基于生产函数的长江航道对长江经济带的科技贡献度测算

为明确长江航道对长江经济带的科技贡献作用,运用扩展的柯布-道格拉斯生产函数模型定量计算长江航道对长江经济带的科技贡献度。结果表明,2005-2017年长江航道科技对长江经济带的平均贡献度为38.31%,整体水平较高,科技进步对长江经济带的发展拉动作用明显。     

海军舰船技术保障决策支持系统的设计与实现

根据决策支持系统理论,提出一个由综合服务器、保障决策台和态势仿真台构成的海军舰船技术保障决策支持系统架构.在对决策领域问题分析的基础上,给出了典型问题求解模型实现的技术途径和算法.设计的"出题一析题一解题"决策过程,有利于决策问题和问题求解的相互独立.     

Bicycle lane priority: Promoting bicycle as a green mode even in congested urban area

The main obstacles to boosting the bicycle as a mode of transport are safety concerns due to interactions with motorized traffic. One option is to separate cyclists from motorists through exclusive bicycle priority lanes. This practice is easily implemented in uncongested traffic. Enforcing bicycle lanes on congested roads may degenerate the network, making the idea very hard to sell both to the public and the traffic authorities. Inspired by Braess Paradox, we take an unorthodox approach to seeking latent misutilized capacity in the congested networks to be dedicated to exclusive bicycle lanes. The aim of this study is to tailor an efficient and practical method to large size urban networks. Hence, this paper appeals to policy makers in their quest to scientifically convince stakeholder that bicycle is not a secondary mode, rather, it can be greatly accommodated along with other modes even in the heart of the congested cities. In conjunction with the bicycle lane priority, other policy measures such as shared bicycle scheme, electric-bike, integration of public transport and bicycle are also discussed in this article. As for the mathematical methodology, we articulated it as a discrete bilevel mathematical programing. In order to handle the real networks, we developed a phased methodology based on Branch-and-Bound (as a solution algorithm), structured in a less intensive RAM manner. The methodology was tested on real size network of city of Winnipeg, Canada, for which the total of 30 road segments – equivalent to 2.77 km bicycle lanes – in the CBD were found.     

绞吸挖泥船计算机辅助疏浚决策系统

介绍了自主开发研制的绞吸挖泥船计算机辅助疏浚决策系统的主要功能。该系统针对土质变化,运用多项高新技术,监测绞吸挖泥船的工作状态,建立施工参数与挖掘土质及产量的相互关系,通过分析、优化、辅助决策与提示,指导疏浚操作人员对疏浚参数的优化改进,从而提高绞吸挖泥船的生产效率。该系统已通过天津市科技成果鉴定和中港集团验收,并在集团多条绞吸船上推广使用,效果良好。     

Annual uptake of atmospheric CO2 by the Weddell Sea derived from a surface layer balance, including estimations of entrainment and new production

Data from two cruises, one in April/May 1996 and one in December/January 1993, covering the same wide area in the offshore Weddell Sea, were used to derive the annual extent of entrainment and the capacity of the biological pump. The former property was obtained with the help of dissolved oxygen data, whereas the latter was approximated with nutrients. Especially the data from April/May, representing the initial state of the winter surface layer, were crucial to assess the annual extent of these processes. The results were applied to our carbon dioxide data. The annual increase of the Total CO₂ (TCO₂) concentration in the surface layer due to vertical transport amounts to 16.3 μmol kg⁻¹. An entrainment rate of deep water in the surface layer amounting to 35±10 m yr⁻¹ was deduced. The compensating, biologically mediated TCO₂ reduction was calculated to be larger than the TCO₂ increase due to vertical transport. Since the balance of these two processes determines whether the Weddell Sea is a source or a sink of CO₂, this indicates that the Weddell Sea, albeit upwelling area, is definitely a sink for atmospheric CO₂ on an annual basis. This conclusion is further supported by contemplations that the biological drawdown of CO₂ in the Weddell Sea as a whole is probably underestimated by our calculations. The new production for the Weddell Sea on a per unit area basis was found to be much higher than that for the Antarctic Ocean, when the latter value is being obtained by traditional biological methods. On the other hand, the CO₂ uptake by the Weddell Sea on a per unit area basis is somewhat smaller than the CO₂ uptake by the world ocean.     

CA488发动机排气门生产国产化

用新试制的21—2N钢和国产21—4N钢进行了CHRYSLER(CA488)引进发动机排气门生产国产化试验。试验结果表明，CA488发动机排气门生产国产化是可行的，新试制的21—2N钢冷热加工性能优于21—4N钢。对新试制的21—2N钢进行了50～250MPa应力范围和700～850℃温度范围的高温持久拉伸试验，与21—4N钢数据比较结果表明，两种钢的高温持久强度基本接近。     

公路排水系统设计参数研究

为了解决非单一纵坡条件下沟渠设计纵坡的确定问题，提出了沟渠名义设计纵坡的概念，给出了相应的计算公式。根据各类沟渠的结构重要性、损坏后果、修复可易性、使用要求以及国外的相关规定，提出了路界表面排水设施的设计降雨重现期和安全高度建议值。此外，讨论了沟管冲淤条件和允许最小纵坡的关系，对现行公路排水设计规范中的相应规定提出了修改建议。该成果可用于公路排水设计，也可为以后的规范修订提供技术支持。     

机械加工乳化液净化再生治理工艺参数的研究

对乳化液经过充氧、二级垂直磁化、吸附过滤净化工艺过程进行了研究，延长其使用寿命为原来的4倍以上，节省大量乳化液，减少排污量；废乳化液电凝聚处理最佳条件：极板间距10mm、电流密度5mA／cm^3、凝聚时间30min等，处理后出水：COD760mg／L、NO2^-180mg／L、pH9．2，可以用来循环配制乳化液，性能符合GB6144～85标准要求；优化出化学混凝处理废乳化液的最佳混凝剂为PAC PAM及酸性A1C13废液，操作条件为pH=6．0～7．5，投量PAC：2g／L、PAM：20mg／I。；酸性A1C13废液：18ml/L，出水不能用来配制乳化液；混凝絮渣经浓盐酸处理：每升乳化废液混凝产生的絮渣需12mL浓盐酸，油被溶出约16mL／L，余下的混合液可用来循环处理废乳化液；实现以废治废、出水循环使用、清洁生产的目的．     

水位变动较大河道环保疏浚与底泥处置方案

为解决水位变动较大河道的环保疏浚与底泥处置问题,基于山美水库进库河道段疏浚工程,总结如何合理地选择疏浚时机,采用适合特定水位下的疏浚设备统筹施工,利用太阳能自然干化降低底泥含水率,从而提高生产效率、节约成本,为后续工程提供经验借鉴。     

数字化造船生产设计管理研究

随着数字化造船技术的迅猛发展和船舶先进制造技术在船舶设计、制造规范应用,针对基于数字化的生产设计体系的不断完善,文章分析了船舶设计管理体制基本方式和内容,结合数字化造船生产设计的特点和现代管理理论,提出数字化生产设计过程管理的要点和方法,建立了基本的管理体系.