LPG/汽油双燃料发动机台架试验研究

对两种汽油机和在其基础之上改装成的LPG(液化石油气 )发动机进行了性能对比试验和理论分析。试验结果表明 ,LPG主要优点是降低了CO和HC排放。但并不是所有结构的汽油机都有同样的改善效果 ,还取决于原机结构与LPG燃料特征的适配性。     

粉煤灰高性能混凝土养护方法的试验研究

试验研究了标准养护、自然养护、浸水养护以及一种带模供水养护方法对粉煤灰高性能混凝土的强度和收缩的影响，研究表明：早期供水养护对粉煤灰高性能混凝土的强度和收缩有极大的影响；带模供水养护是一种有效抑制混凝土收缩的养护方法，在养护水中使用减缩剂有减小收缩的作用。     

轮胎在沙地上牵引特性的新预测模型

本文分析了汽车在松软地面上行驶时轮台的受力状态及轮胎单元与土壤的相互作用方式，揭示了轮胎在松软地面上牵引特性传充预测模型的不足之处，建立了轮胎在沙地上牵引特性的新预测模型，并进行了实验验证。结果表明，采用本文所建立的模型进行预测时，预测值与实测值更接近。     

温度和麻醉对神经几种兴奋性指标的影响——兼论何者可以正确反映兴奋性

在蟾蜍坐骨神经-腓神经观察了温度和麻醉对几种兴奋性指标的影响。结果表明,标准电量(a)随兴奋性的变化而有规律地变化。兴奋性愈高。a值愈小。而Weiss式中的b、基强度(Rh)、时值(Chr)及强度—时间曲线均不能正确反映兴奋性。细胞膜时间常数(RC)与兴奋性的变化无规律性联系。结论,a是兴奋性的可靠定量指标。     

大规模施工对城市路网交通影响评估技术研究

传统的施工期交通组织研究一般只针对单个建设项目，而城市在举办特别重大活动之前往往有一轮建设高潮，形成大范围集中性施工，对城市路网运行的影响很大，需从全局角度系统性评估其交通影响。针对大批量建设项目同时施工对路网整体的交通影响，提出了路网敏感路段划分、路网通行能力损失测算、基于交通模型推演的交通拥堵指数预测等评估技术，并在杭州“迎亚运”重大基础设施建设中予以运用，应用效果较好。     

重庆地区典型土石混合体回填土区隧道围岩分级研究

为对重庆地区典型土石混合体回填土区隧道围岩进行分级，通过室内基本物理性质试验获得土石混合体回填土的天然密度、干密度、含水率、含石量等基本物理参数指标，通过室内大型直剪试验和大型三轴试验获得土石混合体回填土的强度和变形等力学特性随含水率、含石量、围压等因素的变化规律，并基于室内试验结果，分别以含水率和含石量为分类指标，对重庆地区土石混合体回填土进行分类，提出适用于重庆地区土石混合体回填土的围岩分级指标和方法。主要结论有： 1）重庆地区的土石混合体回填土属于级配不良的土体； 2）随着含水率的增大，土石混合体的黏聚力和内摩擦角都逐渐降低，且均表现为先快后慢的规律； 3）随着含石量的增大，土石混合体的内摩擦角呈慢-快-慢的增大规律，而黏聚力呈先快后慢的降低规律； 4）对于重庆地区的土石混合体回填土，其围岩分级指标重点选用含水率和含石量； 5）对重庆地区土石混合体围岩进一步细分为Ⅳ、Ⅴa、Ⅴb 3级，其中Ⅴa级和Ⅴb级分别为Ⅴ级稍好和Ⅴ级稍差围岩。     

船体钢焊接接头的韧性要求与控制

在实验室条件下,以ＦＴＰ准则为判据,对潜艇耐压壳体母材韧性进行了测评,并重点就焊接接头性能是否符合壳体抗爆要求的问题进行了小试样实验研究和理论分析,最后根据有关试验结果给出了接头质量控制的合理焊接工艺参数。     

关于天津港泥沙回淤程度的评价

关于港口泥沙回淤程度的评价指标与标准,国内、外目前尚无专著文献.依据天津港多年的有关资料,采用“挖泥吞吐比”、“淤强水深比”两个指标,提出了港口泥沙回淤程度的分类标准,并对天津港总体和分区的回淤程度进行了评定.     

The impacts of changing flight demands and throughput performance on airport delays through the Great Recession

Several significant events between 2007 and 2009 impacted flight demands and the abilities of the three major New York area airports to handle demand. This paper assesses the results of applying a probabilistic simulation method – which isolates the individual contributions of changes in flight demand and changes in airport throughput performance to changes in flight delays – to diagnose how these different events may have caused operational changes at these airports, and in turn, how the results may be used to inform policies for appropriate countermeasures. The analysis revealed two key observations. Firstly, certain patterns in throughput performance shifts caused the most significant delays, and were more likely to have been caused by controller staffing issues rather than caps. Secondly, relatively constant average delays from one year to the next may result from significant demand drops accompanied by large throughput performance degradations at an airport. This suggests that not only operational limitations on capacity encourage airlines to reduce schedules, but that changed demands can also impact throughput performance. Overall, the analysis indicates that caps may not have provided their fully intended delay benefits. Although they successfully reduced overall flight demands at LGA and JFK, they also directly limited throughput performance at critical times, in turn limiting delay benefits. In addition, demands at the busiest times of the day appear to be relatively inelastic to these operational limitations, insofar as demand profiles at EWR and JFK remained “peaky” in 2008 and 2009. Also, the recession was largely responsible for reducing demands at the airports in 2009, but the delay benefits of this were dampened by a corresponding throughput performance degradation. Based on the above observations, a more direct demand management policy combined with policies that focus on maintaining high staffing capabilities at critical times of the day may be considered, to reduce the likelihood of major queue formation on days that do experience sustained demands. The results also suggest that a more flexible caps system, particularly during times of heavy queues, could be explored. Although airport practitioners have keen understandings of how their airports operate, without the support of quantitative analysis tools, it can be more difficult to argue the need for appropriate countermeasures. An analysis such as the one presented here can provide the detailed quantitative substantiation required to build cases for these targeted policy directives and infrastructure investments.     

Logistic performance evaluation of provinces in Turkey: A GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis

Logistics performance evaluation of provinces is considered in this study. To do so, a three-step solution approach is developed: (i) determination of 16 geographic and economic indicators, (ii) using geographic information system to assign a logistics score and (iii) prioritizing the indicators and ranking the provinces using multi-criteria decision analysis tools. Proposed methodology is applied to 81 provinces in Turkey as a case study. Results show that the provinces of Istanbul, Izmir, and Hatay are the pioneers. The proposed methodology provides the ability to analyze the impacts of indicators on logistics performance and create a logistics performance map of countries.