电子机械式驻车系统的工作原理与故障诊断

分析迈腾轿车的电子机械式驻车系统的功能特点和工作原理,结合其常见故障现象和案例总结故障的诊断方法及操作要点。     

Dynamic demand estimation and microscopic traffic simulation of a university campus transportation network

Abstract

This article documents the authors' experience with the modeling, simulation, and analysis of a university transportation system, using the TRansportation ANalysis and SIMulation System (TRANSIMS). The processes of data preparation and network coding are described, followed by the algorithm developed to estimate the dynamic 24-hour demand, which includes a procedure for estimating the ‘desirability’ of the different parking lots from readily available data. The dynamic demand estimation algorithm is validated by comparing estimated and observed parking lot occupancies, where it is shown that the algorithm is capable of replicating observed results. Finally, an example is included to demonstrate how the developed model can be used in campus transportation planning. Besides serving as a first case study for using TRANSIMS to model a university campus, the study's contributions include the development of a procedure for parking lot desirability ranking and a practical procedure for estimating dynamic demand on university campuses.     

基于博弈理论的弹性停车激励机制运营效益评估模型

分析了在停车机制作用下小汽车出行者与停车场管理方之间的动态博弈过程, 研究了出行者竞价行为与个体出行成本、停车激励强度之间的数量关系, 构建了面向弹性停车激励机制的运营效益评估模型; 应用敏感性分析方法探究多种影响因素对弹性停车激励机制运营效益的作用, 并以美国加州大学伯克利分校为例进行了实证研究。研究结果表明: 弹性停车激励机制不仅能保障停车场日常运营的可持续, 还可以促进停车泊位的共享; 在经济效益方面, 弹性停车激励机制能通过激励强度的变化调整泊位的回收数, 当最大激励强度从15美元增至30美元时, 回收泊位数将从17个减小到8个, 说明该机制能通过有选择地拒绝高价泊位来确保停车场的经济效益; 随着可接受最小激励强度人数比例的提升, 泊位回收的边际效益将增大, 当该比例从5%提升至55%时, 泊位回收边际效益将由每个14.4美元增至每个17.3美元, 说明随着参与竞价人数的增多, 停车场经济效益逐步提升; 在社会效益方面, 实施该机制将有利于释放停车场的泊位资源, 如其日周转率将会有约9%的降幅, 最小空置率会呈现出0~8%的不均衡涨幅, 说明该机制能有效促进出行者主动共享停车泊位。     

停车控制的系统方法探讨

针对日益严重的停车问题,从停车泊位的划定及其利用率的提高、停车场的配建及其发展方向等方面提出了相应的解决对策,尤其是将停车控制作为一个系统来考虑,从系统方法的角度说明了如何解决停车问题,以达到缓解紧张交通状况的目的。     

基于城市规划管理角度的停车问题对策研究

首先分析目前对于停车问题的常规解决思路及措施,然后分析其缺陷,最后从城市规划管理角度提出相应的保障措施及对策。主要包括控制性详细规划的编制与实施、建筑物配建标准制定及实施、土地复合开发等管理规定。研究对于指导城市新区建设、改善停车现状有重要的指导意义。     

特长公路隧道紧急停车带通风优化分析

结合秦岭终南山特长公路隧道紧急停车带设计方案,运用了CFD(计算流体动力学)方法对紧急停车带区域流态进行分析,以确定出较佳的土建结构形式并计算出紧急停车带局部通风压力损失系数。     

基于智能体模拟的浮动式停车价格实施效果研究

在城市机动车保有量快速增长的背景下，制定合理的停车价格对缓解停车难问题具有重要的作用. 基于多智能体的建模方法，结合典型城市商业区停车调查数据搭建仿真环境，通过编程实现停车过程中的行为决策规则，建立浮动式停车价格下的路内停车模拟平台，并对浮动式停车价格的实施效果进行研究. 模拟结果表明，浮动式停车价格策略的实施不仅使路内停车资源的利用更为均衡，区域内车位紧张状况有所缓解，停车寻泊时间有所减少，还提高了周边道路上车辆运行速度. 本研究可以为提高停车效率、缓解区域道路交通拥堵提供一定决策建议.     

城市高架桥下停车场设置及交通影响分析

随着机动车数量的快速增长,城市"停车难"的问题日益加剧。结合实际案例对城市高架桥下空间的合理利用进行分析研究,提出了桥下停车场实施建设的条件、交通影响分析方法与交通组织方案。     

A study on smart parking guidance algorithm

Parking problem becomes one of major issues in the city transportation management since the spatial resource of a city is limited and the parking cost is expensive. Lots of cars on the road should spend unnecessary time and consume energy during searching for parking due to limited parking space. To cope with these limitations and give more intelligent solutions to drivers in the selection of parking facility, this study proposes a smart parking guidance algorithm. The proposed algorithm supports drivers to find the most appropriate parking facility considering real-time status of parking facilities in a city. To suggest the most suitable parking facility, several factors such as driving distance to the guided parking facility, walking distance from the guided parking facility to destination, expected parking cost, and traffic congestion due to parking guidance, are considered in the proposed algorithm. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, simulation tests have been carried out. The proposed algorithm helps to maximize the utilization of space resources of a city, and reduce unnecessary energy consumption and CO₂ emission of wandering cars since it is designed to control the utilization of parking facility efficiently and reduce traffic congestion due to parking space search.     

交通需求管理措施及实施效果的调查研究

交通需求管理提供了解决交通问题的方法,可为经济、社会以及环境带来一定的收益,但不同城市和地区的交通问题有所不同,必须根据各自城市的实际特点制定出切实可行的具体方法,交通需求管理才能成为解决城市交通问题的有效手段。