应急救援物流中物资分发点多目标排队选址优化

基于模糊数学、排队理论与选址理论,建立了应急救援物流中物资分发点的多目标模糊排队选址优化模型,其中：受灾点的需求率和物资分发点的服务率为模糊数,物资分发点建立成本最小和救援反应时间最短为目标函数．设计了模型的求解算法,确定了物资分发点的选址以及各个分发点所覆盖的受灾点区域范围．结合具体算例,验证了模型的实用性,并分析了物资分发点应急服务能力对救援效果的影响．     

手机定位数据获取出行OD：现状及展望

手机定位数据可以用于获取交通信息。近年来利用这种数据获取路段速度已经成为研究热点,但在获取OD方面研究较少。通过总结手机定位获取OD方面的研究现状,分析目前研究存在的主要问题,指出未来的研究重点。     

浅海海域饱和砂土地震液化方法分析探讨

针对浅海海域饱和砂土采用标准贯入试验法和抗液化剪应力法进行液化判别分析,对海底浅表层砂土液化判别时,发现对于设计地震第一组、7度和8度条件下,采用《建筑抗震设计规范》（GB50011）2001版推荐的原判别公式比2010版推荐的新公式液化判别结果安全度要高,当工程场地浅表层有砂土分布时,建议采用原判别公式进行液化判别更偏于安全。抗液化剪应力法对海域砂土的液化判别成功率较高,有着较好的适宜性,是值得推广应用的液化判别方法。     

Biofuel refinery location and supply chain planning under traffic congestion

This research focuses on planning biofuel refinery locations where the total system cost for refinery investment, feedstock and product transportation and public travel is minimized. Shipment routing of both feedstock and product in the biofuel supply chain and the resulting traffic congestion impact are incorporated into the model to decide optimal locations of biofuel refineries. A Lagrangian relaxation based heuristic algorithm is introduced to obtain near-optimum feasible solutions efficiently. To further improve optimality, a branch-and-bound framework (with linear programming relaxation and Lagrangian relaxation bounding procedures) is developed. Numerical experiments with several testing examples demonstrate that the proposed algorithms solve the problem effectively. An empirical Illinois case study and a series of sensitivity analyses are conducted to show the effects of highway congestion on refinery location design and total system costs.     

Joint inventory-location problem under the risk of probabilistic facility disruptions

This paper studies a reliable joint inventory-location problem that optimizes facility locations, customer allocations, and inventory management decisions when facilities are subject to disruption risks (e.g., due to natural or man-made hazards). When a facility fails, its customers may be reassigned to other operational facilities in order to avoid the high penalty costs associated with losing service. We propose an integer programming model that minimizes the sum of facility construction costs, expected inventory holding costs and expected customer costs under normal and failure scenarios. We develop a Lagrangian relaxation solution framework for this problem, including a polynomial-time exact algorithm for the relaxed nonlinear subproblems. Numerical experiment results show that this proposed model is capable of providing a near-optimum solution within a short computation time. Managerial insights on the optimal facility deployment, inventory control strategies, and the corresponding cost constitutions are drawn.     

A mixed-integer linear program for optimizing sensor locations along freeway corridors

How to optimally allocate limited freeway sensor resources is of great interest to transportation engineers. In this paper, we focus on the optimal allocation of point sensors, such as loop detectors, to minimize performance measurement errors. Although it has been shown that the minimization problem can be intuitively formulated as a nonlinear program, the formulation is so complex that only heuristic approaches can be used to solve the problem. In this paper, we transform the nonlinear program into an equivalent mixed-integer linear model. The linearized model is shown to have a graphical interpretation and can be solved using resource constrained shortest path algorithms. A customized Branch-and-Bound technique is then proposed to solve the resource constrained shortest path problem. Numerical experiments along an urban freeway corridor demonstrate that this sensor location model is successful in allocating loop detectors to improve the accuracy of travel time estimation.     

基于出行目的停车行为差异性分析

根据驾车者出行目的的不同,将其停车行为划分为通勤出行停车、非通勤出行停车和居民区停车。在对大连市中心城区的大型企事业单位、商业中心以及居住区进行停车行为调研的基础上,总结出各种停车行为的停车需求特点及相互之间的差异,并据此提出了3种出行目的的停车行为的需求管理措施。     

老城区排水系统溢流调蓄池容积计算方法

老城区排水系统现状和近期以合流制为主,部分城区远期雨污分流后以分流制为主.为了控制合流制排水系统溢流污染,调蓄池是一项重要的工程措施.以武汉老城区CB小流域为例,对武汉城区的降雨资料进行分析,得出武汉城区降雨量与降雨强度的关系,推导出CB小流域合流制排水系统的截流倍数与溢流外排量之间的关系,并参考远期控制径流污染所需的调蓄池有效容积,进而得到CB小流域合流制排水系统溢流调蓄池的推荐有效容积.     

基于开放式理念的高速公路服务区与旅游融合发展业态开发研究

为加速推进服务区的休闲化、景区化进程,推动服务区升级改造,重构服务区业态,逐步增加旅游服务功能,探索将服务区打造成旅游目的地,本文依据国内外关于开放式理念的研究进展,结合“服务区+旅游”融合发展的现状和内涵特征,提出基于开放式理念的“服务区+旅游”概念,通过借鉴旅游业态和产品划分标准,梳理总结“服务区+旅游”新业态特征,提出基于产业开发、新技术整合、特色产品开发、时间规划和智慧交通开发五大“服务区+旅游”业态类型,再从产业融合和“交通+旅游”的角度出发,系统提出“服务区+旅游”融合发展新业态清单。     

Does emission control area policy reduce sulfur dioxides concentration in Shanghai?

As an important measure to abate ship-source air emissions, the establishment of Emission Control Area (ECA) has been adopted not only at international level, but also at national and regional level. However, there exists a research gap of employing econometric models to enrich the ECA policy evaluation research by testing the effectiveness of an ECA policy based on the empirical data. This paper focuses on the effectiveness of the ECA policy in shanghai port by adopting regression discontinuity (RD) approach. The RD design is considered as a wonderful substitution for the randomized control trial, which usually serves as a conventional and effective tool to address endogeneity. The causal effect of the ECA policy on the SO₂ concentration reduction can be detected by the RD approach. According to the estimated results, there is a discontinuity around the ECA policy cutoff point, and it is indicated that the SO₂ concentration in Shanghai decreased by at least 0.229 μg/m³ daily on average due to the implementation of the ECA policy. The positive role that the ECA policy plays in reducing SO₂ concentration in Shanghai is well demonstrated. This paper also puts forward an agenda for the future studies in the domain of the ECA policy evaluation.