高等级公路监理工程项目管理综述

监理是一个项目管理的系统工程,有着严格的制度和程序,有助于有效控制工程的进度、质量和费用,实时监测发现施工过程中的问题,第一时间进行反馈,保证路面施工质量,对后续路面开放运营的质量具有明显作用.     

Wear simulation for the centre plate arrangement of a freight car

The bodies of many railway freight cars in many countries of the world are coupled to the running gear by means of a body centre plate that makes a friction pair with a centre bowl. During motion, the bogie is rotated and moved with respect to the car body. This leads to wear on the contact surfaces. Lubrication is inexpedient in this case because the friction forces damp the vibrations (so-called bogie hunting) during motion. Usually, centre plates exhibit noticeable wear after two years of operation. Reducing wear requires knowing details of the wear process which, in turn, requires computer simulation of freight car motion for an operation period of 10–15 years. The purpose of this paper is to develop a universal method for wear simulation of friction pairs that could be used, in particular, for the centre plate of a freight car.     

关于木材运输船安全运输的几点分析

木材船海上运输具有一定的风险,一旦积载和绑扎不当或管理不妥,造成货物滚动、移位、货垛倒塌,就会引发安全事故甚至导致船舶倾覆。因此,加强木材船的安全管理,落实各项安全保障措施,是确保木材船安全运输生产的重要举措。     

浅谈合同管理在公路工程建设管理中的作用

合同管理贯穿于公路工程建设的整个过程,阐述了合同管理在招投标、施工等工程建设管理、造价控制中的作用。     

和谐管理理论在施工企业二次经营中的应用

为提高施工企业二次经营水平,对二次经营的概念和范围的界定进行详细阐述,并就和谐管理理论引入到二次经营工作中。在二次经营阶段通过确定项目和谐主题,建立谐则机制和和则机制并进行有效结合,使项目参建人员通过学习相关知识,提高认识,积极开展施工方案优化,有效控制项目成本,优质的完成所承建的工程任务,取得业主和监理单位的认同,为二次经营创造条件。并就开展二次经营组织机构的建立,相关制度、管理办法、管理措施的制定进行阐述。     

谈工程造价人员的职业生涯之路

在总结理论学习与实践经验的基础上,明确工程造价人员的执业范围,论述工程造价人员的成长之路、职业之路,即3种途径（学历教育、职业教育、继续教育）、3种能力（基本能力、专业能力、专家能力）、3个阶段（确定阶段、审核阶段、编制阶段）。并从不同角度对其理论意义与实践加以阐述,最后得出基础和专业知识的应用趋势是一个由应用到创造再到创新的过程。     

长江南京以下12.5 m深水航道二期工程环境保护工作管理

针对长江南京以下12.5 m深水航道二期工程整治河段多、环境复杂、涉及环境敏感区密集、社会敏感度高等问题,分析工程可能对周边环境造成的影响,明确工程涉及的主要环境问题。通过建立工程环境保护工作管理组织机构及制定环境保护工作管理原则,对工程建设进行全过程环境保护管理。实践表明工程环境保护工作成效显著,实现了工程建设和生态建设的和谐统一。     

Inventory,Classification, and Analysis of Special Management Areas Associated with U.S. Coastal Programs

Area-based management approaches may be beneficial in integrating sectoral, single-purpose laws and regulations; however, these benefits may not be attained if special area designations are equally sectoral or single-purpose in nature. Over 60 types of special management areas were documented under U.S. coastal programs, and a new classification scheme was developed to allow comparisons and analyses across programs. Results indicate that requirements and incentives for special area designations under the Coastal Zone Management Act did little to standardize or influence area-based management systems associated with state and territory coastal programs. Further, the absence of clear patterns within and between coastal programs with respect to special area policies suggests a limited commitment to this important aspect of coastal management. Continued research is needed to document the effectiveness of the various area-based management approaches presented in this article.     

Monitoring Human Activity in an Area Dedicated to the Protection of the Endangered Mediterranean Monk Seal

Mediterranean monk seal populations have declined dramatically and survive in subpopulations scattered throughout their original distribution. The National Marine Park of Alonnisos, Northern Sporades is the first marine protected Area dedicated to the protection of the species in the Mediterranean. A Monitoring and Awareness Project has been carried out in the area from 1993 to 2000, the results of which have produced a detailed profile of the human usage pattern of the Park and indicated a significant reduction of illegal activities in the area. The pattern of human usage has enabled the monitoring team to adjust their efforts in the Park over time and provided essential baseline data for future management. The combined monitoring and awareness efforts have contributed significantly to the conservation of the Mediterranean monk seal by successfully protecting pupping sites and reducing human-induced mortality of the species in the area.     

Economic Valuation of Coastal and Marine Resources: Bohol Marine Triangle,Philippines

This article provides results on the net benefits generated from the natural resources in the Bohol Marine Triangle (BMT) in the Philippines. The BMT spans over 112,000 ha and its coastal ecosystems are rich in biodiversity and provide economic opportunities to the coastal communities. With a 10% discount rate, the accumulated total net benefits for the BMT resources over a 10-year period is US$11.54 million. Tourism and the municipal fisheries are the most important direct use values of the coastal and marine resources of the BMT accounting for 44% and 39% of the total net benefits. Annual revenues attributed to ecosystems were as follows: coral reefs, US$1.26 million; beach/intertidal area, US$1.12 million; marine waters, US$646,501; mangrove, US$239,561; and seagrass, US$105,990. The large market values indicate the dependence of the local community on the BMT coastal and marine resources. In the same way, non-market values show the important life-support functions of coastal and marine ecosystems. The net benefits reflect the magnitude of potential losses due to improper management of coastal and marine resources in the BMT. This valuation highlights the importance of the coastal services to the BMT economy and draws attention to the benefits the local stakeholders derive from BMT coastal resources. Policy measures can now take into account these values to justify a sufficient investment in coastal management efforts to sustain the flow of coastal services in the interest of current and future generations.