An analysis of the determinants of children’s weekend physical activity participation

This paper examines the out-of-home, weekend, time-use patterns of children aged 5–17 years, with a specific emphasis on their physical activity participation. The impact of several types of factors, including individual and household demographics, neighborhood demographics, built environment characteristics, and activity day variables, on physical activity participation is analyzed using a joint nested multiple discrete–continuous extreme value-binary choice model. The sample for analysis is drawn from the 2000 San Francisco Bay Area Travel Survey. The model developed in the paper can be used to assess the impacts of changing demographics and built environment characteristics on children’s physical activity levels.     

Trip Chain's Activity Type Recognition Based on Support Vector Machine

This paper focuses on support vector machine (SVM) based trip chain's activity type recognition. First, the time-series location information of person trip is processed to obtain the trip chain elements including moving processes and activities, and the activity options are extracted from the geographic information system (GIS) around the activity sites. Second, the activity features are drawn from spatio-temporal factors of trip chain to serve as the input feature vector of classifier. A SVM based one-to-one classifier is established and the method of one-to-one classifier voting is adopted to decide the most likely activity type from the activity options. Finally, the classifiers are trained with simulation data based on the Gaussian radial basis (RBF) kernel function and the multilayer perception (MLP) kernel function respectively, and then examined by cross validation. The result shows that in the one-to-one classifying scheme, the highest and lowest right recognition rate with RBF are 99% and 62%, and the corresponding results with MLP are 97% and 54%, respectively.     

街道交通整治研究思路及工程案例

街道交通重构是塑造功能多样性活力街区的有效途径。该文首先结合街道功能的更新,阐述了街道设计完善历程中的街道运动,包括街道瘦身计划、交通安抚计划和绿色街道计划,然后提出了街道交通整治的理念及目标,并结合工程实际案例加以论述。     

军事应用活动仿真建模研究

针对应用活动视图的不足,按照能力需求的分析思路,结合能力模型特点,提出了一种对应用活动视图规范化建模的方法,以详细描述能力模型的动态行为。同时,利用BNF将模型定义为XML格式文档,使模型文件具有良好的可读性、扩展性和重用性,并可以方便地向仿真模型实例转化,有利于实现模型可执行仿真。     

Women’s mode and trip structure choices in daily activity-travel: a developing country perspective

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we analyze the travel patterns of Iranian women, where typical patriarchal views and specific social and cultural norms may differ from the patterns of those in western societies. In addition to inherent psycho-physical gender differences, women in Iran can face special constraints forcing them not to be involved in all activity-travel patterns that people in developed countries usually undertake. We pay special attention to the role of marital and employment status on women’s activity-travel patterns. To this end, we develop a joint mode and daily activity pattern (DAP) discrete choice model, which is a two-level mixed nested Logit. The upper nest of the proposed model embodies women’s DAP choices, and the lower nest belongs to the mode choices. In this paper, we try to show how different factors in a patriarchal Muslim society like Iran affect or restrict women’s type and structure of activity-travel patterns.     

大鼠海马神经元自发放电对皮下注射福尔马林的反应

采用玻璃微电极细胞外记录法，观察了清醒完整大鼠海马神经元自发放电对皮下注射福尔马林的反应。结呆显示，在海马CA2／CA3区可记录到痛兴奋、痛抑制和非痛敏三种神经元。同侧前爪皮下注射福尔马林后，痛兴奋神经元的自发放电显著增多，而痛抑制神经元的自发放电显著减少，这种变化在给予福尔马林后30min左右达到最大值，在60min左右恢复到对照水平；但在给予福尔马林后，非痛敏神经元的自发放电无明显变化。以上实验结果提供了在福尔马林痛模型中，海马在痛感受或痛反应过程中发挥一定作用的电生理证据。     

历法在宋朝对外交往中的作用

历法在古代的政治活动中具有十分重要的意义，奉谁家正塑朋来就是表明政治态度的大是大非问题。处于多元交汇中的宋代，外交活动频仍，而历法在其中起了不容忽视的作用。本就历法在宋与辽、夏、金、南唐、大理、交趾等的交往中所起的作用作了探讨，分析了在不同层次的政治交往中历法所扮演的不同角色；颁赐历法，是实行统治的象征；改易历法，意味着政权之间关系的变化；历法之争，实质上是皇权地位的正统之争。     

粉煤灰活性测试方法研究

针对粉煤灰的传统分级评价指标(比表面积指标)，不能够完整反应出粉煤灰活性的问题，在室内通过大量实验对粉煤灰的活性测试方法及评价进行了研究。研究中选取了9种不同类型的粉煤灰，运用不同方法对活性进行了测试。在对比细度以及活性度指标基础上，提出了粉煤灰活性指数指标HH，该指标将粉煤灰的外部宏观细度控制指标(比表面积)及内部活性控制指标(活性度)有机地结合在一起。最后实测了HH与二灰砂砾早期强度之间的关系，强度试验结果表明，该指标能够用于评价粉煤灰的活性，并且测试方法简单，利于推广应用。     

隐性缺铁婴幼儿脑功率谱及脑地形图变化研究

采用严格配对的研究方法，对２０对６～３０个月隐性缺铁（ＬａｔｅｎｔＩｒｏｎＤｅｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙ，ＬＩＤ）婴幼儿进行了脑功率谱和脑地形图分析。结果显示ＬＩＤ患儿在右后顶部、左中后颈、右中颞及前中央顶部α１能量减低，提示ＬＩＤ患儿大脑发育比正常组婴幼儿落后。     

中国铁路运输成本计算系统的研究

在中国铁路运输成本计算系统（ＣＲＣＳ）中，将铁路运输生产过程划分为发送、中转、运行和到达４个作业环节，并通过确定作业量以及对应的单位变动支出计算铁路运输成本。此外，对运输成本信息的运用以及计算机实现进行了讨论。