基于CFD的船用相继增压柴油机切换点燃烧过程对比研究

利用STAR-CD和GT-Power软件对相继增压柴油机在切换点工况下一台增压器工作(1TC)和两台增压器均工作(2TC)的喷雾、燃烧过程进行了多维瞬态对比研究,通过计算得到了1TC和2TC的缸内气体流场、湍动能、温度场等信息.燃烧过程对比研究表明:相继增压柴油机在切换点工况,1TC的进气量充足,燃空当量比小,缸内燃烧情况更加平稳,因此1TC的缸内平均压力高于2TC,缸内平均温度低于2TC.     

大断面软弱围岩隧道开挖施工浅析

文章结合南钦高速铁路NQ1标段蕾树岭隧道工程实例,阐述了大断面软弱围岩隧道洞口、洞身的施工方案及要点,提出了控制软弱围岩掌子面变形的具体技术措施,为今后类似隧道工程施工提供技术参考。     

The implications of MARPOL Annex V on the management of ports and coastal communities

Abstract

The passage of the Marine Plastics Pollution Research and Control Act of 1987 (MPPRCA), which codified Annex V of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), has encompassed every commercial and recreational shipping and boating facility in the United States. As a group, these ports, harbors, and marinas form a significant, although proportionately small, portion of the coastline of the country. More important, the economic benefits derived from the complex shoreside infrastructures required for international ocean trade, commercial and recreational fishing, and pleasure boating indicate just how critical it is for these facilities to be in conformance with effective and prudent coastal zone and environmental management practices.     

微型顶管施工技术在农污治理中的应用

针对农村生活污水治理工程污水管道口径小、乡村道路狭窄、大型施工设备进出不便等特点,结合海盐县农污处理设施工程,介绍了微型顶管二次工法工艺流程及施工过程.总结了微型顶管顶进速度快、工作坑占地面积小、管道铺设精度高、对环境影响小等优点,认为微型顶管在一般砂性、黏性地质条件下具有良好的应用效果,为农污治理项目提供了较好的解决方案.     

数字化汽车标准信源技术及其在公路交通管理中的应用研究

数字化汽车标准信源体系的建立是解决我国公路交通管理难题的有效方式。以800/900MHz无源RFID技术可建立起数字化汽车标准信源体系平台,通过建立该平台,可形成不停车收费及路径识别的应用系统,该系统不但可以实现不停车收费及路径识别功能,还可以进行一系列的拓展应用,提高我国公路交通的管理水平。     

Does the income elasticity of road traffic depend on the source of income?

An extensive body of literature addresses the income elasticity of road traffic, in which income is typically treated as a homogenous quantity. Here we report evidence of heterogeneity in cross-sectional estimates of the elasticity of vehicle-kilometres of travel (VKT) with respect to income, when household income is disaggregated on the basis of income source.The results are generally intuitive, and show that the cross-sectional income elasticity of road traffic is not homogeneous as is typically specified in transport planning models. We show that in a number of circumstances the cross-sectional elasticity with respect to aggregate household income is of the opposite sign in comparison to more refined estimates of elasticity disaggregated by income source. If further research confirms that the elasticities we report here are causal in nature, neglecting the elemental effects could result in misleading results affecting practical infrastructure-investment and policy decisions, particularly as the mix of income sources shifts (e.g. if, as society ages, pension income increases as a share of all income).These results are of interest to both researchers and forecasters of travel demand, as well as designers of future travel survey instruments; the latter group must decide how to generate data about respondents’ income. Current expert guidance is to collect a single estimate of aggregate income at the household level. Future travel survey design choices will bound the analyses that can be supported by the resulting survey data, and therefore methodological research to re-visit the trade-offs associated with such choices is warranted.     

祁临高速公路运营管理的着力点探讨

从高速公路运营管理的自身规律出发,论述了祁临高速公路运营管理着重抓好管理的几个环节,仅供同行参考。     

废蓄电池对环境的污染与回收利用

论述了废蓄电池对环境所造成的严重污染，介绍了废蓄电池综合利用与再生铅的提取方法，并就废蓄电池管理与回收的现状，提出了理顺废蓄电池的回收渠道、规范收购行为的合理化建议，指出在我国当前工业化的进程中要解决好节约资源、保护环境两大课题的重要性。     

论海上平台的防污染管理

通过对海上石油平台防污染管理的相关国际公约、国内法规的梳理,分析了国际公约和国内法规的异同点,并结合管理现状提出了建议。