The flying sidekick traveling salesman problem: Optimization of drone-assisted parcel delivery

Once limited to the military domain, unmanned aerial vehicles are now poised to gain widespread adoption in the commercial sector. One such application is to deploy these aircraft, also known as drones, for last-mile delivery in logistics operations. While significant research efforts are underway to improve the technology required to enable delivery by drone, less attention has been focused on the operational challenges associated with leveraging this technology. This paper provides two mathematical programming models aimed at optimal routing and scheduling of unmanned aircraft, and delivery trucks, in this new paradigm of parcel delivery. In particular, a unique variant of the classical vehicle routing problem is introduced, motivated by a scenario in which an unmanned aerial vehicle works in collaboration with a traditional delivery truck to distribute parcels. We present mixed integer linear programming formulations for two delivery-by-drone problems, along with two simple, yet effective, heuristic solution approaches to solve problems of practical size. Solutions to these problems will facilitate the adoption of unmanned aircraft for last-mile delivery. Such a delivery system is expected to provide faster receipt of customer orders at less cost to the distributor and with reduced environmental impacts. A numerical analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of the heuristics and investigates the tradeoffs between using drones with faster flight speeds versus longer endurance.     

定量技术在提高车船实载率中的应用

本文通过线性规划模型以及运用手工计算两种定量方法，给出了在货源、货类较多的情况下，对运输工具进行配载，以求得在充分利用运输工具的额定载重量和限定容积的情况下，同时获得最大的运费收入，从而提高运输企业的效率和效益。     

Merging bus routes in Hong Kong’s central business district: Analysis and models

A significant portion of the 200,000 people working in Hong Kong’s central business district (CBD) relies on buses as their primary means of transport. During peak hours, nearly a thousand double-decker buses pour into a tiny area of 150 ha. This causes traffic congestion and air pollution. Moreover, given that the flow is uni-directional (into the CBD in the morning and out of the CBD in the afternoon), the occupancy of buses in the CBD is actually low.In this paper, we propose to reduce traffic congestion and to increase bus occupancy by merging bus routes. We describe the peculiar situation of the CBD in Hong Kong and explain the necessary conditions for the possible success of merging routes. Our analysis shows that merging will lead to an overall benefit for all parties, including government, bus operators, and passengers. The actual merging decisions, which routes to merge and at what frequencies buses should run, are determined by a mathematical model. The model also shows quantitatively the benefits of merging routes and the impacts of other factors. The procedure that we follow and the model that we adopt can be applied to other CBD.     

型钢加工机器人运行轨迹偏差补偿

提出一个离线编程控制的机器人运行轨迹补偿方法,以解决通用机器人无法适应变形型钢的切割加工难题.一个激光传感器安装在机器人臂端,在机器人执行划线、切割加工前,通过激光位移传感器对工件的形状和位置进行检测,测量数据经数据处理转化为型钢采样点三维坐标,构建型钢实际形状的简化三维模型,并按补偿规则计算加工图形要素补偿量,在线修正机器人运行轨迹坐标.     

基于图形化编程语言的列车人机界面设计

详细介绍一种适用于城市地铁车辆人机界面的设计方案.通过对比分析,选择功能强大的x86架构硬件平台、开源但稳定性好的Linux系统及图形化编程语言LabVIEW.组建并论述人杌界面的整体架构和各个界面的对应功能,实验结果验证了系统设计方案的正确性和优越性.     

第三方物流选择的双层规划模型及其求解算法

在B2C外包环境下,选择合适的第三方物流提供商对成功实施物流外包至关重要。在遵循市场规律下,引入产品的需求一价格弹性因素,在考虑电商和第三方物流市场各自利益及共同利益的基础上,建立了第三方物流提供商选择问题的双层规划模型,同时利用贪婪算法的思想设计了相应的启发式算法求解。通过算例验证了模型及算法的可行性和有效性。     

一种可在线调整的列车正点运行节能操纵控制算法

在给定列车站间运行时分的前提下,以能耗和时间成本最小为优化目标,以列车牵引力、制动力和速度为约束函数,建立基于列车受力特征函数的运动方程.运用动态规划法和二分法,通过回溯计算,建立回溯记录表和调整目标函数价值关系系数,设计列车离线最优节能操纵和正点运行在线调整的控制算法.算例分析以及与基于极大值原理的正点节能方案对比结果表明,给出的算法不仅可以获得与传统算法相似的离线最优节能操纵方案,而且可以对外界干扰做出动态响应,在线调整运行轨迹,在保证正点的前提下控制列车节能运行.     

基于弹性需求均衡分配的道路网络扩容模型及算法

通过改进现有道路网络中某些路段的通行能力,从而使整个道路网络通行能力达到系统最优,采用双层最优化数学模型对基于弹性需求的均衡分配道路网络设计的扩容问题进行了描述,给出了求解该模型的模拟退火算法,通过算例验证了该模型的可行性,说明该方法具有较好的实用性。     

多年道路养护策略的优化模型及应用

道路养护策略优化的目的是在有限资源约束条件下,使养护后的路面性能最大化.基于Markov链模拟路面在不同养护方式下的状态转移关系以及相应的费用关系,提出的有关整数规划模型优化路网养护策略,及对路面养护费用与路面性能关系的敏感性分析方法,具有较强的工程应用性,并有助于管理者在资金预算时的科学决策.     

面向船舶小组立的门式机器人焊接系统应用

整理焊接机器人软硬件的发展情况。通过与传统制造过程的生产效率对比,论述门式机器人焊接系统在船舶小组立中的应用优势,梳理该系统的应用难题,并提出该系统的发展方向,为船舶制造在精益生产、智能制造、数字化/自动化/集成化方面补齐短板。