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车辆折算系数的分类及算法 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
提出了标准车的选择原则:车长等于约定的长度;当交通流密度很小时,以道路设计速度行驶;驾驶员遵守交通规则。定义了微观车辆折算系数:交通流全部由标准车组成时的流量与交通流全部由某种车组成时的流量之比。定义了聚类车辆折算系数:组成该类车型的所有自然车的微观折算系数与组成比例的乘积之和。定义了宏观车辆折算系数:组成混合交通流的所有自然车的微观折算系数与组成比例的乘积之和。计算了这三种车辆折算系数。 相似文献
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This paper studies the assignment of long-distance passenger traffic on a highway corridor network. First, we propose a traditional model for the long-distance traffic assignment considering interactions with local commuter traffic. It addresses the effect of local networks on highway corridors. An iterative algorithm is developed to solve for the exact solution. Then, to address the potential computational issues that arise therein, a decomposition method is proposed by introducing a new concept of corridor elasticity. An assignment procedure for long-distance passenger traffic is developed accordingly. Numerical tests show that the proposed decomposition method makes significant improvements in computational performance at a small loss of optimality. This decomposition method well approximates the exact assignment from the traditional formulation, especially when the highway corridors are near-saturation. The proposed decomposition method appears practical for application. 相似文献
75.
基于多旅行商问题,增设集散中心需求及应急服务设施资源容量约束条件,以最小化遍历区域内全部集散中心的综合旅行时间成本为优化目标,构建一种应急设施服务区划分模型,确定各应急设施的服务区范围.设计一种复合算法求解模型,首先基于P-中值选址模型的优化理念,形成初始方案;继而加入禁忌搜索算法,结合LKH求解器对模型进行迭代优化求得最优解.基于宁波市北仑区实际拓扑网络进行案例分析,验证了模型和求解方法的有效性. 相似文献
76.
Locating emergency vehicles with an approximate queuing model and a meta-heuristic solution approach
In this paper, the location of emergency service (ES) vehicles is studied on fully connected networks. Queuing theory is utilized to obtain the performance metrics of the system. An approximate queuing model the (AQM) is proposed. For the AQM, different service rate formulations are constructed. These formulations are tested with a simulation study for different approximation levels. A mathematical model is proposed to minimize the mean response time of ES systems based on AQM. In the model, multiple vehicles are allowed at a single location. The objective function of the model has no closed form expression. A genetic algorithm is constructed to solve the model. With the help of the genetic algorithm, the effect of assigning multiple vehicles on the mean response time is reported. 相似文献
77.
集结模式决定了货车集结过程的结束条件,定点集结是一种高效率的集结方式,有利于提高运输质量.针对放宽条件定点集结模式下编组站车辆集结过程,建立离散时间批到达批服务排队模型,利用嵌入式马尔可夫链方法求得离去时刻瞬时系统集结车辆队长分布,并求得任意时刻车辆集结队长分布,在此基础上分别分析了最小编成辆数,车组大小分布,车流到达强度,服务时间间隔分布对车辆平均集结队长,集结延误时间,效率,一昼夜发送车流量等系统指标的影响.分析结果表明,各因素对车辆集结排队系统影响明显.因此,利用本文提出的模型能为编组站的精细化管理和车流组织优化提供决策参考. 相似文献
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To curb emissions, containerized shipping lines face the traditional trade-off between cost and emissions (CO2 and SOx) reduction. This paper considers this element in the context of liner service design and proposes a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model based on a multi-commodity pickup and delivery arc-flow formulation. The objective is to maximize the profit by selecting the ports to be visited, the sequence of port visit, the cargo flows between ports, as well as the number/operating speeds of vessels on each arc of the selected route. The problem also considers that Emission Control Areas (ECAs) exist in the liner network and accounts for the vessel carrying capacity. In addition to using the MILP solver of CPLEX, we develop in the paper a specific genetic algorithm (GA) based heuristic and show that it gives the possibility to reach an optimal solution when solving large size instances. 相似文献
79.
Marine transportation is a vital component of the world’s economy and transportation network. The number of people using passenger ships around the globe is increasing worldwide. Similar to other transportation systems, passenger safety is critical in maritime shipment. As emergency evacuation processes for ships are highly different from and more complicated than those for buildings and other vehicles, many researchers have published a vast range of documents related to this peculiar research area. However, there is a tangible lack of sufficient literature review studies that investigate marine emergency evacuation (MEE). That being the case, the potential of marine transportation and the effect of emergency evacuation operation on life safety have inspired the proposal of this study. This paper offers a review of the available literature on MEE modelling, analysis and planning during the period from 1973 to 2017 using a systematic approach. After reviewing relevant academic journals, peer-reviewed conference papers, and technical reports of agencies, relevant literature is analysed. In addition, the literature review is extended by means of proposing a framework methodology which considers different possible conditions and situations during MEE. Finally, insights for ship managers and policymakers are discussed and potential future research directions are identified. 相似文献
80.
POC语音调度系统在朔黄铁路运营生产中发挥了重要作用,本文为朔黄POC语音调度系统设计了一种语音服务质量评价指标体系,并详细描述了各指标的计算公式和测试方法,为朔黄铁路LTE系统服务质量检测评价提供指导和支撑。 相似文献