多媒体教学与传统手段教学的比较与应用

多媒体教学是现代教育的重要手段,而传统手段教学在教学实践中仍有强大的生命力。多媒体教学与传统手段教学有机结合,合理地运用于思想政治理论课教学中,将大大提高课堂教学的效率和效果。     

"市民社会"理论的历史流变及其现代意义

“市民社会”理论是近代西方政治哲学中的重要理论。这一理论的发展经历了一个历史的流变过程。市民社会理论尤其是马克思的市民社会理论，对于社会主义市场经济条件下中国市民社会的建立，以及我国市场经济的发展有着重要的理论和现实意义。     

Private funding and management for public interchanges in Madrid

Interchanges are key elements for improving seamless mobility in metropolitan areas where multi-stages trips are increasing. Interchange facilities make transfers short, easy and comfortable, and therefore Public Transport (PT) trips became more attractive and competitive. However, good quality interchanges are rather expensive, especially with regard to construction and operation. The solution launched in Madrid was a public-private scheme where all stakeholders involved play a key role. The first experience was Avenida America Interchange in the border of Madrid CBD, which opened in 2000. The construction was carried out through a Build and Operate and Transfer (BOT) tender. Three public bodies were involved: Municipality, Regional Government and Public Transport Authority. The concessionaire was a company constituted by a transport operator, several construction companies and a national bank. The revenues came from a fee which pays every bus using the facility, some shops, two parking lots, and other business. This positive experience has been extended to the construction of four new interchanges that were inaugurated in the years 2007 and 2008.     

Regulation and Approval of Drugs and Pesticides Used in Canadian Salmon Culture

When Canadian salmon farmers find the health of their stock is compromised by infection or disease, the use of drugs or pesticides can be required. In Canada, there is a very limited range of these chemicals legally available to farmers and veterinarians. The formal approval and registration process for these chemotherapeutants is complicated. It involves the overlap of a variety of government departments, depending on the method of application of the therapeutic compound. These formal channels, through which chemotherapeutic products, specifically drugs and pesticides, are licensed for use, are both lengthy and costly to navigate. Often, these costs exceed any potential returns from the sale of the products (OCAD, 2001; Harper, 2002). Consequently, unapproved drugs, which would not normally be available for use, are obtained through alternative channels, which may pose a number of environmental, human, and animal safety concerns. This article seeks to provide a better understanding of the approval process and regulations governing drugs and pesticides and how they are made available for use in Canadian salmon culture.     

Citizen Participation and Collaborative Environmental Management in the Marine Oil Trade of Coastal Alaska

This study compares the contributions to policy change made by two Regional Citizens’ Advisory Councils that participate in the environmental management of the marine oil trade in coastal regions of Alaska. Both councils are remarkably well-funded and long-enduring examples of citizen participation in environmental policy. This study finds that both councils have applied their substantial funding resources to make significant contributions to policy change (policy contributions) in the marine oil trade of coastal Alaska. This study also finds that both councils have greatly magnified their policy contributions through collaborative efforts with many other organizations active in the marine oil trade of Alaska. Therefore, the overall policy contributions of the councils result from the joint application of council resources and collaborative efforts.     

Management Cybernetics: A New Institutional Framework for Coastal Management

This article analyzes institutional arrangements for the delivery of coastal programs through a new way of thinking about their evolution and structure. The notion of three distinct "dimensions" describing the phases in the evolution of institutional arrangements is introduced. The notion of dimensions is developed from conceptualizing about how institutional arrangements are diagrammed. This allows the visualization of how individual institutions and key stakeholders relate to each other in the delivery of coastal programs, how effective these relationships are, and how their relationships could be redesigned. "Dimensional thinking" enables the re-examination of existing institutional design of coastal programs and how these can evolve to meet the challenges of the new millennium. It is concluded that institutional arrangements have grown from a single dimensional view, where institutions (mainly governmental) delivered programs in isolation, through to the present second dimension where agency programs are managed through coordinating bodies and through coastal management plans. It is argued that a third dimension of institutional arrangements, one that recognizes and embraces the rapid pace of change in this century, will be needed that is aligned by themes rather than by organizational structure. To illustrate a third dimension a visualization tool is developed drawing from management cybernetics. It recognizes the increasing importance of formal and informal networks in relation to traditional modernist hierarchical management by recognizing multiple stakeholders (government at all levels, industry, advocacy groups, conservation interests, and the broader community) and their degree of mutual dependence. Dimensional thinking has the potential to institutionalize the interaction between these multiple stakeholders to ensure the effective delivery of coastal programs in the new millennium. A single answer to what the third dimension of coastal management program evolution should include is not presented. Rather, an approach is presented that allows coastal managers to move forward in the debate on redesigning coastal programs to meet today's complex suite of issues, values, and interests. An experimental case study from Western Australia is used to illustrate the potential application of the dimensional thinking to coastal management institutional design in that State's coastal program.     

论排污权初始分配程序规则的建构

排污权初始分配本质上是利益的分配,初始分配涉及到环境保护行政管理机关、排污企业、社会公众等多方利益,协调、平衡各方的利益冲突,保证分配的公正是其程序建构的应有之义.在排污权的初始分配程序规则研究中,可以借鉴哈贝马斯的“商谈民主”理论,从现阶段的理论和实践情况入手,通过加强区域合作、完善流域管理和明确公众参与地位作等方面来逐步推进排污权初始分配的程序规则建构.     

立体化教学模式在高职思想政治课教学中的运用

根据高职校以技能型人才培养为主的教学目标,针对高职生学习和心理规律,提出高职校思想政治课应运用立体化教学模式,将现代化技术运用于教学方式上,运用网络猎取现代信息的方式应用于教学内容中,使政治课成为视听重叠、动静结合、五彩纷呈的生动有趣的课堂,提高教学效果。     

影响封建制中国宗教政策的因素

历史是一面镜子。回顾和分析中国封建制历史上宗教与国家政权的关系,并从中找出有价值的规律性的东西,对于有效的宏观宗教管理是大有裨益的。中国历史上中央政府对于宗教的态度发生过很多波动,但是无论怎样改变,都可以找到历史的规律。影响封建制国家宗教政策的因素大致可以分为帝王的宗教情感、国家财政状况和社会政治形势三个方面。通过对这三个方面的分析可以看出,一方面宗教要进行有效的自我约束,另一方面,国家政权要始终不忘加强对宗教的宏观管理。     

对高校思想政治教育中"虚假接受"现象的思考

在高校思想政治教育中,不同程度地存在着"虚假接受"现象,其原因,一方面是来自受教育者在成长过程中产生的逆反心理;受教育者利益认同的冲突;受教育者对教育方法的抗拒。另一方面是教育者没有把握好受教育者主体性的需要;没有把握好教育中的情感渗透;没有把握好学生认知差距和认知特点。要避免虚假接受,必须切实提高教育者的素质;优化和创新思想政治教育方法;高度重视受教育者的主体性;营造良好的教育环境。