成人界嵴形态与组织结构的观察

目的　观察和测量人右心房界嵴和梳状肌的形态和组织结构 ,以探讨其可能的功能。方法　肉眼观察、测量界嵴与梳状肌的有关形态学数据。利用光学显微镜 ,通过HE、Masson和磷钨酸 苏木素染色 ,对界嵴的细胞形态和纤维方向等进行细致观察。结果　①根据界嵴的隆起状况 ,界嵴可分为 4类 :A .全程隆起 (18.6 % ) ;B .上 2 / 3隆起 ,下1/ 3平坦 (2 7.9% ) ;C .上 1/ 3隆起 ,下 2 / 3平坦 (34.88% ) ;D .全程平坦 (18.6 % )。②界嵴的肌纤维可分深、浅两层 ,深层肌纤维纵行 ,与界嵴长轴平行 ;浅层纤维横行 ,仅见于界嵴的中、下部 ,深 浅层纤维之间互相联系。在界嵴各处可见P样细胞。③根据梳状肌的起止和走行 ,梳状肌可分为 3型 :汇聚型、网状型和混合型。结论　窦房结上、下及其深面借过渡纤维与界嵴的普通肌纤维相互联系 ,界嵴纤维可能与结间冲动传导有关。梳状肌走行方向的多样性 ,可能与临床上心脏电流传导的多向异性有关     

全血环孢素A浓度荧光偏振免疫法监测及评价

应用特异性单克隆抗体荧光偏振免疫法（ＭＡＦＰＩＡ）对６８例肾移植患者进行３６２次临床环孢素Ａ（ＣｓＡ）全血药物浓度监测。结果表明：合并用药会影响ＣｓＡ全血浓度。术后时间与ＣｓＡ全血浓度有一定关系。ＭＡＦＰＩＡ是一种简便、快速、准确的监测方法，对指导临床鉴别排异与中毒反应以及个体化给药，具有重要意义。     

PROLIFERATION AND MIGRATION OF EPENDYMAL CELLS IN THE BRAIN OF ADULT RATS AFTER PERMANENT FOCAL CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA

Objective Ependymal cells are thought to be the primary source of neural stem cells in the adult central nervous system. The purpose of this study is to examine spatial and temporal profiles of ependymal cell proliferation and migration after focal cerebral ischemia. Methods Eighty male Sprague Dawley rats underwent permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion after injection of 10/μL of 0.2% Dil into the lateral ventricle. Rats were sacrificed and brain sections were acquired for pathological evaluation and laser confocal imaging at day 1,3,7,11,14,21 and 28 after ischemia. Results The density of Dil-labeled cells in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone was significantly higher than that in the control group and these labeled cells dispersed in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone and/or were located in ependyma from day 1 to 11. In the ischemic ipsilateral cortex, some Diilabeled cells occurred in peri-infarction and infarction of parietal region at day14 and peaked at day 21 when some Dil-labeled cell nodules were found in this region. During postischemic day 14--28, a significant decrease in labeled celldensity in the ischemic ipsilateral subventricular zone was coincident with a significant increase in labeled cells density in the cortex (peri-infarction and infarction). Conclusion The results indicate that ependymal cells proliferate and migrate after focal cerebral ischemia in the adult rat brain.     

白川胶囊对清醒大鼠血压的影响

目的　观察白川胶囊的急慢性降压作用。方法　以间接测压法测量清醒大鼠尾动脉血压 :①测量自发性高血压大鼠 (SHR)多次灌胃白川胶囊的血压变化 ,观察其慢性降压作用 ;②测量肾性高血压大鼠 1次灌胃白川胶囊后 1、2、4、6、8h的血压值 ,观察其急性降压作用。结果　①连续 2 0d灌胃白川胶囊 0 6或 0 3g/kg均明显降低SHR的血压 ,白川胶囊 0 1 5 g/kg也有一定降压作用 ;② 1次性灌胃白川胶囊 0 6或 0 3g/kg均明显降低肾性高血压大鼠血压 ,白川胶囊0 1 5 g/kg也有降压作用。结论　白川胶囊有明显的急慢性降压作用。     

反义C-myc寡核苷酸对人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721的生长抑制

针对C－mycmRNA第二外显子起站码AUG及下游4个密码子设计合成了反斗、正义及错配寡核苷酸（ODNS），并对合成的ODNs进行了疏代磷酸化修饰。在人肝癌细胞SMMC－7721培养体系中，对反义寡核苷酸（ASODN）抑制细胞增殖的作用进行了研究。发现①与正义和错配ODNs相比较，反义C－mycODN有明显抑制人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721生长的作用;②该生长抑制作用随ASODN剂量增加而增强，随ASODN作用时间而变化;③流式细胞计数仅测定证明反义C－mycODN主要阻断肝癌细胞增殖周期的G1到S期。结果提示：反斗C－mycODN在体外有序列特异性和细胞周期特异性抑制人肝癌细胞的生长作用，且该抑制作用与ASODN作用时间及剂量有关。     

