道路线形因素对交通安全的影响

分析了道路平面线形、纵断面线形、平纵线形组合等因素对交通安全的影响,提出了道路线形设计中应注意的具体问题,并认为应当把道路线形影响交通安全的理念贯彻到道路设计的全过程之中。     

波浪运动补偿稳定平台系统液压机构的仿真试验

利用Simulink仿真软件对该系统的液压补偿机构进行了仿真试验研究,并采用了PID控制、模糊控制和Fuzzy-PI复合控制三种控制算法进行比较。仿真结果表明,Fuzzy-PI复合控制的控制效果均优于常规的PID控制和模糊控制,是一种有效的控制算法;但系统还存在着一定的滞后,还需要改进。     

车辆-轨道-桥梁系统竖向运动方程的建立

视车辆、轨道和桥梁为整个系统,将车辆模拟为由弹簧和阻尼器连接的多刚体,钢轨和桥梁均模拟为Bernoulli Euler梁,钢轨和桥梁之间的钢轨基础用连续的弹簧和阻尼器模拟。应用弹性系统动力学总势能不变值原理和形成矩阵的"对号入座"法则,建立了4轴双层悬挂系统车辆的车辆 轨道 桥梁单元和系统的竖向运动方程。与传统的方法(分别建立车辆运动方程,轨道和桥梁运动方程,这两种方程通过轮轨相互作用力耦合)相比,该方法能直接得到车辆 轨道 桥梁单元和系统的运动方程。举例说明了轨道表面不平顺对车辆、钢轨、桥梁以及车辆与钢轨之间接触力的动力响应的影响。     

浮式生产储油船锚泊定位性能计算

应用计算锚链的悬链线方程和计算船舶运动的格林函数方法的耦合数值方法，对一锚泊的浮式生产储油船进行了定位性能计算，给出了自由状态与锚泊状态系统的运动响应特性的对比、不同状态与工况的锚泊浮体的运动性能参数以及锚链承受的张力等计算结果。研究成果可以为浮式生产储油船锚泊系统设计、校核计算和锚泊系统形式与参数优化提供初步计算结果以及用于设计方案的比较。     

抗蛇行减振器在高速列车上的应用

讨论了抗蛇行减振器在高速列车上的应用,分析了抗蛇行减振器的特性,给出了减振器阻尼系数和卸荷的范围,特别提到了减振器的串联刚度问题。对抗蛇行减振器的安装位置也提出了建议,并阐述了抗蛇行减振器的安高度对车体结构弯曲振动的影响。     

变幅多轴应力状态的等效变程计数法

高周变幅多轴随机载荷下的疲劳寿命预测是一种非常复杂的问题,其中应力谱的可靠性是关键之一, 而应力谱又与所采用的计数法息息相关。通过定义主应力角及主应力比,研究了变幅多轴应力状态的多轴特征 图;提出了一种基于临界面概念的等效变程计数法,分析比较了用该方法与传统雨流计数法进行焊接构架寿命 计算的结果。     

超平面滤波算法在卫星姿态确定中的应用

基于状态估计法的陀螺仪／星敏感器组合卫星姿态测量系统，采用传统卡尔曼滤波算法进行状态估计。但由于卡尔曼滤波算法存在较大误差，因此提出采用超平面调整卡尔曼滤波器的方法提高估计精度。通过仿真证明，该方案既能抑制滤波发散，又能提高卫星姿态确定系统估计精度。     

The estimation of wave elevation and wave disturbance caused by the wave orbital motion of a fully submerged hydrofoil craft

The current control system of a fully submerged hydrofoil craft has manual input of fore-foil depth and control mode selection to improve the performance of the control system. However, the manual input needs skillful human operation and observation of waves the encountered to work well over a wide range of waves. In order to use information about the waves encountered in the control system, we considered the estimation of wave elevation and wave disturbance which was caused by the orbital motion of the waves in irregular waves. First, we investigated the wave disturbance by a fully submerged hydrofoil craft, in a state-space model of wave disturbance, and in hydrofoil craft motion, etc. We than considered estimations of the wave elevation and wave disturbance using a shaping filter, a Kalman filter, an autoregressive (AR) model, etc. Finally, we confirmed through simulations that the estimation results and estimation error of wave elevation and wave disturbance were valid.     

Second-order sliding mode controller with model reference adaptation for automatic train operation

In this paper, a new approach to model reference based adaptive second-order sliding mode control together with adaptive state feedback is presented to control the longitudinal dynamic motion of a high speed train for automatic train operation with the objective of minimal jerk travel by the passengers. The nonlinear dynamic model for the longitudinal motion of the train comprises of a locomotive and coach subsystems is constructed using multiple point-mass model by considering the forces acting on the vehicle. An adaptation scheme using Lyapunov criterion is derived to tune the controller gains by considering a linear, stable reference model that ensures the stability of the system in closed loop. The effectiveness of the controller tracking performance is tested under uncertain passenger load, coupler-draft gear parameters, propulsion resistance coefficients variations and environmental disturbances due to side wind and wet rail conditions. The results demonstrate improved tracking performance of the proposed control scheme with a least jerk under maximum parameter uncertainties when compared to constant gain second-order sliding mode control.