使用可用度在舰船装备论证中的约束作用

在舰船装备论证过程中,使用可用度不仅是装备保障能力的量化,还对装备的一些因素有着约束作用。分析使用可用度在论证过程中对装备数量、维修计划、随船备件满足率和全寿命周期费用的影响,建立这些参数之间的定性关系表达式,发现提高舰船使用可用度,有助于减少舰船装备数量和降低装备寿命周期费用,但也会缩短装备寿命期内的维修时间,并要求装备有较高的备件满足率。

     

新型滚镀锌生产线设计

从滚镀锌生产的整个工艺过程出发,对一些重要的工序和辅助设备进行了合理的设计,提出上料自动称重、脱脂液自动循环除油、镀锌槽自动循环过滤、镀槽外溶锌、不溶性阳极、分工位自动供电、自动添加、自动生成生产报表等设计理念,并使其应用于整个生产线的设计与安装。     

船舶柴油机SCR技术经济性分析

利用具体数据对选择性催化还原技术的经济性进行分析,从而证明SCR技术不仅能有效减少船舶柴油机氮氧化物的排放,而且在消耗费用上也非常乐观。     

浅谈汽车生产一致性管理方法与实施策略

强制性产品认证实施规则的发布及实施是国家维护消费者权益的一项强有力的措施,汽车是强制性产品认证中重要的一个模块,本文主要结合企业对生产一致性管理、生产一致性控制计划的维护、COC证书、CCC标志、关键件符合性等控制措施的实施,从而保障企业的质量保障能力,达到五个一致,即公告车型、试验样品、车辆产品、产品合格证、出厂车辆上传信息的一致性。     

自动敲击设备在汽车隔热板装配应用

在汽车市场竞争日益激烈的当今,智能装配是当下汽车生产的主流趋势。将自动敲击设备应用在汽车底盘隔热板的装配中,在满足生产节拍前提下,用机器人代替人工敲装,降低了人工成本,对汽车装配生产线的自动化实现有着积极而重要的作用。     

论纯电动乘用车总装生产线的设计

总装生产线设计开发是总装工程的重要内容。文章结合纯电动乘用车的结构特点及工艺要求,对其总装生产过程进行了深入研究及思考,然后以生产线设计步骤为主线,着重分析了基本信息的收集、工艺流程及主线的设计、工艺设备及工艺布局的选择等关键环节,最终提出了纯电动乘用车总装生产线设计工作的方法及要点,这些方法及要点对于总装生产线规划与设计具有一定的实用价值,能有效地保证开发质量、缩短开发周期、降低设计成本。此外,对于企业加快形成更加科学化、高效化、规范化的汽车总装生产新局面有积极的指导意义。     

论公路施工企业成本管理

结合我国施工企业的实际,探讨了施工企业加强成本管理的现实意义及管理中存在的问题,并从投标费用控制、公司管理费、项目经理部费用控制的全过程提出了解决企业成本管理的主要控制手段。     

试论全寿命分析法在路面设计中的应用

全寿命设计方法是一项较新的设计理念,将其用于路面设计目前为止还不多。讨论了美国相关法案(Pave- ment Division Interim Technical Bulletin)中的路面全寿命分析(LCCA)方法,并基于该思路提出了路面全寿命设计方法,试图建立全寿命路面设计的初步体系。     

Socially optimal electric driving range of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles

This study determines the optimal electric driving range of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) that minimizes the daily cost borne by the society when using this technology. An optimization framework is developed and applied to datasets representing the US market. Results indicate that the optimal range is 16 miles with an average social cost of $3.19 per day when exclusively charging at home, compared to $3.27 per day of driving a conventional vehicle. The optimal range is found to be sensitive to the cost of battery packs and the price of gasoline. When workplace charging is available, the optimal electric driving range surprisingly increases from 16 to 22 miles, as larger batteries would allow drivers to better take advantage of the charging opportunities to achieve longer electrified travel distances, yielding social cost savings. If workplace charging is available, the optimal density is to deploy a workplace charger for every 3.66 vehicles. Moreover, the diversification of the battery size, i.e., introducing a pair and triple of electric driving ranges to the market, could further decrease the average societal cost per PHEV by 7.45% and 11.5% respectively.     

Optimal bus fleet management strategy for emissions reduction

Transportation is a major cause for environmental degradation via exhaust emissions. For many transit-oriented metropolitan areas, bus trips often constitute a sizeable mode share. Managing the bus fleet, in particular updating buses to comply with the newer emissions standards, therefore, can have a substantial impact on transportation-induced air quality. This paper presents the approach of remaining life additional benefit–cost (RLABC) analysis for maximising the total net benefit by either early-retiring or retrofitting the current bus fleet within their lifespans. By referring to the net benefits for different bus types estimated by RLABC analysis, the most beneficial management scheme for the current bus fleet can be identified. Optimal bus fleet management (BFM) models based on the RLABC analysis for the operator and the government are developed. Then a government subsidy plan is produced to achieve win–win solutions, which will offer efficient and flexible management schemes. To illustrate the approach, the largest bus company in Hong Kong, which carries more than 23% of the total trips in Hong Kong, is taken as a case study example. Instead of adopting a fixed retirement plan, such as replacing buses at the age of 17 as is currently practised, the proposed method develops an optimal BFM scheme that progressively phases out buses or retrofits them. This study produces promising results to demonstrate the large benefit of this approach for optimal bus fleet management.