列车作用下东巨寺沟铁路隧道围岩动力反应分析

东巨寺沟铁路隧道选取试验段中实施湿喷工艺喷射聚丙烯纤维混凝土,作为支护结构,并作永久性支护结构,免除二次衬砌;为研究该隧道在列车作用下的动力响应,从土－结构相互作用模型出发,采用粘－弹性人工边界条件,建立隧道支护结构－围岩相互作用的动力分析模型,采用时程积分法研究了列车荷载对铁路隧道围岩和支护结构的动力作用,分析了列车荷载作用下由于轨道不平顺引起的动力响应,并对该隧道围岩的稳定性进行了分析。分析结果表明:在列车动力作用下,隧道围岩和支护结构变形微小,处于稳定状态。     

浅谈关于泵站节能的一些措施

该文根据泵站的实际特点,阐述了泵站节能所采取的一些措施,可供同行参考。     

高速铁路列车开行方案反馈调整系统开发研究

为了实现对高速铁路旅客运输规划的综合优化,讨论了构建高速铁路开行方案反馈调整系统的意义和重要性,并以C#为开发工具,设计开发出了高速铁路列车开行方案反馈调整系统。从系统的模块设计、数据库设计以及流程设计角度介绍了系统。系统从运力资源、运行图和客运需求3个方面对初始开行方案进行反馈调整,实现了开行方案的优化。     

Improvement of vehicle–turnout interaction by optimising the shape of crossing nose

Proper rail geometry in the crossing part is essential for reducing damage on the nose rail. To improve the dynamic behaviour of turnout crossings, a numerical optimisation approach to minimise rolling contact fatigue (RCF) damage and wear in the crossing panel by varying the nose rail shape is presented in the paper. The rail geometry is parameterised by defining several control cross-sections along the crossing. The dynamic vehicle–turnout interaction as a function of crossing geometry is analysed using the VI-Rail package. In formulation of the optimisation problem a combined weighted objective function is used consisting of the normal contact pressure and the energy dissipation along the crossing responsible for RCF and wear, respectively. The multi-objective optimisation problem is solved by adapting the multipoint approximation method and a number of compromised solutions have been found for various sets of weight coefficients. Dynamic behaviour of the crossing has been significantly improved after optimisations. Comparing with the reference design, the heights of the nose rail are notably increased in the beginning of the crossing; the nominal thicknesses of the nose rail are also changed. All the optimum designs work well under different track conditions.     

Optimisation of railway crossing geometry considering a representative set of wheel profiles

A numerical method for robust geometry optimisation of railway crossings is presented. The robustness is achieved by optimising the crossing geometry for a representative set of wheel profiles. As a basis for the optimisation, a crossing geometry is created where rail cross-sectional profiles and longitudinal height profiles of both wing rails and crossing nose are parameterised. Based on the approximation that the two problems are decoupled, separate optimisations are performed for the cross-sectional rail profiles and the longitudinal height profiles. The rail cross sections are optimised to minimise the maximum Hertzian wheel–rail contact pressure. The longitudinal height profiles are optimised to minimise the accumulated damage in the wing rail to crossing nose transition zone. The accumulated damage is approximated using an objective criterion that accounts for the angle of the wheel trajectory reversal during the transition from the wing rail to the crossing nose as well as the distribution of transition points for the utilised wheel profile set. It is found that small nonlinear height deviations from a linear longitudinal wing rail profile in the transition zone can reduce the objective compared to the nominal design. It is further demonstrated that the variation in wheel profile shapes, lateral wheel displacements and the feasible transition zone length of the crossing will determine the longitudinal height profiles of the wing rail and crossing nose if all wheel profiles are to make their transition within the transition zone.     

A study on high-speed rolling contact between a wheel and a contaminated rail

A 3-D explicit finite element model is developed to investigate the transient wheel–rail rolling contact in the presence of rail contamination or short low adhesion zones (LAZs). A transient analysis is required because the wheel passes by a short LAZ very quickly, especially at high speeds. A surface-to-surface contact algorithm (by the penalty method) is employed to solve the frictional rolling contact between the wheel and the rail meshed by solid elements. The LAZ is simulated by a varying coefficient of friction along the rail. Different traction efforts and action of the traction control system triggered by the LAZ are simulated by applying a time-dependent driving torque to the wheel axle. Structural flexibilities of the vehicle–track system are considered properly. Analysis focuses on the contact forces, creepage, contact stresses and the derived frictional work and plastic deformation. It is found that the longitudinal contact force and the maximum surface shear stress in the contact patch become obviously lower in the LAZ and much higher as the wheel re-enters the dry rail section. Consequently, a higher wear rate and larger plastic flow are expected at the location where the dry contact starts to be rebuilt. In other words, contact surface damages such as wheel flats and rail burns may come into being because of the LAZ. Length of the LAZ, the traction level, etc. are varied. The results also show that local contact surface damages may still occur as the traction control system acts.     

公路收费站ETC系统改造项目经济费用效益计算方法的研究

分析了公路收费站ETC系统改造项目的主要利害关系者及其收益,基于排队论研究了车辆途径收费站时在"有此项目"和"无此项目"两种情况下各种参数指标计算方法,推导出车辆时间消耗减少和刹车次数减少的计算公式,确定了节约运输成本效益与节约时间效益的计算方法,从而得到ETC系统改造项目经济费用效益分析的通用计算方法。最后分析了一处收费站ETC改造项目实例,按本文提出的计算方法进行计算并得到了经济费用效益评价结果。     

深圳地铁五号线海积淤泥地层基坑围护桩插入深度的研究

海积淤泥地层具有天然含水量高、渗透性低、压缩性高及抗剪强度低等特点,因此在海积淤泥地层修建地铁车站时,车站基坑围护结构的稳定性对安全施工至关重要。采用FLAC程序对海积淤泥地层地铁车站基坑围护结构桩体插入深度进行研究,分析桩体最大位移、最大剪力及基坑周边地表沉降等与插入深度的关系,给出适合于海积淤泥地层的桩体插入深度,并提出插入深度不足时的应对措施。     

基于交通流量预测的高速公路收费道口运营策略研究

以宁沪高速公路南京主线收费站数据为样本,使用现代时间序列模型预测收费道口交通流量,提出了基于交通流量预测的收费道口运营策略制定方法,并给出了应用实例。     

地铁站水冷空调机组IPLV计算方法讨论

大量测试数据表明,在现行地铁环控系统中,冷机大部分时间处于部分负荷状态,因此用于评判地铁站冷水机组部分负荷综合性能的IPLV值的计算方法值得研究.使用了一种逐时计算地铁车站负荷的方法,计算得出北京市、上海市、广州市典型地铁标准站全年的逐时负荷曲线.根据全年逐时负荷曲线统计了3个城市地铁车站不同负荷率区间占比情况,从而得...