浅谈钢筋混凝土结构的耐久性

提高混凝土结构的耐久性对于当前实现可持续发展战略,更好地利用资源、节约能源和保护环境,都具有十分重要的意义。     

浅谈公路桥梁的养护管理

随着交通建养工作的开展,其薄弱环节——桥梁养护管理也越来越为人们所重视。通过列举分析桥梁维修养护工作中常见的问题,研究解决问题的措施,可以达到提高桥梁养护管理水平的目的。     

预应力混凝土工形梁在施工中的侧弯控制

对施加预应力阶段引起工形梁侧弯的原因进行分析,并针对其各影响因素明确侧弯防治措施．同时,对已形成侧弯的工形梁提出处理方案,优化施工工艺,减小吊装阶段引起的侧弯量,可为工形梁的侧弯控制提供参考。     

国道205线上板桥K2732+335～K2732+385段路基稳定性分析及措施

结合工程实例,通过对国道205线上板桥K2732 335～K2732 385段路基的稳定性的分析,对具体项目的路基失稳原因进行了分析,并提出了防治措施。     

Air traffic assignment to reduce population noise exposure using activity-based approach

Aircraft noise has been regarded as one of the major environmental issues related to air transport. Many airports have introduced a variety of measures to reduce its impact. Several air traffic assignment strategies have been proposed in order to allocate noise more wisely. Even though each decision regarding the assignment of aircraft to routes should consider population exposure to noise, none of the air traffic assignment strategies has addressed daily migrations of population and number of people exposed to noise. The aim of this research is to develop a mathematical model and a heuristic algorithm that could assign aircraft to departure and arrival routes so that number of people exposed to noise is as low as possible, taking into account temporal and spatial variations in population in an airport’s vicinity. The approach was demonstrated on Belgrade airport to show the benefits of the proposed model. Numerical example showed that population exposure to noise could be reduced significantly by applying the proposed air traffic assignment model. As a consequence of the proposed air traffic assignment, overall fuel consumption increased by less than 1%.     

Evaluating sustainability of supply chains by two-stage range directional measure in the presence of negative data

Assessing sustainability of supply chains is a critical and increasingly complex problem. In recent years sustainability has received more attention in supply chain management (SCM) literature with triple bottom lines including social, environmental, and economic factors. Conventional data envelopment analysis (DEA) models consider decision making units (DMUs) as black boxes that consume a set of inputs to produce a set of outputs and do not take into consideration internal interactions of DMUs. Two-stage DEA models deal with such DMUs. However, existing two-stage DEA models are applicable only in technologies characterized by positive inputs/outputs. This paper aims to build and present a new two-stage DEA model considering negative input-intermediate-output data. Some numerical examples along with some theorems and properties are given to show capability of proposed method. The proposed ideas are used in a case study where 29 Iranian supply chains producing equipment of expendable medical devices are evaluated in terms of sustainability.     

价值工程理论在沥青混合料碳排放减排措施中的应用

沥青混合料碳排放减排措施是降低碳排放的有效手段,而对减排措施的选择将直接影响工程的质量和经济效益。本文运用价值工程理论的基本原理与方法,论述价值工程在减排措施选择中的应用方法和步骤,并结合工程实例,对减排措施方案的选择进行研究。结果表明,运用价值工程理论的方法可以择优确定沥青混合料碳排放减排措施。     

超速行为干预措施研究现状及发展趋势

为了提出能够有效遏制超速行为的干预措施,明确已有超速行为干预措施的实际效果、适用条件、优缺点及结合措施效果,对该领域内相关文献进行了系统性综述。根据系统性综述和元分析首选报告准则（PRISMA）,将超速行为及其干预措施作为关键词,分别从11个电子数据库中搜索与超速抓拍系统、反超速宣传、超速警告标志和智能超速干预系统相关文献,通过构建文献质量评价指标体系对这些文献进行评估,筛选出101篇相关文献,并对其研究结果进行了叙述性地综合分析。研究结果表明：超速抓拍系统、反超速宣传、超速警告标志及智能超速干预系统具有不同程度的超速干预效果,且受一些道路交通环境条件及人为因素的影响。具体地,对于超速抓拍系统,区间式超速抓拍系统的干预效果最好,而移动式超速抓拍系统最差;对于反超速宣传,户外广告的超速干预效果最好,但印刷类广告作用不大;对于超速警告标志,超速张贴标志具有较显著的干预效果;警告型动态速度显示标志的超速干预效果优于标准型动态速度显示标志;对于智能超速干预系统,强制型智能超速干预系统的超速干预效果最佳,自愿型智能超速干预系统效果最差;对于结合措施,多数结合措施较单个措施的超速干预效果更好。总体而言,超速抓拍系统和智能超速干预系统的超速干预效果最好,超速警告标志次之,反超速宣传效果较差,结合措施可增强干预效果。上述结果可为超速行为干预措施的选择或提出奠定理论基础。针对已有超速干预措施的局限性及影响因素尚不明朗的问题,后续研究需优化试验或调查方案,进一步探究超速干预措施的效果及影响因素,并基于大数据（如车辆轨迹、视频数据）提出新的干预措施。     

液化天然气储运中的翻滚现象及预防措施

介绍了液化天然气储运中的翻滚（涡旋）现象及预防措施,着重分析了液化天然气在储运中的翻滚机理,提出了相应的预防措施,以减少和消除翻滚现象,提高液化天然气在储运中的安全性。     

鲁尔泵振动问题的原因分析与处理

针对输油站使用的鲁尔ZLMIP型泵振动问题,经过现场实际运行情况的调研,搜集整理日常维修作业中发现的问题,找出了造成泵振动的主要原因,具体对泵转子的动不平衡、机组同心度、滑动轴承、泵体内压力脉动等影响泵振动的主要因素进行认真分析,并逐一进行整改跟踪,提出了解决方案并进行了现场落实,解决了泵的振动问题,实现了泵的正常运转。