基于精益生产的制造企业管理创新模式探讨

面对市场竞争日益剧烈,对于制造业企业而言,做好精益生产工作至关重要。本文从精益生产视角切入,以制造企业管理为研究对象,详实阐述精益生产的基本内涵与基本特征,深刻论述精益生产对制造企业发展的重要意义,深入剖析制造企业精益生产改善的实施流程,并尝试从不同层面提出提高企业精益生产水平的发展策略,以期可以为制造企业创新发展提供些许有益思考。     

管子智能生产线数字化管理系统设计

为实现管子生产过程的智能化,设计一种高效的管子智能生产线数字化管理系统。涉及企业ERP系统、船舶中日程计划排程系统、供应链系统、车间MES系统、高级排程APS系统、设备监控SCADA系统、立体库管理WMS系统、车间拉料LES系统等先进的信息化管理系统,配合先进的生产设备和合理的生产线布置,可以有效节约生产成本,提高车间的生产效率,成为管子智能化生产的最佳示范车间,具有广阔的实际应用前景。     

现代有轨电车工程技术经济指标研究

现代有轨电车工程是一项复杂的系统工程,专业多、涉及面广、投资大,不同项目技术经济指标差异较大,已完项目造价指标为0.8~2.3亿元/正线公里,预计该指标每年将以6.2%的增长率继续增长。本文从天水市有轨电车示范线一期工程项目入手,同时参考国内其他有轨电车工程,通过分析各项目的初步设计概算数据,对现代有轨电车的投资构成及造价进行分析,为项目规划及可研阶段编制投资估算提供参考。     

A game model of international trade,transport costs,invasive species,and protocol compliance

We study the duopolistic interaction between two monopolists located in two different countries who sell an imperfect substitute good in two markets. The traded good is transported between the two nations on ships using solid wood packing materials (SWPMs) and hence the presence of one or more invasive species is a problem. We use a game model to analyze this interaction in three steps. First, we study the benchmark case of autarky or no trade between the two nations. Second, we introduce transport costs and then study the effect of free trade on the profits of the two monopolists. Finally, we suppose that invasive species are present in the SWPMs. This fact requires compliance with an environmental protocol. We model this compliance by increasing the transport costs associated with trade and then demonstrate that a version of the so called Porter hypothesis holds. In other words, we show that compliance with a cost increasing environmental protocol can give rise to higher profits for the two monopolists under consideration.     

Health externalities of ship air pollution at port – Piraeus port case study

This paper is employing the well-known methodology of impact pathway approach to assess the external costs in human health from ship air pollution at port areas. The passenger port of Piraeus, Greece is the scenery of the study. Piraeus port is in the vicinity of the greater Athens metropolitan area where almost half of the country’s population lives. Hence, this port is the central hub of the Greek coastal passenger ship system which connects the islands of the Aegean Sea with land and is characterized by heavy ship traffic. The case study presented in this paper assesses the annual external cost in human health from air emissions produced by all passenger ships and cruise ships calling the port of Piraeus. Health cost from ships at port has been estimated at both local (Athens metropolitan area) and regional level (entire territory of Greece). Results show that higher costs occur at the local level. The dominant pollutants creating this cost are particulate matter (PM_2.5, and PM₁₀). Overall, the results indicate that the health impact of Piraeus’s passenger port emissions is not negligible; however the cost of PM₁₀ is considerably lower than the corresponded cost deriving from the land based industries of the Athens regional area for which comparison has been available.     

The development of a decision making framework for evaluating the trade-off solutions of cleaner seaborne transportation

The general rise in marine fuel prices in combination with ever-more stringent environmental regulations resulting from IMO conventions and EU Directives have become the main industry drivers for seaborne transportation to become cleaner and more energy efficient. Compliance with existing and soon-to-be-enacted regulations requires evaluating the trade-off between often-conflicting options to select the best available technology or fuel source. Although the traditional way of dealing with this issue has been to apply a cost benefit analysis, this kind of analysis does not adequately consider the complexities of the problem, such as incorporating linguistic preferences or interrelations amongst attributes, experts and their preferences.The challenge in such an analysis corresponds to that of a multiple attribute decision-making problem in which a finite number of alternatives are assessed with regards to a finite number of attributes and experts and ranked from the best to the worst.In this paper, a comprehensive and holistic decision-making framework is proposed to overcome the barriers of cost-benefit analysis techniques, facilitating the inclusion of all possible combinations of decision-making parameters and their discrete values, which will eventually help the industry achieve cleaner seaborne transportation.To demonstrate the applicability of the proposed framework, this paper focuses on a real-life study case involving an environmental compliance problem in the Port of Copenhagen, Denmark, in relation to a particular EU Directive. In conclusion, the proposed framework can be applied as a generalised decision-making model to similar compliance issues encountered within other modes of transportation such as rail and road.     

京沪高速铁路CRTS Ⅱ型轨道板预制生产线设计研究

结合固镇轨道板场建厂经验,从预制车间厂房设计、张拉台座设计、机械设备配置、供水、采暖、电器、供气等方面对CRTS Ⅱ型轨道板2×42预制生产线的设计进行介绍。     

集装箱全流通运输模式研究

从降低成本、节能减排的角度出发,探索一条高效率和高效益的集装箱全流通运输模式,通过举例说明此种运输模式的实际应用,提出了需要解决的问题及解决办法。     

论新铁路工程费用定额的变革

新一轮铁路工程费用定额的代表《铁路基本建设工程设计概（预）算编制办法》已经正式发布实施，它将成为今后一定时期内铁路工程设计概（预）算编制的依据。此文重点论述了新《铁路基本建设工程设计概（预）算编制办法》较原概算编制办法的一些主要变革及其特点，希望能对大家更好地使用该费用定额起到引路的作用。     

城市小汽车出行成本计量模型研究

在出行成本定义的基础上,提出了城市小汽车出行成本的构成,构建出城市小汽车出行成本各构成部分的计算模型。基于对广州市小汽车的出行成本分析计算,根据计算结果及各部分成本比例,对我国城市小汽车发展对策进行研究探讨。