Truck capacity analysis in a cross‐dock transportation network considering direct shipment

In a transportation network, decision making parameters may change and may cause the optimum value of objective function to vary in a specific range. Therefore, managers try to identify the effects of these changes by sensitive analysis to find appropriate solutions. In this paper, first, a model for cross‐dock transportation network considering direct shipment is presented, and then an algorithm based on branch and bound algorithm and dual price concept for sensitive analysis is developed. When managers encounter problems such as budget limit, they may decide to change the capacity of trucks as a procedure to reduce the transportation costs of the network. The algorithm provides a useful lower bound on the solutions of the problems and makes it easy for the managers to eliminate inappropriate options of truck capacities, which cannot lead to cost reduction. To verify the algorithm, an example will be given at the end of the paper. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Short-term impact analysis of fuel price policy change on travel demand in Malaysian cities

Abstract

Malaysia is one of the few countries in the world that provides a fuel subsidy to consumers. Due to the recent economic crisis, the Malaysian Government decided to revise its fuel subsidization policy from a fixed price subsidy to a floating price subsidy dependent on global oil demand. Recognizing that the change in fuel subsidization policy can have an impact on travel behavior, this article investigates the short-term impact of the policy change on private and public transportation in the Klang Valley region of Malaysia. Spectral analyses are performed to investigate if the policy change has an impact on private vehicle travel demand, measured in terms of road traffic, and short-term travel demand elasticity with respect to fuel price is estimated. To measure the impact on the public transportation system, the demand cross-elasticity values of rail transit and buses are also estimated. It was found that traffic flow reduces with an increase in fuel price, although elasticity and cross-elasticity values obtained are low. The article finds that there is a potential mode shift from private vehicles to rail transit with increasing fuel price. It is demonstrated that reducing fuel price subsidy can be an effective travel demand management strategy to alleviate congestion.     

铁路改制后关于铁路客运票价制定的博弈分析

铁路票价的高低是影响铁路经济效益的重要因素。文中分析现行铁路客票体系存在的问题,并用博弈论方法对铁路票价制定和消费者购买行为进行经济学分析,从铁路客流呈现季节性变化的角度出发,将铁路客票价格按照节假日和非节似H两个模型进行博弈分析,对未来铁路票价的合理制定提供依据,并给予相应的建议。     

论工程变更引起的工程价款调整

工程变更实施后引起造价调整主要是因为它使原有的清单项目发生变化和清单项目工程量发生变化。文中从单位工程造价组成角度来论述工程变更引起的分部分项费用调整、措施项目费用调整、其他项目费用调整以及规费和税金费用调整。     

2006年世界船舶市场评述及展望

总结了近一年来世界经济的发展,在此大背景下对2006年的船舶行业进行了总结和回顾,并对未来市场进行预测.世界船舶行业在2006年出现一个显著特征,即在航运市场回落的情况下船舶建造市场出现了前所未有的兴旺景象,船舶交易出现价高量大的场面.究其原因,船厂任务已饱满、受新规范影响,成本进一步提高以及对后市航运市场看好等原因起到主要作用.鉴于目前订单情况及航运市场现状,预测未来船价还将保持高位运行,航运市场运力将得到进一步快速扩增,甚至会出现供大于求的局面,不过崩盘的可能性不会太大.     

基于系统利润最优的运价规则安排的研究

将货主和运输企业看成是利润最大化的系统，为了使系统中货主和运输企业双方利润达到最优并被市场所认可，必须寻求最佳合理的运价规则安排。现以非合作对策理论为基础，以系统利润最优为目标，对运输企业的运价规则安排进行了研究，建立了系统利润最优化模型，采用库恩一塔克定理求解。算例表明，该方法有较大的实用价值。     

中国修船业现状与发展

修船业是一个价格敏感、竞争激烈的劳动密集型行业。价格竞争力是影响各地区修船竞争力的主要因素,而修船竞争力主要取决于修船厂的地理位置、修船质量、修期和价格。从世界修船业的发展变化、中国修船业目前的现状以及面临的机遇与挑战,对中国修船业的发展提出若干见解。     

招投标中最低价中标法分析

如何使招投标既客观、公平、公正，最终达到有效控制工程造价、确保工程质量的目的，已经成为当前高速公路招投标工作中的一大难题。通过对辽宁省沈大高速公路改、扩建工程招投标中，采取目前国际上通用的最低标法，这一评标方法进行相关资料的分析，探讨研究最低投标价在国内建筑招投标市场上的规范运作。     

《铁路工程建设材料预算价格》的确定及主要特点

介绍了新颁布的<铁路工程建设材料预算价格>的确定及主要特点.     

近期宏观经济形势分析及对汽车行业的影响

近来宏观经济环境频传过热信号,宏观调控手段不断翻新。把握住当前经济动向,尤其是产业动向、投资动向、货币动向、消费动向等经济动向是关注的重点。通过对2004年前4个月份的重要经济指标进行分解和剖析,以及对国家具体宏观措施的阐述,对当前汽车产业的发展提出了一些中肯的参考意见。