists on understanding hurricane evacuation behavior, few studies have developed models that can be used for predicting evacuation rates in future events. For this paper, we develop new ordered probit models for evacuation using survey data collected in the hurricane-prone state of North Carolina in 2011 and 2012. Since all covariates in the models are available from the census or based on location, the new models can be applied to predict evacuation rates for any future hurricane. The out-of-sample predictive power of the new models are evaluated at the individual household level using cross validation, and the aggregated level using available data from Hurricane Irene (2011), Hurricane Isabel (2003) and Hurricane Floyd (1999). Model results are also compared with an existing participation rate model, and a logistic regression model available from the literature. Results at the individual household level suggests approximately 70% of households’ evacuation behavior will be predicted correctly. Errors are evenly divided between false positives and false negatives, and with accuracy increasing to 100% as the percentage of people who actually evacuate goes to zero or all and decreasing to about 50% when the population is divided and about half of all households actually evacuate. Aggregate results suggest the new models compare favorably to the available ones, with average aggregate evacuation rate errors of five percentage points.     

装有侧向疏散平台的地铁区闻乘客疏散

结合广州地铁3、4号线装有侧向疏散平台的情况，对在设备故障和紧急情况下的区间乘客疏散进行研究，探讨乘客步行、本线来车驳运和邻线来车驳运三种疏散方式的组织办法，提出装有侧向疏散平台的地铁区间乘客疏散方案。     

基于实验结果的有机半导体薄膜三极管动作特性解析

根据采用有机半导体材料酞菁铜制作的有机静电感应三极管的测试结果，使用适当电路模型和数学工具，进行数值仿真解析，对其动作机理和电气特性进行了解析和评价．     

烟大铁路轮渡渡船救生系统设计

回顾了近年来中国法规对客滚船救生设备要求的衍变,介绍了烟大铁路轮渡渡船救生系统的设计优化的实例.     

基于双有机朗肯循环的 CNG 发动机余热回收系统参数优化及工质选择

为了充分利用 CNG 发动机的余热能量,根据 CNG 发动机的余热能分布特性设计了双有机朗肯循环系统,用来回收 CNG 发动机的排气能量、进气中冷能量以及冷却系统具有的能量。该双有机朗肯循环系统包括高温循环和低温循环,高温循环采用 R245fa 作为工质,用于回收 CNG 发动机排气能量;低温循环分别采用 R245fa , R1234ze 和 R1234yf 作为工质,用于回收进气中冷能量、高温循环冷凝过程中释放的能量以及发动机冷却系统的能量。在 CNG 发动机标定工况下,对双有机朗肯循环系统的参数敏感度进行了分析。结果表明：较高的高温循环蒸发压力和低温循环蒸发温度,较低的高温循环冷凝温度和低温循环冷凝温度可以提升双 ORC 系统的净输出功率和热效率;高、低温循环均选择 R245fa 的方案可以使系统具有较优的热力学性能。     

柴油机颗粒排放物中可溶性有机物的成分分析

通过微孔均匀沉积冲击器对柴油机不同负荷工况下排气中的颗粒物进行取样,采用索氏萃取法对颗粒物样品中的可溶性有机物有效提取,并结合气相色谱‐质谱联用仪对可溶性有机物的成分进行分析。结果表明：在柴油机不同工况条件下,可溶性有机物主要由烷烃类、酚类、酯类及酸类等成分组成。随着负荷的增加,各成分所占比例发生明显变化,在部分工况下,有少量的芳香烃及其衍生物（萘、菲等）出现;可溶性有机物成分中的碳原子数大致分布在C10～C35,其中C14,C16和C19所占比例较高。在高负荷工况下,可溶性有机物成分中出现了高碳链烷烃,主要来自未完全燃烧的机油或燃油添加剂。     

有机固体废物好氧堆肥反应器的设计

针对目前商品化的堆肥反应器较少,且个别应用的反应器亦存在着反应物料多混合不均匀、易产生臭气等问题,设计了一种带有搅拌齿和吸附层的有机固体废物堆肥反应器。该反应器主体材料用有机玻璃或不锈钢制成,可装堆料100 L。该装置包括保温层、集气层、吸附填料层、进气缓冲层、旋转轴、搅拌齿、进气管、排液管、出料口、排气口、活动盖连接及由保温层内壁包容的空间所构成的堆肥仓。实际进行厨余垃圾堆肥时,平均通风量应为68.19 m3/d;气体流量计的最大量程应为0.15 m3/min;风机应提供的风量为8.4 m3/h,全压为2×103Pa。反应器搅拌轴的直径为30 mm,变速器输出轴的轴径取15 mm,搅拌齿的外径取25 cm,搅拌轴的有效高度为57 cm,搅拌设备的电机额定功率为3.0 kW。该装置具有能使反应物料混合均匀、避免产生臭气等的潜在优点。     

Online calibration of an integrated framework for information‐based evacuation operations

This study seeks to online calibrate the parameters of aggregate evacuee behavior models used in a behavior‐consistent information‐based control module for determining information strategies for real‐time evacuation operations. It enables the deployment of an operational framework for mass evacuation that integrates three aspects underlying an evacuation operation: demand (evacuee behavior), supply (network management), and disaster characteristics. To attain behavior‐consistency, the control module factors evacuees' likely responses to the disseminated information in determining information‐based control strategies. Hence, the ability of the behavior models to predict evacuees' likely responses is critical to the effectiveness of traffic routing by information strategies. The mixed logit structure is used for the aggregate behavior models to accommodate the behavioral heterogeneity across the population. An online calibration problem is proposed to calibrate the random parameters in the behavior models by using the least square estimator to minimize the gap between the predicted network flows and unfolding traffic dynamics. Background traffic, an important but rarely studied issue for modeling evacuation traffic, is also accounted for in the proposed problem. Numerical experiments are conducted to illustrate the importance of the calibration problem for addressing the system consistency issues and integrating the demand, supply, and disaster characteristics for more efficient evacuation operations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.