论OTN网络规划设计及在铁路中的应用

在简要分析OTN技术特点的基础上,探讨OTN网络规划设计流程,分析网络规划设计中的基本四要素,及OTN在铁路上的应用。     

关于OTN纠错前误码率随机波动问题的分析

根据光传输通信工程建设的实例,针对高速率光传输系统内Rn参考点纠错前误码率随机波动变化问题进行分析,阐述光缆偏振模色散对于该问题的影响,介绍具体的分析处理过程,并提出解决措施和建议。     

Characteristics of speed dispersion and its relationship to fundamental traffic flow parameters

Speed dispersion is essential for transportation research but inaccessible to certain sensors that simply record density, mean speed, and/or flow. An alternative is to relate speed dispersion with these available parameters. This paper is compiled from nearly a quarter million observations on an urban freeway and a resulting data-set with two speed dispersion measures and the three fundamental parameters. Data are examined individually by lane and aggregately by direction. The first dispersion measure, coefficient of variation of speed, is found to be exponential with density, negative exponential with mean speed, and two-phase linear to flow. These empirical relationships are proven to be general for a variety of coefficient ranges under the above function forms. The second measure, standard deviation of speed, does not present any simple relationships to the fundamental parameters, and its maximum occurs at around a half to two-thirds of the free flow speed. Speed dispersion may be significantly different by lane.     

基于虚拟车队的自动交叉路口车辆时序优化模型

智能网联汽车可通过彼此交互协同安全地通过交叉路口,自动交叉路口控制已成为未来发展趋势。为解决现有基于预约的自动交叉路口控制模型未全局优化车辆通过顺序及模型非线性导致求解效率低等问题,提出一种基于虚拟车队的自动交叉路口车辆时序优化模型,实现车辆通过时序的高效全局优化。首先,为构建到达安全时间间隔约束,基于车辆冲突分析计算交叉口进口道停车线到各相互作用点的距离。其次,为便于建模和求解,基于时间维度构建虚拟车队并形成车辆索引序列。然后,以交叉口车辆总延误最小为优化目标,车辆通过控制区段的最小行程时间和到达冲突区域边界的安全间隔为约束条件,构建自动交叉路口车辆通过时序非线性优化模型。在此基础上,引入0-1变量将该模型转化为混合整数线性规划模型,并基于开源求解器CBC对模型进行求解。最后,设计数值仿真试验验证模型的有效性并进行了模型的参数敏感性分析。研究结果表明:所构建模型在不同交通需求下优化效果均优于基于"先到先服务"规则的模型,车均延误和最大单车延误能够减少61.50%和39.73%;当安全间距和优化周期较大时,构建模型的延误控制效果更为显著;模型和算法为未来智能网联环境下自动交叉路口控制提供了一种可选的方法。     

Estimating near-road pollutant dispersion: A model inter-comparison

A model inter-comparison study to assess the abilities of steady-state Gaussian dispersion models to capture near-road pollutant dispersion has been carried out with four models (AERMOD, run with both the area-source and volume-source options to represent roadways, CALINE, versions 3 and 4, ADMS and RLINE). Two field tracer studies are used: the Idaho Falls tracer study and the Caltrans Highway 99 tracer study. Model performance measures are calculated using concentrations (observed and estimated) that are paired in time and space, since many of the health related questions involve outcomes associated with spatially and temporally distributed human activities. All four models showed an ability to estimate the majority of downwind concentrations within a factor of two of the observations. RLINE, AERMOD-V, and ADMS, also have the capability to predict concentrations upwind of the roadway that result from low-speed meandering of the plume. Generally, RLINE, ADMS, and AERMOD (both source types) had overall performance statistics that were broadly similar, while CALINE 3 and 4 both produced a larger degree of scatter in their concentration estimates. The models performed best for near-neutral conditions in both tracer studies, but had mixed results under convective and stable conditions.     

边坡地下水动力作用及排导措施研究现状

详细分析了目前边坡地下水的研究情况,认为边坡地下水动力作用的研究包括两方面的内容,一是地下水资源的定量评价和人工补给的预测,二是岩体的裂隙水压对变形和破坏的影响。地下水动力作用的研究方法可概括为数学模拟法、数值模拟法和实验模拟法。并对目前边坡地下水的排导措施进行了归纳,主要分为地表防渗措施和地下排导措施两类。     

高位斜置双叉臂独立悬架力传导机构的开发与应用

针对某车型双叉臂独立悬架在前期实际道路试验中出现的车身安装板开裂问题，基于零部件受力分析及CAE仿真，找出问题真正原因并提出两种解决方案。通过仿真分析和道路验证，最终确定采用力传导机构，比较巧妙地解决了开裂问题。     

热环境下功能梯度圆柱壳的频散特性

基于经典壳体理论推导了温度场作用下功能梯度材料圆柱壳自由振动方程,研究了沿厚度方向不同温度分布对功能梯度壳体频散特性的影响。研究结果表明:以径向弯曲运动为主的传播波受热效应影响较为显著;温度效应对近场衰减波的影响随着频率的增大而减弱;共轭衰减波向近场衰减波转化的频率随着温度的升高而增大;与满足一维稳态热传导条件的温度分布相比,壳体最大温升相同时,均匀升温对壳体频散特性的影响较大。该文结果可为功能梯度材料结构在热环境中的波动特性研究提供参考。     

铁路企业含油工业废水中矿物油监测分析方法探讨

根据铁路主要企业含油工业废水中油种来源及污染源特点，非分散红外光度法为首选方法。以“水和废水监测分析方法”中推荐的混合石油烃为标油，污油测得值用０．９为校正系数或以本次试验研制的混合石油烃Ⅰ为标油时均可得到准确的污油测量值。其次是紫外分光光度法。重量法适于未经处理含污油量高的工业废水和木材防腐厂含有重质油的工业废水中污油量的测定。动物油、植物油、高级脂肪酸、清洗剂对这三种方法均有不同程度的干扰。