An analysis of bicycle route choice preferences in Texas,US

In the US, the rise in motorized vehicle travel has contributed to serious societal, environmental, economic, and public health problems. These problems have increased the interest in encouraging non-motorized modes of travel (walking and bicycling). The current study contributes toward this objective by identifying and evaluating the importance of attributes influencing bicyclists’ route choice preferences. Specifically, the paper examines a comprehensive set of attributes that influence bicycle route choice, including: (1) bicyclists’ characteristics, (2) on-street parking, (3) bicycle facility type and amenities, (4) roadway physical characteristics, (5) roadway functional characteristics, and (6) roadway operational characteristics. The data used in the analysis is drawn from a web-based stated preference survey of Texas bicyclists. The results of the study emphasize the importance of a comprehensive evaluation of both route-related attributes and bicyclists’ demographics in bicycle route choice decisions. The empirical results indicate that travel time (for commuters) and motorized traffic volume are the most important attributes in bicycle route choice. Other route attributes with a high impact include number of stop signs, red light, and cross-streets, speed limits, on-street parking characteristics, and whether there exists a continuous bicycle facility on the route.

Reducing car dependence in the heart of Europe: lessons from Germany,Austria, and Switzerland

Munich, Berlin, Hamburg, Vienna, and Zurich – the largest cities in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland – have significantly reduced the car share of trips over the past 25 years in spite of high motorisation rates. The key to their success has been a coordinated package of mutually reinforcing transport and land-use policies that have made car use slower, less convenient, and more costly, while increasing the safety, convenience, and feasibility of walking, cycling, and public transport. The mix of policies implemented in each city has been somewhat different. The German cities have done far more to promote cycling, while Zurich and Vienna offer more public transport service per capita at lower fares. All five of the cities have implemented roughly the same policies to promote walking, foster compact mixed-use development, and discourage car use. Of the car-restrictive policies, parking management has been by far the most important. The five case study cities demonstrate that it is possible to reduce car dependence even in affluent societies with high levels of car ownership and high expectations for quality of travel.     

停车需求分布的双层规划模型及算法

针对停车需求给定条件下的停车设施选择问题,建立了描述停车设施选择和出行路线选择行为的双层规划模型,并基于在部分增广乘子法中嵌套Frank-Wolfe算法的思路设计了求解模型的有效算法.上层模型在满足停车需求和设施停放车辆数有限条件下,力图最小化实际停车需求分布与期望分布间的差异.下层模型假设出行者路线选择行为遵循用户均衡原则.上下层模型通过设施选择概率函数实现有效关联.部分增广乘子法中嵌套Frank-Wolfe 算法求解上层模型可以有效利用上层模型的单纯形式约束特征.算例分析验证了新模型与算法的有效性.研究结论拓展了现有理论的应用场景,为相关研究提供了新的建模分析思路.     

小城市停车发展研究——以扬中市为例

随着城市经济社会不断发展,小城市小汽车保有量持续增加,交通需求呈现快速增长趋势,而城市停车设施供应总量增加速度远低于交通需求增长速度,导致停车难问题在小城市范围内也日益凸显。本研究对扬中市城市“停车难、停车乱”进行问题研判分析,结合城市发展目标与城市停车发展趋势与需求,提出“调需、精供、优效”的城市停车发展策略,并提出相应措施,缓解近期城市停车难题,促进远期停车系统健康发展,为小城市停车发展提供一定参考。     

城轨虚拟编组关键性能指标及技术探讨

列车虚拟编组技术能够实现车辆资源的高效灵活利用,是解决轨道交通客流时空分布不均衡问题的有效方法,已成为国内外的研究热点。既有研究借鉴了汽车编队追踪的思路,主要关注于列车稳定追踪的相关方法,未能完全适应轨道交通的实际需求。针对城市轨道交通(简称“城轨”)虚拟编组研究的需要,深入分析城轨列车运行的特征,在此基础上总结提出包括站台停车时间差等在内的城轨列车虚拟编组应符合的技术性能指标;其次,针对虚拟编组的技术特征,提出包括大小交路和Y型线路等适合列车虚拟编组的潜在应用场景,并对实现虚拟编组的关键技术及其原理进行介绍,可为城轨列车虚拟编组研究提供参考。     

城乡公交车违规停车的危害性探讨

城乡公交车站点长时间停车等客,站外随意停车等违规现象十分普遍,文章针对这一情况,通过交通事故案例分析,找出城乡公交车违规停车现象存在的原因,指出了违规停车的危害性并提出解决方法.     

北京市停车产业化分析研究

分析了北京市机动车现状、停车设施供应现状和停车产业化现状,深入剖析制约停车产业化发展的各种原因,通过回顾国内外城市停车产业化的相关研究,总结经验,展望北京市停车产业化的发展前景。     

能力约束下的停车行为模型及其求解算法

建立了能力约束下的旅行选择和停车行为模型,模型同时考虑了出行者对旅行路径和停车设施的选择、道路路段和停车设施的能力约束以及道路网络的需求弹性。构造了数学规划模型,证明在非主动能力约束下,网络均衡条件与该数学规划模型等价;当能力约束为主动约束时,该数学规划模型的解不是网络均衡解,但当对路网的饱和路段和饱和停车设施征收某个附加费用之后,网络均衡解满足能力约束。设计了增广的Lagrangian对偶算法和部分线性化算法来求解该模型,并利用算例来验证模型和算法的效率及评价交通政策的效果。计算结果表明:停车收费、新增停车设施、停车设施与目的地之间的步行距离将显著影响出行者的旅行选择和停车行为。     

停车诱导信息系统显示优化问题的遗传算法求解

针对复杂的道路网布置和具体的道路交通状况,基于广义停车成本概念探讨了停车诱导信息系统的显示优化问题,并建立了显示优化模型。对于这个0—1模型,设计了利用基本遗传算法(SGA)求解的步骤,通过一个实例验证了模型和求解方法的科学性和适用性。     

基于中关村西区的地下停车诱导信息系统设计

以北京中关村西区地下停车场为背景，对停车诱导信息系统进行了设计与研究。文章主要介绍了中关村西区地下停车场诱导信息发布方案的设计，基于BP神经网络的停车泊位预测以及基于模糊推理的地下环廊路段优化选择，并给出了Matlab环境下的仿真结果。