动态交通政策的长期优化设计--通过定价机制寻求社会福利最大化

针对交通政策设计中决策过程的可选方法展开探讨。探索对出行政策进行综合预测、评价、优化以实现决策方案最优的可能性。从长远来看,为了适应像城市这样一个动态系统,采用了用地与交通相互影响模型（LUTI）的长期评估方法。在评估的全过程中,通过成本效益分析来衡量实施LUTI动态决策所产生的社会福利,然后通过优化程序使其达到最大化。这一模型在马德里市收费站最优定价策略项目中得到验证,该项目要求保证系统效率、社会公平以及环境质量。与其他定价方案相比,最优方案能以相对较低的收费产生更多的社会盈余。该实践结果突出强调了不同因素对研究区域以及对社会福利盈余的主要贡献者的影响,从而反思采用的成本分析方法是否可以作为设计可持续政策的最佳方法。     

The development of a policy for road tax in Turkey, using a genetic algorithm approach for demand estimation

This study deals, first, with estimation of transport demand based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) approach, and then deals with the evaluation of the road tax system in Turkey. It proposes an alternative road tax policy. The total transport demand is estimated based on population, Gross Domestic Product per Capita (GDPPC), and vehicle-number. Three forms of the Genetic Algorithm Transport Demand Estimation for Tax Revenues (GATDETR) are developed, of which one is linear, and the second and third are exponential forms of the mathematical expressions. The best-fit GATDETR model in terms of total minimum relative average errors between observed and estimated values are selected for future demand estimation. The evaluation of the road tax system and policy proposal is made based on estimated demand. The Distance-Based-Taxation (DBT) system is proposed in order to control highway transport. With the DBT system, some road users may wish to use railway. Thus, we re-organize the railways in order to meet the demand, but this requires new fund. The DBT system may help to create to this fund. It may also help to develop fair-taxation for the road users. Results show that the GA can be used to model transport demand and hence income tax in future transports planning. This study also suggests that planning the taxation in highway transport may help to ease funding problem of railway system.     

A Real-Time TCP Stream Reassembly Mechanism in High-Speed Network

With the continual growth of the variety and complexity of network crime means, the traditional packet feature matching cannot detect all kinds of intrusion behaviors completely. It is urgent to reassemble network stream to perform packet processing at a semantic level above the network layer. This paper presents an efficient TCP stream reassembly mechanism for real-time processing of high-speed network traffic. By analyzing the characteristics of network stream in high-speed network and TCP connection establishment process, several polices for designing the reassembly mechanism are built. Then, the reassembly implementation is elaborated in accordance with the policies. Finally, the reassembly mechanism is compared with the traditional reassembly mechanism by the network traffic captured in a typical gigabit gateway. Experiment results illustrate that the reassembly mechanism is efficient and can satisfy the real-time property requirement of traffic analysis system in high-speed network.     

A policy-based automated negotiation for privileges in grid environments

To maintain the global consistency of the authorizing is a challenge when the system authorization is changed in grid environments. This paper proposes a policy-based automatically negotiating method to deal with this issue. An effective system framework, which includes the certificate management, the access policy repertory, the negotiator and the automatically negotiating mechanism, is designed and implemented. The experimental results show that automated negotiation can quickly regain the global authorization consistency and only cause a little system overhead increasing. Compared with the manual authorization maintaining, the presented method can reduce the negotiating time significantly, and reduce the meaningless grid jobs because the inconsistent privileges are controlled timely.     

出租汽车经营权管理问题及建议

经营权问题是出租汽车行业管理的核心和难点。对目前我国出租汽车经营权出让模式、企业经营模式和政府监管模式进行调查,对经营权管理不规范及4种经营模式存在的主要问题进行分析。提出加强出租汽车经营权管理的建议：一是加快法规建设;二是明确政府职能;三是合理选择经营模式;四是建立科学合理的经营权配置机制;五是转变经营权出让方式;六是规范经营权转让行为;七是规范企业经营行为;八是积极预防和妥善处置出租汽车群体性事件。     

城市交通发展过程中的环境问题及对策研究

交通污染已经成为我国城市空气和噪声的主要污染源,严重影响了城市的经济发展和居民的生活质量。用牺牲环境及资源来解决交通问题是城市交通发展的一大误区。该文在分析城市交通污染现状的基础上,从可持续发展的角度,按照以人为本的理念,提出了治理交通污染的宏观政策与具体对策。     

冲突与平衡：和谐视野中刑事政策的法治边界——宽严相济刑事政策理论与实践研究之六

基于刑事政策自身功能和结构的考量,刑事政策的政策性与法律性的内在紧张始终存在。刑事政策游走于政策和法律之间,对其法治边界的扩张或紧缩,应关注对犯罪反应的有效性和正当性。以和谐法治为统领,架构权力（权利）的法治化博弈机制,在冲突中寻求平衡,于平衡处保持和谐。宽严相济刑事政策应通过法治要素的不断提升,根据宪法和＂良法之刑法＂,在立法和司法两个场域实现刑事法治和善治。     

发达国家公路环保措施政策及应用

系统分析和研究世界发达国家公路环保方面的政策及其措施,指出我国这方面工作的不足,有助于推动我国公路环保工作的开展。     

中国的城市交通系统建设与发展

在分析我国城市交通现状与问题的基础上,剖析了我国城市未来将要面临的机遇与挑 战.论文分析了我国政府目前的城市交通政策,评价了相关的技术措施,对新世纪我国城市交 通发展的目标与战略提出了自己的看法。     

从数字看中国铁路隧道的建设

根据收集到的有关中国铁路隧道建设比较全面、可靠的统计资料,按年代和铁路线归纳整理列出的,并用数字来阐述截至2005年末中国铁路隧道建设的基本情况与发展历程；同时对隧道命名与隧道长度计算的统一等问题提出建议。