Joint deployment of charging stations and photovoltaic power plants for electric vehicles

The focus of this study is to jointly design charging stations and photovoltaic (PV) power plants with time-dependent charging fee, to improve the management of the coupled transportation and power systems. We first propose an efficient and extended label-setting algorithm to solve the EV joint routing and charging problem that considers recharging amount choices at different stations and loop movement cases. Then, a variational inequality problem is formulated to model the equilibrium of EV traffic on transportation networks, and an optimal power flow model is proposed to model the power network flow with PV power plants and optimally serve the EV charging requirements. Based on the above models for describing system states, we then formulate a model to simultaneously design charging stations, PV plants, and time-dependent charging fee. A surrogate-based optimization (SBO) algorithm is adopted to solve the model. Numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed SBO algorithm performs well. Additionally, important insights concerning the infrastructure design and price management of the coupled transportation and power networks are derived accordingly.     

Learning marginal-cost pricing via a trial-and-error procedure with day-to-day flow dynamics

This paper investigates the convergence of the trial-and-error procedure to achieve the system optimum by incorporating the day-to-day evolution of traffic flows. The path flows are assumed to follow an ‘excess travel cost dynamics’ and evolve from disequilibrium states to the equilibrium day by day. This implies that the observed link flow pattern during the trial-and-error procedure is in disequilibrium. By making certain assumptions on the flow evolution dynamics, we prove that the trial-and-error procedure is capable of learning the system optimum link tolls without requiring explicit knowledge of the demand functions and flow evolution mechanism. A methodology is developed for updating the toll charges and choosing the inter-trial periods to ensure convergence of the iterative approach towards the system optimum. Numerical examples are given in support of the theoretical findings.     

理想AND/OR图搜索策略的推广

SUB和COM是专家系统推理网络图中常见的关系算子，AND和OR分别是SUB和COM算子的特例．建立在理想AND／OR图上的半景搜索法和最大优势搜索法可以推广到包含SUB和COM算子的理想非AND／OR图的搜索，而最大超越搜索法则可推广到包含回路结构的非理想AND／OR图的搜索．     

序列成本定价机制的公理化分析

研究了序列成本定价机制对同质分配模型公理体系的满足情况，并着重探讨了该机制与上限性、下限性、免费午餐、需求可控性和一致性公理的关系．在同质模型的前提下，序列成本定价满足除去成本函数单调性、一致性和需求可控性之外的所有公理特性要求．比较了序列成本定价机制和平均成本定价机制满足上限性、下限性、免费午餐、需求可控性等公理的情况．结果表明，当代理人的需求不易控制时，平均成本定价具有明显优势；反之序列成本定价较好．     

拥挤道路使用收费的理论构架

拥挤道路使用收费作为现代城市交通需求管理的有效措施在理论上和实践上都具有十分重要的意义。综述了拥脐道路使用收费的理论构架，包括静态拥脐道路使用收费的涵义，分类、理论基础及动态收费理论，这对进一步研究道路使用收费有一定的借鉴意义。     

考虑通道分工和竞争的客运专线定价方法

分析了中长途旅客运输市场竞争环境以及运输通道内既有线和客运专线合理分工．提出了客运专线多产品票价制定的多层规划模型．模型中不仅考虑了基于广义费用最小的旅客出行选择要求和运输企业效益最大化，并且兼顾了与客运通道内既有线的分工，其优化目标是得到最优或接近最优的票价制定方案．探讨了求解该模型的遗传算法．     

轮机英语教学中的纠错策略

语言教学者的纠错策略一直是语言教学研究的热点问题,第二语言教学中也出现了基于不同错误类型的纠错方法。本文以错误分析理论为依据,探讨了轮机英语教学中常见错误的应对策略,包括对错误应持的态度,纠正错误的原则、策略和技巧,以及实施补救性教学的方法,并建议轮机英语教师遵循IMO的Model Course倡导的交际法原则,在轮机英语教学过程中为学生提供有益的纠错和补救性教学,改进教学效果。     

浅谈自行车对城市交通的影响及发展对策

发展自行车交通与完善城市交通体系是密不可分的。建立安全、畅通、高效的交通网络系统，方便居民的出行．是目前及今后制定自行车交通发展战略应着重考虑的问题。     

客流因素影响地铁正点运营的分析与对策

随着地铁客流量的不断增长,因客流因素影响地铁正点运营情况日益突出。通过对客流因素影响时段、站点、形式、范围等具体分析,把握和了解客流因素影响具有时间高度集中、组织难度大、影响范围广、联动联控性强等特点。针对这些特点,提出降低客流因素影响的相关对策措施和建议,从优化行车组织方式、加大客流控制力度、强化关键卡控和硬件保障、优化作业程序、开展宣传教育等方面入手,进一步挖潜增效,提高运营质量和运输服务水平。     

海外总承包项目勘察设计工作特点及策略

介绍了海外总承包项目勘察设计工作特点,分析了国内设计企业在承担海外项目勘察设计过程中存在的主要问题,就如何更新设计理念、重视策划沟通、加强设计管理、提高设计质量、培养人才队伍、培育当地化勘察力量提出了建议意见,简要探讨了加强与海外咨询公司合作、推动中国标准走向世界等问题。对海外项目勘察设计工作有借鉴意义。