港口规划环境影响评价中公众参与模式探讨

国家对环境影响评价工作中的公众参与非常重视,相继出台多项相关法规政策。目前对于建设项目环境影响评价中公众参与的形式和方法国内外已有一些理论研究和较多的实践应用,但对于规划环境影响评价中采取何种有效的公众参与模式尚需深入研究。通过对国内十多个港口总体规划环评案例进行归纳总结,阐述了港口规划环评公众参与的目的与意义,分析提出了港口规划环评公众参与的工作原则、工作方案和调查意见统计分析方法,并针对港口规划环评公众参与的重点和难点进行了分析研究,探讨港口规划环评中开展公众参与的有效方法和途径。     

单片机系统利用电话进行远程数据通信的研究

介绍了遥测、遥控系统中远程数据通信的基本模式和一般的系统组成结构;论述了有线电话MODEM的基本工作原理和常用工作方式;给出了遥测终端机中的单片机与MODEM的接口方法和AT指令集的用法及通信程序设计。     

浅谈数据加密／解密在JAVA中的实现

随着网络技术的发展，网络安全、信息的保密问题日益重要，而数据加密技术则是网络安全技术中的核心技术。介绍了加密、解密算法和JAVA密码架构、JAVA密码扩展，阐述了加密算法的优缺点。通过实例代码说明了数据加密、解密在JAVA中的实现。     

从"亚平"轮事故谈海上安全应急信息共享机制的建立

为切实保障海洋公共交通安全,建立海上安全应急信息共享机制已经迫在眉睫。本文认为,要打破“信息孤岛”现象,建立相互依存、有机联系、实用高效的海上安全应急信息共享机制,就必须加强四个系统建设,包括建设高效的指挥系统、密切的协同系统、完备的技术系统、长效的反馈系统。同时,本文提出,要发挥海事部门在海上安全应急信息共享机制中的主导作用,切实保障海洋公共交通安全。     

自动船用天线匹配调节器设计关键技术

根据船用自动天线匹配调节器的功能要求,提出了国产化自动天线匹配调节器硬件设计方案。采用了测载波半周期计数值、求4次平均值计算误差累加和、快速的匹配算法、合理设定分频系数和存储容量等方法,解决了提高测频精确性、Π型电容电感匹配网络的自动调整算法、提高自动调整速度、网络参数存储等关键技术。该技术已被运用到国产自动天线匹配调节器产品中,其实际匹配效果、调整时间等性能指标均不低于同类进口机型。     

短波收信天线交换系统的初步设计

根据短波通信业务对收信天线交换的发展需求，简要介绍了短波收信天线交换系统的功能与结构，并对系统的功能模块进行了初步设计。     

基于B/S的船舶机务管理系统公共数据服务平台设计

为了改善传统船舶机务管理系统成本高、维护难、效率低的现状及适应当前计算机技术的迅速发展,采用云计算和Web技术,建立基于B/S架构的机务管理系统公共数据服务平台,采用模块化设计思想,在传统机务管理系统的基础上增加权限管理和能源管理模块,不仅提高了机务管理系统的可维护性、可扩展性、易开发性和安全性,也提高了船员的工作效率和船舶的适航能力.     

The Offshore Wind Power Debate: Views from Cape Cod

Wind power resources on the eastern U.S. continental shelf are estimated to be over 400 GW, several times the electricity used by U.S. eastern coastal states. The first U.S. developer proposes to build 130 large (40 story tall) wind turbines in Nantucket Sound, just outside Massachusetts state waters. These would provide 420 MW at market prices, enough electricity for most of Cape Cod. The project is opposed by a vigorous and well-financed coalition. Polling shows local public opinion on the project almost equally divided. This article draws on semistructured interviews with residents of Cape Cod to analyze values, beliefs, and logic of supporters and opponents. For example, one value found to lead to opposition is that the ocean is a special place that should be kept natural and free of human intrusion. One line of argument found to lead to support is: The war in Iraq is problematic, this war is “really” over petroleum, Cape Cod generates electricity from oil, therefore, the wind project would improve U.S. security. Based on analysis of the values and reasoning behind our interview data, we identify four issues that are relevant but not currently part of the debate.     

Exploring Participants' Views of Participatory Coastal and Marine Resource Management Processes

It is generally accepted that stakeholders, including resource users, scientists, conservationists, government and nongovernment organizations, and the general public, can contribute positively to management processes and may even benefit from such processes. However, we continue to struggle with how to design processes that effectively involve these stakeholders. To illuminate potential improvements to traditional processes, this study examines participants’ perceptions of coastal and marine resource management processes. Through semi-structured interviews, respondents describe how they feel about various elements of participatory processes. Responses offer insight into the multiple dimensions of participatory process elements described in the literature, such as influence on decisions, exchange of information, access to the process, transparent decision making, and others. Responses also identify additional elements that have received limited attention in the public-participation literature: hosting meetings at various scales, recognizing differences within interest groups, and considering the context of a process. Results from this study will help to inform the design of participatory coastal and marine resource management processes.     

Public Perception of Ocean Governance and Marine Resources Management in Taiwan

Understanding public perception of the oceans, and relationship between society and the sea is an important key to the sustainable management of marine resources. This research reports the first population-based survey on Taiwanese public knowledge, attitudes, and actions on marine-related issues. The stratified random sampling by county was completed with 1,120 telephone respondents from October to December 2010. More than 60% of the respondents have heard about global warming, sea-level rising, the Gulf of Mexico oil spill, the coral reef bleaching crisis, and Japan whaling fisheries. However, less than 20% of the respondents are aware of Taiwanese domestic marine policies, such as the Ocean White Paper. On resources conservation, 74.7% of the respondents support the bluefin tuna catches regulations and 76.6% agree that the shark fin fisheries will impact shark resources. Education and age are the major affecting variables for resource conservation and knowledge. Higher education and age 40–49 are most supportive of conservation measures. For marine recreational activities, 42.2% of the respondents can swim, and 44.2% of the respondents had not visited the beach in the previous year. The results suggest that the government could establish a specialized agency to strengthen its marine policy and take more actions to protect ocean environment and conserve marine resources. To encourage more Taiwanese to participate in ocean recreational activities, the government could build a safe facility for marine recreation, cooperate with the private sectors in education, and provide outreach to raise public awareness of the oceans.