行人过街风格多参数融合识别

行人作为城市慢行交通系统中的弱势群体,探究其过街行为特征,对减少人车冲突,提升行人过街的本质安全具有重要的现实意义。本文针对特定交叉口,设计自由过街及心理临界过街两种场景状态下的行人过街试验。分析过街速度、心理临界时窗及视觉特性等参数之间的耦合关系,选取风险感知因子与临界安全系数作为心理临界过街状态下行人风格的表征指标,构建过街风格识别模型,透析不同风格行人过街行为可靠性。结果表明：年龄对过街速度和心理临界时窗有显著影响;心理临界时窗与过街速度和信号灯区域注视概率呈负相关关系,与车行区域注视概率呈正相关;心理临界过街状态下,依据风格识别结果,男性谨慎程度高于女性,冒险型行人过街失败率为65.22%;冒险型老年人对自身运动机能的评估能力以及视觉搜索特征存在重要缺憾。研究结果可为交叉口基础设施设计与优化,行人过街教育与培训等提供参考。     

Train rescheduling model with train delay and passenger impatience time in urban subway network

This paper considers the train rescheduling problem with train delay in urban subway network. With the objective of minimizing the negative effect of train delay to passengers, which is quantified with a weighted combination of travel time cost and the cost of giving up the planned trips, train rescheduling model is proposed to jointly synchronize both train delay operation constraints and passenger behavior choices. Space–time network is proposed to describe passenger schedule‐based path choices and obtain the shortest travel times. Impatience time is defined to describe the intolerance of passengers to train delay. By comparing the increased travel time due to train delay with the passenger impatience time, a binary variable is defined to represent whether the passenger will give up their planned trips or not. The proposed train rescheduling model is implemented using genetic algorithm, and the model effectiveness is further examined through numerical experiments of real‐world urban subway train timetabling test. Duration effects of the train delay to the optimization results are analyzed. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

TCP缓释陶瓷材料的研究

以无定型磷酸三钙为基体，通过加入微量元素Cu,制备出具有缓释作用的陶瓷材料。通过不浸实验和XRD研究了缓释陶瓷的金融离子Cu释放速度以及陶瓷材料的微观结构。     

Performance comparison between pedestrian push-button and pre-timed pedestrian crossings at midblock: a Korean case study

Walking has been highlighted as an independent transportation mode as well as an access/egress mode to/from public transit to encourage the use of more sustainable transport systems. However, walking does not seem to have priority over other transportation modes, especially in areas where various modes of movement are in conflict. The pedestrian push-button system seems to be a solution to distribute the right of way. The focus of this study is on the performance issue of the pedestrian push-button. Specifically, this study deals with issues related to mid-block crossings and attempts to answer two questions: whose waiting time is longer at pre-timed and push-button crossings, pedestrians, or vehicles? and which system – pre-timed or push-button – is better in terms of total waiting time? According to our simulation analyses, if the pedestrian flow rate is less than 120, 85, and 70 ped/h for two-, three-, and four-lane roads, respectively, the push-button system is recommended.     

Delay Restoration of Single-Track Railway Rescheduling

On the basis of analysis of the principle of delay restoration in a disturbed schedule, a heuristic algorithm for rescheduling trains is developed by restoring the total delay of the disturbed schedule. A discrete event topologic model is derived from the original undisturbed train diagram and a back propagation analysis method is used to label the maximum buffer time of each point in the model. In order to analyze the principle of delay restoration, the concept of critical delay is developed from the labeled maximum buffer time. The critical delay is the critical point of successful delay restoration. All the disturbed trains are classified into the strong-delayed trains and the weak-delayed trains by the criterion of the critical delay. Only the latter, in which actual delay is less than its critical delay, can be adjusted to a normal running state during time horizon considered. The heuristic algorithm is used to restore all the disturbed trains according to their critical details. The cores of the algorithm are the iterative repair technique and two repair methods for the two kinds of trains. The algorithm searches iteratively the space of possible conflicts caused by disturbed trains using an earfiest-delay-first heuristics and always attempts to repair the earliest constraint violation. The algorithm adjusts the weak-delayed trains directly back to the normal running state using the buffer time of the original train diagram. For the strong-delayed trains,the algorithm uses an utility function with some weighted attributes to determine the dynamic priority of the trains, and resolves the conflict according to the calculated dynamic priority. In the end, the experimental results show that the algorithm produces ＂good enough＂ schedules effectively and efficiently in disturbed situations.     

世界银行贷款项目“卫津路拓宽工程”的经济效益计算

本市以天津城市主干道卫津路拓宽改造工程为例，论述城市道路经济效益计算方法。按全天高峰小时、非高峰小时，分别计算机动车和非机动车的运营成本、时间价值及事故费用，采用有、无项目对比法．进行经济效益计算。经济效益中以车辆行程时间延误与路口时间延误的节约作为主要效益。     

机车乘务员心理卫生状况的调查分析

采用焦虑自评量表 (SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS) ,对 10 3名电力机车乘务员的心理卫生状况进行评价。结果表明 ,机车乘务员的SAS和SDS标准分均明显高于国内常模 (P <0 0 1) ,有明显的焦虑和抑郁症状。机车乘务作业对乘务员的心理健康有不良影响 ,但不具有时间剂量的累积效应 ;机车乘各员普遍存在着明显的心理卫生问题 ,其心理卫生状况与年龄、工龄没有明显关系。     

Auto-ignition and micro-explosion behaviors of droplet arrays of water-in-fuel emulsion

The characteristics of auto-ignition and micro-explosion behaviors of one-dimensional arrays of fuel droplets suspended in a chamber with high surrounding temperature were investigated experimentally with various droplet spacings, numbers of droplet and surrounding temperatures. The fuels used were pure n-decane and emulsified n-decane with varied water contents ranging from 10 to 30%. All experiments were performed under atmospheric conditions with high surrounding temperatures. An imaging technique using a high-speed camera was adopted to measure ignition delay, flame lifetime, and flame spread speed. The camera was also used to observe micro-explosion behaviors. As the droplet array spacing increased, the ignition delay also increased, regardless of water content. However, the lifetime of the droplet array decreased as the droplet spacing increased. The micro-explosion starting time remained unchanged regardless of the number of the droplets or the droplet spacing; however, it tended to be delayed slightly as the water percentage and droplet spacing increased.     

做好社区心理健康教育与服务的思考

分析了目前我国社区心理健康教育与服务工作存在的主要问题,并从社会发展、医学模式转变及与国际接轨等方面分析了加强社区心理教育与服务的必要性和紧迫性,提出了提高认识,落实职责,加强宣传,建立工作网络和培训专兼结合工作队伍等方面的思路。