Virtual durability test rigs for automotive engineering

In recent years so-called ‘virtual test rigs’ have become more and more important in the development process of cars and trucks. Originally, the idea was to substitute expensive durability tests with computer simulation. Meanwhile, the focus has changed towards a more cooperative usage of numerical and laboratory rig simulation. For many safety critical issues laboratory tests remain indispensable. In early development stages, when no physical prototypes are available yet, numerical simulation is used to analyse and optimise the design. In this paper, we show how to build numerical simulation models of complex servo-hydraulic test systems and their test specimen using multi-body simulation for the mechanics in combination with simulation models for the hydraulics and controls. We illustrate this at two industrial application examples: a spindle-coupled passenger car suspension rig and a tyre-coupled full vehicle rig. We show how the simulation models are used to design and optimise better test rigs and to support the test rig operation by preparing the physical tests with new specimen, i.e. by performing numerical simulations including numerical drive file iteration before the physical tests start.     

Influence of some vehicle and track parameters on the environmental vibrations induced by railway traffic

A study is performed on the influence of some typical railway vehicle and track parameters on the level of ground vibrations induced in the neighbourhood. The results are obtained from a previously validated simulation framework considering in a first step the vehicle/track subsystem and, in a second step, the response of the soil to the forces resulting from the first analysis. The vehicle is reduced to a simple vertical 3-dof model, corresponding to the superposition of the wheelset, the bogie and the car body. The rail is modelled as a succession of beam elements elastically supported by the sleepers, lying themselves on a flexible foundation representing the ballast and the subgrade. The connection between the wheels and the rails is realised through a non-linear Hertzian contact. The soil motion is obtained from a finite/infinite element model. The investigated vehicle parameters are its type (urban, high speed, freight, etc.) and its speed. For the track, the rail flexural stiffness, the railpad stiffness, the spacing between sleepers and the rail and sleeper masses are considered. In all cases, the parameter value range is defined from a bibliographic browsing. At the end, the paper proposes a table summarising the influence of each studied parameter on three indicators: the vehicle acceleration, the rail velocity and the soil velocity. It namely turns out that the vehicle has a serious influence on the vibration level and should be considered in prediction models.     

TMIS应用数据转换工具的设计

根据ＴＭＩＳ的需求，给出了应用数据转换工具系统的总体结构，并在应用环境中实现了该系统。本数据转换系统具有较好的通用性，实时性，可用性，完全可满足ＴＭＩＳ应用的要求。     

The performance of route modification and demand stabilization strategies in stochastic vehicle routing

A key concern in managing vehicle routing operations under stochastic demands is whether, on the basis of travel distance, route modification yields materially greater logistical efficiency than fixed routes. This research uses statistical calibration as the primary technique to develop a robust and tractable model for estimating this difference in logistical efficiency. Based on features such as the models predictive accuracy and generalizability, it constitutes a substantive improvement over existing models. The present study also expands the range of predictive models relevant to vehicle routing under stochastic demands with models to estimate the transportation and inventory effects of persuading customers to stabilize their ordering patterns.     

高黎贡山隧道1号竖井设计及分析

为了满足高黎贡山隧道竖井施工任务要求，综合隧道所处环境及竖井能力需求，按照竖井井口、井筒、井下3方面统筹考虑的总体设计思路，提出高黎贡山隧道1号竖井设计关键问题的解决方案： 1）根据井口地形、地貌条件及提升设备、井口车场布置要求，合理布置井口场坪； 2）根据竖井功能定位，竖井宜采用主副井模式； 3）根据井下施工的出渣量、材料数量、人员进出量等综合考虑竖井断面尺寸； 4）当地质条件、水文地质条件允许时，竖井宜采用短段掘砌混合作业法施工，设置模筑混凝土井壁； 5）竖井提升设备宜按井下施工期间的要求考虑，建井期间各设备之间能力应匹配； 6）竖井施工能力应满足井下施工期间出渣、进料要求，并留有富余； 7）井底车场应结合运输方式及进料、出渣等功能要求确定； 8）竖井安全保障应首要解决地下水问题。目前高黎贡山隧道1号竖井主井已完成建井，结果表明铁路隧道竖井按照以上设计方法及思路是可行的。     

石济客运专线预应力混凝土槽形梁设计研究

在铁路车站附近,为了减少两端线路路堤高度,降低工程投资,同时能够满足跨越的立交道路及河流防洪要求,可以采用建筑结构较低的下承式桥槽形梁结构形式。以新建石家庄至济南铁路客运专线工程跨越禹王路的工点槽形梁结构为背景,通过有限元软件进行结构分析计算和设计优化,介绍双线铁路槽形梁结构的设计研究分析以及对槽形梁的空间结构计算、空间动力特性及车线桥耦合动力分析,综合考虑槽形梁弯剪扭综合效应以及箱形边主梁截面的空间变形。目前槽形连续梁在高速铁路工程中的应用均较少,缺乏具体的经验和理论公式,解决此技术难题为类似桥梁设计工作提供重要参考。     

世纪之交铁路桥梁发展的体会

世纪之交的铁路桥梁主要以高墩、大跨、高速、耐久性为主要发展形式 ,结合近些年铁路桥梁的建设 ,介绍铁路桥梁在跨越能力、允许通过速度、新材料、耐久性等方面取得的重大成就和长足的发展。随着多条客运专线及宜万、福厦等铁路及多座跨长江桥梁的建设 ,这些桥梁建成后将会对世界桥梁建设产生影响     

跨海铁路轮渡栈桥的设计荷载

跨海铁路轮渡栈桥处于特殊环境 ,在正常作业的情况下 ,要受到潮位和风、雨、雪、波浪等各种气候条件下自然力的作用 ,由于特殊的功能需要和特殊的桥梁结构型式 ,使其承受一些特殊的作用力。提出这些力的计算办法、荷载分类和荷载组合原则     

高速铁路双向点式信息交互系统设备的研究

从双向点式信息交互系统提出的背景及其基本构成出发,研究系统的地面和车载两个不同部分的系统构架。分析系统的关键部件———双向传输天线,根据N圈环的辐射电阻和耗损电阻的计算公式,讨论双向传输天线的效率。确定天线的有效作用范围为670mm,有效水平耦合时间为8ms。室内静态模拟试验结果显示,在8ms有效时间内,接收总帧数与接收正确帧数均为8帧1024bit数据。现场动态试验结果与室内静态模拟基本相同,验证了有效水平耦合时间与可接收数据量的关系。