微型顶管施工技术在农污治理中的应用

针对农村生活污水治理工程污水管道口径小、乡村道路狭窄、大型施工设备进出不便等特点,结合海盐县农污处理设施工程,介绍了微型顶管二次工法工艺流程及施工过程.总结了微型顶管顶进速度快、工作坑占地面积小、管道铺设精度高、对环境影响小等优点,认为微型顶管在一般砂性、黏性地质条件下具有良好的应用效果,为农污治理项目提供了较好的解决方案.     

数字化汽车标准信源技术及其在公路交通管理中的应用研究

数字化汽车标准信源体系的建立是解决我国公路交通管理难题的有效方式。以800/900MHz无源RFID技术可建立起数字化汽车标准信源体系平台,通过建立该平台,可形成不停车收费及路径识别的应用系统,该系统不但可以实现不停车收费及路径识别功能,还可以进行一系列的拓展应用,提高我国公路交通的管理水平。     

Does the income elasticity of road traffic depend on the source of income?

An extensive body of literature addresses the income elasticity of road traffic, in which income is typically treated as a homogenous quantity. Here we report evidence of heterogeneity in cross-sectional estimates of the elasticity of vehicle-kilometres of travel (VKT) with respect to income, when household income is disaggregated on the basis of income source.The results are generally intuitive, and show that the cross-sectional income elasticity of road traffic is not homogeneous as is typically specified in transport planning models. We show that in a number of circumstances the cross-sectional elasticity with respect to aggregate household income is of the opposite sign in comparison to more refined estimates of elasticity disaggregated by income source. If further research confirms that the elasticities we report here are causal in nature, neglecting the elemental effects could result in misleading results affecting practical infrastructure-investment and policy decisions, particularly as the mix of income sources shifts (e.g. if, as society ages, pension income increases as a share of all income).These results are of interest to both researchers and forecasters of travel demand, as well as designers of future travel survey instruments; the latter group must decide how to generate data about respondents’ income. Current expert guidance is to collect a single estimate of aggregate income at the household level. Future travel survey design choices will bound the analyses that can be supported by the resulting survey data, and therefore methodological research to re-visit the trade-offs associated with such choices is warranted.     

祁临高速公路运营管理的着力点探讨

从高速公路运营管理的自身规律出发,论述了祁临高速公路运营管理着重抓好管理的几个环节,仅供同行参考。     

废蓄电池对环境的污染与回收利用

论述了废蓄电池对环境所造成的严重污染，介绍了废蓄电池综合利用与再生铅的提取方法，并就废蓄电池管理与回收的现状，提出了理顺废蓄电池的回收渠道、规范收购行为的合理化建议，指出在我国当前工业化的进程中要解决好节约资源、保护环境两大课题的重要性。     

论海上平台的防污染管理

通过对海上石油平台防污染管理的相关国际公约、国内法规的梳理,分析了国际公约和国内法规的异同点,并结合管理现状提出了建议。     

Casualty analysis of large tankers

This article presents detailed results of a comprehensive analysis of recorded accidents of large oil tankers (deadweight greater than 80 000 tonnes) occurring between 1978 and 2003. The analysis encompasses a thorough review of available raw accident data and their postprocessing in a way to produce appropriate statistics useful for the implementation of risk-based assessment methodologies. The processing of the captured data led to the identification of significant qualitative historical trends of tanker accidents and of quantitative characteristics of large tanker accidents, such as overall accident rates per ship-year. Data were also analyzed for all major accident categories separately, taking into account tanker ship size/type, the degree of accident severity, and the oil spill tonne rates per ship-year; this led to the identification of heavily polluted worldwide geographical areas as a result of large tanker accidents.     

最优设计及分配理论在舰船维修中的应用研究

通过基于多服务台有限源排队系统的理论,分析舰船维修工作中在满足一定的可靠性要求下的最优设计与最优分配问题,同时结合计算机技术,提出了求解的方法,最终通过举例确定其最优设计理论的准确性。     

河流突发性污染事故风险评价方法的探讨

通过危险源和环境因素两个方面进行河流突发性污染事故风险评价,引入加权危险河段长度和河段危害权重两个概念论述危险源风险评价,给出能够反映各河段重要性的新的危险源风险评价方法。评价了流速、降水、地形等自然环境因素对突发性水污染事故发展的影响,提出了环境因素定性评价方法。