新建与既有地铁隧道正交段施工力学行为研究

研究目的:以深圳地铁3号线盾构隧道下穿1号线既有隧道为工程背景,利用FLAC3D软件进行有限元数值模拟施工三维力学行为,探讨施工过程地层应力的变化幅度及影响范围、结构内力及结构安全性,提出确保新建隧道施工和既有隧道运营安全的措施和建议。研究结论:在施工阶段既有隧道附加应力的分布均为以下洞中心线为中心对称轴成左右对称状态,下洞施工过程中会引起既有隧道的沉降和附加应力的增大,目标面盾构隧道管片衬砌最大内力值的位置都在下洞两侧拱腰管片衬砌,应对上下两洞间的地层及时注浆进行加固。当施工结束时,目标面盾构隧道管片的主应力值达到最大。     

钢管桁架斜塔力学性能分析

以某自锚式斜吊杆悬索桥工程为背景,对该桥钢管桁架斜塔的力学性能进行分析。通过运用有限元软件对该桥主塔分别进行静力分析、特征值屈曲分析、几何非线性和材料非线性稳定性计算,得出在不同荷载工况下该桥的受力状态和稳定系数,并对计算结果进行分析。     

考虑车辆价值的倒计时信号交叉口 驾驶员驾驶行为建模

为了发现车辆价值是否对驾驶员在倒计时信号交叉口的驾驶行为产生影响, 以激进型驾驶行为、普通型驾驶行为和保守型驾驶行为为典型的驾驶行为,运用交叉口 录像获取数据方法,采集了车辆经过典型倒计时信号交叉口时的车辆价值、车速、倒计时 剩余时间、所在车道等具体数据,并对3 种驾驶行为进行了判定,建立了分时段的倒计时 信号交叉口驾驶行为Logistic 模型.结果表明,在红灯倒计时显示的3~0 s 时间段内,与保 守型驾驶行为相比,激进型驾驶行为与车辆价值、车速、所在车道有关系,普通型驾驶行 为仅与车辆价值、车速有关系;在绿灯倒计时显示时间为3~0 s 与n ~3 s 的时间段内,激进 型驾驶行为与普通型驾驶行为与车辆价值、车速有关系.结果说明,驾驶员所驾驶的车辆 价值对驾驶员在倒计时信号交叉口的驾驶行为产生影响.     

石板山隧道斜井与正洞交叉段施工方法与技术

根据石板山隧道两斜井与正洞相交处的实际地质情况,施工时在Ⅲ级围岩胡雷斜井交点处采用了中导洞爬坡扩挖到正洞,然后反向挑顶、钢拱架及锚杆支护加固等措施;在Ⅳ级围岩的胡仁斜井交点处采用两台阶变三台阶的扩顶施工,详述了相应的施工工艺。实践证明,两种挑顶施工方法切实可行,安全、快速进入到隧道正洞施工,为类似工程提供借鉴。     

塞尔的专名意向性理论评析

专名理论历来受到语言学家和哲学家的重视,对理解许多语言现象具有重要意义。本文在简要介绍专名的两大核心理论摹状词理论和历史因果理论的基础上,重点对塞尔的专名意向性理论进行了介绍和评析,认为塞尔的意向性决定专名指称的观点开拓了专名理论研究的范围,促进了对专名涵义的更深理解。     

独斜塔斜拉桥抗震的功率谱法与反应谱法分析

以厦门马新特大桥主桥为工程背景,建立塔、梁、墩固结体系独塔混合梁斜拉桥的三维空间有限元模型,对其结构动力特性和地震响应进行了计算分析。采用反应谱法和随机振动的功率谱法分别计算了E1地震作用下,结构的位移响应和内力响应,考虑了顺桥向＋竖向和横桥向＋竖向两种工况。分析表明,两种分析方法的计算结果基本一致,功率谱的计算结果较反应谱的略大。     

Evaluating the environmental impacts of online shopping: A behavioral and transportation approach

Various fields and commercial sectors have witnessed a transformation with the advent of the internet. In the last decade, the retail sector in particular has witnessed the massive growth of e-commerce. This has also significantly altered our shopping experiences, influencing a range of decisions, from where, how, and how much to shop. With the consistent growth of e-commerce transactions, more trucks than ever before are entering cities today, bringing with them the negative externalities of increased congestion and pollution. This study first unravels underlying shopping behaviors–both in-store and online–using the 2016 American Time Use Survey (ATUS) data. The authors also develop an econometric behavioral model to understand the factors that affect shopping decisions. At a macro level, the disaggregate individual shopping behaviors are studied by implementing the model to synthetic populations to estimate potential vehicle miles traveled and environmental emissions in two metropolitan areas, Dallas and San Francisco (SF). Finally, the study estimates the impacts of rush deliveries, basket size, and consolidation levels by developing a breakeven analysis between in-store and online shopping. These results confirm the importance of managing the urban freight system, including delivery services and operations, to foster a more sustainable urban environment.     

The impact of transit station areas on the travel behaviors of workers in Denver,Colorado

Transit development is one planning strategy that seeks to partially overcome limitations of low-density single use car oriented development styles. While many studies focus on how residential proximity to transit influences the travel behaviors of individuals, the effect of workplace proximity to transit is less understood. This paper asks, does working near a light rail transit station influence the travel behaviors of workers differently than workers living near a station? We begin by examining workers’ commute mode based on their residential and workplace proximity to transit station areas. Next, we analyze the ways in which personal travel behaviors differ between those who drive to work and those who do not. The data came from a 2009 travel behavior survey in the Denver, Colorado metropolitan area, which contains 8000 households, 16,000 individuals, and nearly 80,000 trips. We measure sustainable travel behaviors as reduced mileage, reduced number of trips, and increased use of non-car transportation. The results of this study indicate that living near a transit station area by itself does not increase the likelihood of using non-car modes for work commutes. But if the destination (work) is near a transit station area, persons are less likely to drive a car to work. People who both live and work in a transit station area are less likely to use a car and more likely to take non-car modes for both work and non-work (personal) trips. Especially for persons who work near a transit station area, the measures of personal trips and distances show a higher level of mobility for non-car commuters than car commuters – that is, more trips and more distant trips. The use of non-car modes for personal trips is most likely to occur by non-car commuters, regardless of their transit station area relationship.     

钢纤维砼在路桥工程中的应用综述

根据国内外有关试验和施工资料,分析了钢纤维及钢纤维砼(SFRC)的基本性质.对钢纤维砼在路桥工程中的应用进行了全面介绍.最后对钢纤维砼在路桥工程设计和施工中的有关事项作了较为详细地论述.     

正规了望的要义及要领分析

分析了正规了望的内涵,提出了加强正规了望的具体方法及措施,对船舶的安全航行具有一定的指导意义。