半开放式差速器的原理及结构优势的探讨

家用汽车与它的四个轮子作为一个整体,在没有打滑的情况下,彼此之间是遵守"同动"效应的,四轮之间的差异只在于运动快慢,即变化的转速比。差速器提供的不限制的转速差远超正常行驶需要,带来了汽车驱动轮单侧空转的弊端并无解。为了解决此种弊端,差速锁直接锁死差速器帮助车子脱困。差速锁不去解决差速器多余转速差,而是关闭差速器消除全部转速差,原理上就走错了方向,这使得它无论采取怎样的工作方式,都很难达到一个理想的效果。而半开放式差速器,在差速器基础上砍掉多余的转速比,原理上这才是正确的方向。     

郑万高速铁路小三峡隧道选线分析

铁路选线应结合地形地貌、不良地质、工程条件、工程造价、施工及运营风险等“全寿命周期”进行综合比较。本文在充分吸取复杂艰险山区减灾选线经验的基础上,以郑万高速铁路最长、最复杂的小三峡隧道为工程背景,开展隧道穿齐耀山背斜岩溶地质发育地段的选线研究,并创新提出“三维地质选线”方法,即隧道平面选线、隧道纵断面选线和隧道横断面选线,供类似项目参考借鉴。     

跨断层独塔斜拉桥的非线性地震响应特性研究

跨越活动断层的桥梁结构面临地震时断层错动的严重威胁.为合理模拟跨断层地震动的滑冲效应脉冲,基于近断层脉冲型地震动的分解-叠加方法,发展了一种可体现场地高频特征的跨断层地震动合成方法.首次采用最大位移与永久位移之比作为波形参数,基于搜集的96条包含永久位移的地震记录,建立了波形参数与脉冲参数之间的联系.结果表明:所建议方...     

天津富民桥主缆初张力的探讨

天津富民桥主桥为单塔空间索面自锚式悬索桥,主缆在主跨采用三维曲线线形,吊索在横桥方向为倾斜布置.主缆初张力对该桥空间缆索体系施工方案有根本影响.重点探讨主缆初张力对该桥主索鞍与散索套安装、主缆架设、调索与体系转换等施工环节的影响问题.     

某大跨径双塔单索面矮塔斜拉桥动载试验研究

以某大跨径双塔单索面矮塔斜拉桥为依托工程开展数值仿真分析、动载试验和相关比较分析。分析结果表明:实测主梁前四阶竖向弯曲自振频率均比理论计算值大,结构有一定的刚度储备;实测主梁前四阶振型与计算振型基本吻合,未见明显变异区段;该桥梁的动力特性符合设计要求。在无障碍行车工况下,该桥测试部位的冲击系数均大于计算冲击系数,基本随车速的提高而提高;在制动试验和有障碍行车工况下,该桥测试部位的冲击系数相对较大,表明当桥面不平整时,桥面行车对桥梁结构的冲击效应将明显增大。对于结构基频较小的大跨径矮塔斜拉桥,按《公路桥涵设计通用规范》(JTG D60-2015)对桥梁冲击系数取值偏不安全或安全储备偏小,有待进一步研究和探讨。     

Connectivity-based optimization of vehicle route and speed for improved fuel economy

Traditionally, vehicle route planning problem focuses on route optimization based on traffic data and surrounding environment. This paper proposes a novel extended vehicle route planning problem, called vehicle macroscopic motion planning (VMMP) problem, to optimize vehicle route and speed simultaneously using both traffic data and vehicle characteristics to improve fuel economy for a given expected trip time. The required traffic data and neighbouring vehicle dynamic parameters can be collected through the vehicle connectivity (e.g. vehicle-to-vehicle, vehicle-to-infrastructure, vehicle-to-cloud, etc.) developed rapidly in recent years. A genetic algorithm based co-optimization method, along with an adaptive real-time optimization strategy, is proposed to solve the proposed VMMP problem. It is able to provide the fuel economic route and reference speed for drivers or automated vehicles to improve the vehicle fuel economy. A co-simulation model, combining a traffic model based on SUMO (Simulation of Urban MObility) with a Simulink powertrain model, is developed to validate the proposed VMMP method. Four simulation studies, based on a real traffic network, are conducted for validating the proposed VMMP: (1) ideal traffic environment without traffic light and jam for studying the fuel economy improvement, (2) traffic environment with traffic light for validating the proposed traffic light penalty model, (3) traffic environment with traffic light and jam for validating the proposed adaptive real-time optimization strategy, and (4) investigating the effect of different powertrain platforms to fuel economy using two different vehicle platforms. Simulation results show that the proposed VMMP method is able to improve vehicle fuel economy significantly. For instance, comparing with the fastest route, the fuel economy using the proposed VMMP method is improved by up to 15%.     

水筒中直线涡运动的理论探讨

本文讨论了正方形截面水筒中直线涡的运动。当涡线不位于水筒的轴中心线上时,数值计算指出,它在水筒横截面上的运动轨迹为近似螺旋线。若直线涡位于水简轴中心线附近,则轨迹为一个近似圆。本文详细讨论了水筒轴中心线的直线涡的运动稳定性,其结论是在除零波数外的任意波数扰动下,该涡线总能保持在轴中心线上,运动是稳定的。零波数扰动情况与不在水筒轴中心线上的直线涡运动情况一样,将逐渐偏离水筒轴中心线。     

人心脏心室分段的探讨

利用冠状动脉铸型和注射的方法,对60例人心脏心室的分段进行了研究。根据左、右冠状动脉及其分支的供应范围以及自然缺血管缝即段间平面,能够把心脏分为左、右室半心,每室半心再各分为三段。右室半心包括右室前段、右缘段和后室间段;左室半心由前室间段、左缘段和左室后段组成。六个段间平面是前、后冠间平面,右前和右后、左前和左后段间平面。     

多点系泊船舶在波浪中的运动及其系泊力

运用理论方法研究多点系泊船舶在波浪中的运动及其系泊力,建立了多点系泊船舶在波浪作用下的运动和系泊力的计算模型和求解方法,提出了带浮筒的链系的特性计算方法。采用时域计算解决链系的非线性问题。通过模型试验验证计算方法的精度和可靠性,开发了可供工程计算的计算程序。     

大型静压球面轴承设计研究

介绍了大型静压球面轴承的设计。该轴承用于水翼船翼柱自位球承动载模拟试验机的加载装置,其加载力大,可满足回转和摇摆振荡复合运动要求。