用碱性裂解法提取人血凝块中基因组DNA

目的建立一种新的从人血凝块中提取基因组DNA的方法。方法血凝块于室温自然解冻,匀浆,碱消化,酚氯仿抽提,电泳检测。结果用碱性裂解法从人血凝块中成功提取到基因组DNA,提取的DNA质量浓度平均为0.46 g/L,且吸光度比值A260/A280>1.8,选取人Gpx-1基因作PCR获得满意的目的片段。结论用碱性裂解法提取的基因组DNA的总量较高,提取效率高,PCR扩增效果好,可很好的应用于血凝块基因组DNA的提取。     

PROPERTIES OF PROLIFERATION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF NEONATAL RAT RETINAL PROGENITOR CELLS IN VITRO

Objective To investigate the properties of proliferation and differentiation of neonatal rat retinal progenitor cells （RPCs） in vitro. Methods RPCs were isolated from neonatal SD rats neural retina and cultured in DMEM/F12 ＋ N2 with EGF and bFGF （suspension medium ） or 10 % FBS without EGF and bFGF （ differentiation medium）. The cells grew as suspended spheres or adherent monolayers, depending on different culture conditions. The neural stem cells or retinal progenitors, neurons, astrocytes, retinal ganglion cells, rod photoreceptors and the proliferating cells were evaluated with immunofluorescence analysis by Nestin or Pax6, Map2, GFAP, Thy-1, Rhodopsin and BrdU antibodies respectively. Results RPCs could propagate and differentiate in suspension or differentiation medium and express the markers of Nestin （92.86%） or Pax6 （86.75%）, Map2 （38.54%）, GFAP （20.93%）, Thy-1 （27. 66%） and Rhodopsin（13. 33%）in suspension medium; however, Nestin （60.27%）, Pax6 （52%）, Map2 （34.94%）, GFAP （38.17%）, Thy-1 （30.84%） and Rhodopsin （34.67%） in differentiation medium. 96.4 % of the population in the neurospheres was BrdU-positive cells. The cells could spontaneously adherent forming some subspheres and retinal specific cell types. Conclusion Neonatal rat RPCs possess the high degree of proliferation and can differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, retinal ganglion cells and rod photoreceptors in vitro. There are different proportions for RPCs to differentiate into specific cell types.     

连续性血液净化枸橼酸体外抗凝技术在高危出血患者中的应用

目的研究枸橼酸体外抗凝技术行连续性血液净化(continuous blood purification,CBP)的抗凝效果,解决高危出血倾向患者需行CBP时抗凝难的问题。方法32例高危出血倾向患者随机分为A、B两组,每组16例。均行CBP治疗,均采用枸橼酸抗凝剂为碱基的置换液。A组患者置换液输注速度为2 000 mL/h,血流量200 mL/min,枸橼酸浓度为13.3 mmol/L;B组置换液输注速度为4 000 mL/h,血流量250 mL/min,枸橼酸浓度为7 mmol/L。通过外周静脉补充钙剂。监测患者每日治疗前及结束时全血活化凝血时间(WBACT)、血气分析、血清离子钙及总钙水平。结果32例患者共行CBP治疗112次,总治疗时间1 238.3 h;置换液输入前WBACT与治疗前差异不显著,输入置换液后两组滤器后WBACT(s)较滤器前在2、4、6 h各时间点的延长均有显著性差异(P<0.01);治疗后患者碱剩余(BE)及pH无大幅度上升,无碱中毒出现;治疗前后血清总钙、离子钙水平无显著变化;不加重全身出血倾向,无其他严重不良反应。结论枸橼酸体外抗凝技术能解决高危出血倾向患者行CBP时抗凝难题。     

人类宫颈癌中白细胞介素-6与髓样细胞白血病-1表达的相关性及临床意义

目的研究白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、髓样细胞白血病-1(MCL-1)蛋白及MCL-1mRNA在宫颈癌、癌前病变及正常宫颈组织中的表达情况及其相关性。方法采用免疫组化法检测30例宫颈鳞癌、10例宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)及10例正常宫颈组织中IL-6和MCL-1蛋白表达情况,采用逆转录PCR法检测组织中MCL-1 mRNA的表达情况。结果IL-6和MCL-1蛋白在宫颈癌组织中的表达高于正常宫颈组织及CIN组织(P<0.01),且IL-6和MCL-1蛋白的表达呈正相关性(r=0.566,P<0.01);MCL-1蛋白与MCL-1mRNA表达呈正相关性(r=0.772,P<0.01)。结论IL-6和MCL-1的表达在宫颈癌的发生、发展过程中起着共同调节作用,这一发现有助于对早期癌前病变的筛查,并为宫颈癌的治疗提供了一个细胞因子靶点。     

长江流域水质的综合评价与预测

长江流域水质演变过程可看成是一个具有多节点,向下流关联的复杂网络系统。本文运用统计学的统计推断原理及复杂系统理论,对长江近两年的水质情况作定量的综合评价。