A Trip Reconstruction Tool for GPS-based Personal Travel Surveys

ABSTRACT

This article reports on the development of a trip reconstruction software tool for use in GPS-based personal travel surveys. Specifically, the tool enables the automatic processing of GPS traces of individual survey respondents in order to identify the road links traveled and modes used by each respondent for individual trips. Identifying the links is based on a conventional GIS-based map-matching algorithm and identifying the modes is a rule-based algorithm using attributes of four modes (walk, bicycle, bus and passenger-car). The tool was evaluated using GPS travel data collected for the study and a multi-modal transportation network model of downtown Toronto. The results show that the tool correctly detected about 79% of all links traveled and 92% of all trip modes.     

浅论高校个人所得税的税收筹划

随着高校产学研以及校企合作等模式的进一步深化,高校教师的收入来源渠道变得多样化,因此高校税收筹划具有了一定的空间,通过认真研究并积极开展税收筹划工作,在不违反税法的前提可让高校教职工获得最大的税后利益。     

人力资源管理中的职权和个人权利

本文探讨了人力资源管理中的两种权利形式,一是职位权力,即职权;二是领导者作为个体所具有的影响力,即个人权力。论文认为有效的管理应该把职权和个人权力两种形式的权力结合起来,充分利用个人权力来影响职工、激励职工。本文还探讨了领导者个人权力的形成和内涵。     

The influence of personal security fears on women's travel patterns

This paper investigates the influence that women's fears and apprehension about attack and harassment have on use of transport facilities. After initial consideration of the factors that most affect perceived risk, the personal security aspects of different modes are reviewed by reference to a survey conducted in Southampton in 1986. High levels of perceived insecurity were found, particularly for walking at night, in parks and subways and when waiting for public transport services in isolated areas. The conclusions argue that personal security is an important but neglected issue, deserving of greater attention by transport planners.     

A General Attribute and Rule Based Role-Based Access Control Model

Growing numbers of users and many access control policies which involve many different resource attributes in service-oriented environments bring various problems in protecting resource.This paper analyzes the relationships of resource attributes to user attributes in all policies, and propose a general attribute and rule based role-based access control(GAR-RBAC) model to meet the security needs. The model can dynamically assign users to roles via rules to meet the need of growing numbers of users. These rules use different attribute expression and permission as a part of authorization constraints, and are defined by analyzing relations of resource attributes to user attributes in many access policies that are defined by the enterprise. The model is a general access control model, and can support many access control policies, and also can be used to wider application for service. The paper also describes how to use the GAR-RBAC model in Web service environments.     

道路地形动态三维可视化及相关属性查询研究

采用CDT理论建立道路与地形整体模型,并转化成格网模型进行三维显示;采用小波算法对格网地形模型进行简化,成功应用在道路三维场景实时浏览中;根据OpenGL技术原理,解决了三维空间数据与地物属性数据库的连接;在三维空间中,通过鼠标点击获取三维空间目标,再从地物属性数据库中返回此目标的属性数据,供设计者参考.     

基于综合赋权多属性决策的养护路段优化

结合多属性决策原理,提出一种基于Spearman等级相关系数的综合赋权优化方法,对养护路段进行合理排序,使有限资金发挥最大效益,具有重要意义.     

无决策属性的多属性决策权重融合方法

针对无决策属性的多属性决策系统的2种属性权重分配方法(主观赋权法和客观赋权法)的缺陷，提出了一种新的权重融合方法．该方法通过建立数学规划模型，用遗传算法寻求其全局最优解，以确定最佳的主客观权重融合方案，从而可以避免权重融合时人为偏好的影响．最后，给出了1个实例．     

基于GIS的机场道面管理系统

总结国内外建立机场道面管理系统的先进经验，根据机场道面管理和GIS的特点，构建了机场道面管理系统的基本结构和机场的分区管理模式，研究了建立机场道面的空间数据库和属性数据库的方法及其管理方法，介绍了系统关于GIS的主要功能。实践证明该方法符合实际．对建立基于GIS的机场道面管理系统是可行的。     

基于决策场理论的出行者动态决策行为研究

为了研究出行者进行路径选择时的动态决策过程,本文采用决策场理论,研究 了多属性条件下,机动车出行者的微观和宏观动态决策行为.分析了决策场理论的基本模 型,构建了出行者动态决策行为场景和框架,以历史出行时间、预测出行时间和两者综合 值作为出行者决策的路径属性,并根据属性与实际出行时间的差值为依据,提出了出行 者注意力权重矩阵计算方法.通过算例分析发现,自由流出行时间对出行者决策影响较 大,出行者对路径属性的依赖性非常强,决策过程中存在路径偏好反转的现象,表明出行 者动态决策过程是随时间不断变化的,路径选择是时间累计的结果.