Marginal railway track renewal costs: A survival data approach

In this paper, renewal costs for railway tracks are investigated using survival analysis. The purpose is to derive the effect from increased traffic volumes on rail renewal cycle lengths and to calculate associated marginal costs. A flow sample of censored data containing almost 1300 observations on the Swedish main railway network is used. We specify Weibull regression models, and estimate deterioration elasticities for total tonnage as well as for passenger and freight tonnages separately. Marginal costs are calculated as a change in present values of renewal costs from premature renewal following increased traffic volumes. The marginal cost for total tonnage is estimated to approximately SEK 0.002 per gross ton kilometre.     

Exchange rate and transport cost sensitivities of bilateral freight flows between the US and China

This paper explores the long-run impacts of gross domestic product, exchange rate, and transport costs on bilateral air and ocean freight flows between the US and China. The study employs a cointegration framework by using export and import data over the period of 2003:Q1-2014:Q2. Results show that gross domestic product is the key determinant of bilateral freight flows, indicating that real income of a trading partner is a driving force of the bilateral freight flows between the US and China. In examining the sensitivities of the bilateral trade flows, air freight flows are found to be more responsive to a real income change than ocean freight flows. The bilateral exchange rate is a significant factor affecting the freight flows from China to the US, suggesting that a US dollar appreciation against the Chinese yuan increases the inflows of Chinese commodities to the US. The impacts of the bilateral exchange rate and transport cost are found to vary at industry and commodity levels. These findings support the importance of employing disaggregate data in the bilateral freight flow analysis.     

Estimating travel time functions for urban roads: options and issues

Travel time functions specify the relationship between the travel time on a road and the volume of traffic on the road. Until recently, the parameters of travel time functions were rarely estimated in practice; however, a compelling case can be made for the empirical examination of these functions. This paper reviews, and qualitatively evaluates, a range of options for developing a set of travel time functions. A hierarchy of travel time functions is defined based on four levels of network detail: area, corridor, route and link. This hierarchy is illustrated by considering the development of travel time functions for Adelaide. Alternative sources of data for estimating travel time functions are identified.

In general, the costs and benefits increase as the travel time functions are estimated at finer levels of network detail. The costs of developing travel time functions include data acquisition costs and analysis costs. The benefits include the potential for reducing prediction errors, the degree of application flexibility and the policy sensitivity of the travel time functions.     

新建安九铁路鳊鱼洲长江大桥总体设计

新建安九铁路鳊鱼洲长江大桥采用两线350 km/h高铁及两线200 km/h客货共线标准建设。南汊航道桥采用主跨672 m双塔钢箱混合梁交叉索斜拉桥,北汊航道桥采用主跨2×140 m独塔竖琴式预应力混凝土梁斜拉桥,鳊鱼洲及北汊非通航孔区采用48 m简支梁桥,跨北岸大堤采用主跨100 m变高连续梁桥,南、北岸引桥除连续梁外均采用32 m、24 m铁路标准梁,基础均采用桩基础。其中南、北汊航道桥采用整幅修建,其余采用分幅修建。桥址区基岩为灰岩,岩溶发育,设计采用了预注浆及抛填片石粘土法或灌注低标号片石混凝土措施进行处理。     

成都天府国际空港新城机场南线西段工程总体设计

机场南线西段连接了成都市主城区和天府国际机场,为天府国际机场建设和投运提供交通和能源保障,同时也是“东进”区域率先启动的市政道路之一。介绍了机场南线西段工程的建设背景和上位规划情况,重点阐述了总体设计方案,主要包括线路走向、总平面布置、横断面布置、重要节点处理、近远期结合措施等,为具有投资高、规模大、沿线情况复杂的新区建设提供了技术支撑。     

上海市沿江通道浦西接线段总体方案研究

为使上海市乃至长三角的滨江沿海发展链得到更好的交通服务,对上海市沿江通道浦西接线段进行总体方案研究.首先从交通系统的衔接、对现状交通设施的利用、工程建设的筹划等方面对项目进行了目标分析.在此基础上提出了"硬连接"和"软连接"两个系统总体方案,明确了各系统功能定位及衔接方式,重点对系统方案做了详尽论述.从上位规划条件和交通功能两方面论述了总体方案的研究及比选思路,最终确定"硬连接"系统方案为总体方案.     

复杂条件下城市下穿式隧道总体设计分析

下穿式隧道为提升城市发展质量提供了更顺捷和便利的交通条件。其总体设计不但影响路网交通功能的发挥，也制约着其它地下工程的空间布局，对地下空间资源的统筹利用意义重大。以南京市国际路隧道工程为例，分析了下穿式隧道周边复杂的工程环境，概括了下穿式隧道总体设计的关键要点，提出了相关地下工程协同设计的技术策略，可为类似条件下相关工程提供借鉴和参考。     

065减壳铸造工艺优化及应用

对065减速器壳生产效率低,废品率高的现状进行原因分析,通过对原工艺优化,最终解决了该铸件存在的气孔、夹渣、缩孔等缺陷,并提高了生产效率、降低了生产成本。     

一种区域社会物流总费用的统计方法

区域社会物流总费用的构成及其与GDP的比例在相当程度上反映了一个地区现代物流业的发展状况、产业结构的现状和企业物流管理水平,统计区域社会物流总费用具有非常重要的意义.本文在国家社会物流总费用核算体系的基础上,提出了一种区域社会物流总费用的统计方法.依据该方法对某城市群2004年社会物流总费用进行了统计分析,实例证明这种方法切实可行.     

沈阳市浑南大道-胜利大街互通立交总体设计

沈阳市浑南大道-胜利大街互通立交是浑南大道快速路与胜利大街快速路交汇处的枢纽型互通立交工程,是城市南部与西部联系的交通枢纽。介绍了浑南大道-胜利大街互通立交的项目背景和功能定位,采用回归分析法和双约束法对工程的交通流量进行预测,对立交总体设计、纵横断面设计及结构设计等方面进行了重点阐述和分析。