公路费用的构成与分摊

从经济学中引发费用公平的角度研究公路费用的构成和分摊；分析典型车型在等级道路上引发费用的构成；最后，对典型车型的各种引发费用进行初步的估算。     

The opening of the Amsterdam Ring Road

This paper presents the results of a major before-and-after study carried out to establish the short term effects of the removal of a severe bottleneck in the road network around Amsterdam. An important focus in the study was on measuring changes in the timing of travel, as well as changes in route choice, mode choice, destination choice and frequency of travel. The results of the study indicated that, in the short run, there was little or no change in mode choice, nor was there significant emergence of new induced trips. On the other hand, large shifts in time of travel as well as route choice were reported, emphasising the importance of alterations to the timing and routes of existing trips when congestion is relieved, and the need to consider the benefits these bring in evaluating the impact of any road investment.     

南京大胜关桥交直流供电系统电磁感应影响分析

南京大胜关桥的国铁和地铁接触网同桥面近距离水平敷设,这在国内尚属首次,并且无经验可参考.必需考虑交、直流带电线路间的电磁感应对运营、维护等带来的影响.结合国铁交流AT(自耦变压器)供电方式和直流供电方式的特点,对国铁交流系统对地铁直流系统的电磁场感应现象进行了初步估算,并就感应影响作出了初步分析,提出了一些解决措施.     

老年收缩期高血压患者左心室收缩功能与24h动态血压的关系

以超声心动图和动态血压监测技术研究了３７例老年收缩期高血压患者左心室收缩功能（ＬＶＳＦ）与２４ｈ动态收缩压（ＡＳＢＰ）的关系。结果表明：患者的主动脉血流峰值流速（ＡＯ－ＰＦＶ）高于正常。ＡＯ－ＰＦＶ与收缩压（ＳＢＰ）呈正相关，与２４ｈＡＳＢＰ平均值，上午６：００～９：００ＡＳＢＰ平均值的关系较与偶测ＳＢＰ以及清醒和睡眠期ＡＳＢＰ的平均值的关系密切。提示ＳＢＰ持续升高和ＳＢＰ的峰值较高是患者ＡＯ－ＰＦＶ增高的主要原因。ＡＯ－ＰＦＶ增高是ＬＶＳＦ的代偿性改变。     

DETECTION OF STRAND BREAKS OF DNA IN HUMAN EARLY CHORIONIC VILLUS CELLS INDUCED BY DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASOUND USING ^32P-LABELED ALU HYBRIDIZATION

Genetic effects of ultrasound on fetus havebeen extensively studied since ultrasonograph waswidely appliedin obstetric practice.In recent years,there have been reports onin vivomolecular geneticeffects of diagnostic ultrasound[1-4].In vitroexperi-ments have found that single-stranded breaks(ssbs)and double-stranded breaks(dsbs)in DNA are themain indices for DNA lesions induced by ultra-sound[5].But,no reports on whether ultrasound cancausein vivossbs and dsbs in DNAare available.Tofurther …     

Key Technologies of Urban TIA and Their Application

Introduction　　Withthedevelopmentofeconomy ,Chinahasmaderapidprogressinurbanconstruction .Therearemoreandmorenewly builtprojectsandreconstructedprojectsthatinfluenceurbantraffic ,andthenumberofautomobilesisincreasing ,too .Thoughthefoundationalfacilities…     

牵拉膀胱对脊髓背角躯体反应神经元的效应

实验用脊髓大白鼠,电刺激左侧腓肠神经,玻璃微电极在脊髓背角记录到157个反应神经元;记录的神经元单位放电稳定后,采用牵拉膀胱的方法,发现其中32个神经元对内脏传入也发生反应,称之为躯体——内脏会聚神经元(somatovisceral Convergent neuron SVCN)。根据传导速度推算,本实验兴奋的内脏传入属N类纤维。实验发现牵拉膀胱,引起9个WDR神经元躯体传入晚成分增加。另外记录到15个有自发放电的神经元,牵拉膀胱,13个自发放电增多,2个减少。本文为躯体、内脏传入在脊髓背角的会聚增添了新资料,并为膀胱疾患牵涉痛的中枢机制提供了实验依据。     

脾动脉门静脉吻合联合完全门体分流对犬门脉高压症的治疗观察

目的为评估门静脉脾动脉化对门脉高压症的治疗效果,对丝线栓塞性门脉高压模型犬进行脾动脉门静脉吻合联合完全门体分流(PACS术),并观察治疗效果。方法对门脉高压犬采用脾切除、门静脉(入肝段)-脾动脉吻合、门静脉(远肝段)-腔静脉吻合。测定入肝门脉、入下腔门脉血流、压力;门静脉、肠系膜上静脉的内径、最大血流速度、血流方向;观察手术前后肝功能变化,肝脏蛋白质合成变化。结果术后向肝门脉流量(PVF)上升至原来的180%,向肝门静脉压(PVP)上升至原来的196%,门静脉入下腔门脉血流量增至原先的130%,而压力降至原来的45.5%,均具有极为显著的统计学差异(P<0.01)。术后3周末肝功能指标和蛋白合成与术前比较,改变不明显,无统计学差异。结论PACS手术成功率较高,术后死亡率低,可同时提高入肝血流和降低侧支压力,是一种值得尝试和进一步研究的新手术方法。     

妊娠大鼠对急性心肌缺血损伤的反应及其机制

目的探讨妊娠鼠是否比正常生理状态能更好地耐受心肌缺血损伤以及发生的可能机制。方法雌性SD大鼠20只,早孕SD大鼠10只,分为正常对照组、未孕心梗组及早孕心梗组,于造模后3周使用Image 1.31软件,测量心肌梗死范围。使用powerLAB 4.12系统进行血流动力学测量,并应用TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡,Massion染色观察心肌胶元。结果早孕心梗组梗死范围为28.86%,未孕心梗组为36.8%。早孕心梗组心肌梗死范围较未孕心梗组明显减小;心梗3周后早孕心梗组左室收缩末压下降及左室舒张末压升高均较未孕心梗组为轻。两组凋亡指数比较早孕心梗组凋亡指数明显高于未孕心梗组。Massion染色显示:早孕心梗组心肌胶元含量明显较未孕心梗组少。结论妊娠对大鼠急性心肌缺血损伤有保护作用。     

SUPPRESSION OF ANGⅡ AFTER ACUTE SALINE LOAD ASSOCIATED WITH THE CHANGES OF PLASMA ANP AND SODIUM METABOLISM IN SALT-SENSITIVE HYPERTENSION PATIENTS

Saltsensitivityisanintermediategenotypeofessentialhypertension ,associatedwithnumerousneuro hormonalabnormalities[1,12 ] .Theregulationdysfunctionofrenin angiotensinsystemisinvolvedinsaltsensitivity ,whichconsistsoftwodifferentregulatoryresponses ,modulatorsandnon modula tors,aftersaltload[2 ,13 ] .Basedonour previousstudies ,theobjectofthisstudyistoinvestigatethechangepatternofrenin angiotensinandatrialnatri ureticpeptide(ANP)ofsaltsensitivehypertensionthroughobservingthechangesinplasmaangio…