公轨两用拱桥吊杆的疲劳分析

提出了一种公轨两用拱桥吊杆的疲劳分析方法。依据交通流量调查和相关规范中汽车及轻轨车荷载谱的规定,基于Monte-carlo原理,模拟产生了通过桥梁的双向多车道汽车车流及双向轻轨车车流。针对典型吊杆的影响线开展模拟车流加载,得到杆件应力历程,通过泄水法得到杆件应力谱,按照Palmgren-Miner线性累积损伤理论,计算得到各吊杆的等效应力幅并进行设计基准期内的损伤度评估。以某公轨两用拱桥进行实例分析,同时考虑6线行车道公路荷载和双线轻轨荷载,对吊杆开展了疲劳分析。计算结果表明:采用模拟车流法可方便开展公轨两用特大桥构件的疲劳分析和疲劳剩余寿命评估。     

Estimating the ride quality characteristics of vehicles with random decrement analysis of on-the-road vibration response data

This paper describes the application of a practical analytical technique based on the random decrement method to estimate the rigid sprung mass dynamic characteristics (frequency response function) of road vehicles using only vibration response data during constant-speed operation. A brief history and development of the random decrement technique is presented, along with a summary of work undertaken on optimal parameter selection to establish the random decrement signature. Two approaches to estimate the dynamic characteristics from the random decrement signature are described and evaluated. A custom, single-wheeled vehicle (physical quarter car) was commissioned to undertake a series of on-the-road experiments at various nominally constant operating speeds. The vehicle, also instrumented as an inertial profilometer, simultaneously measured the longitudinal pavement profile to establish the vehicle's actual dynamic characteristics during operation. The main outcome of the paper is that the random decrement technique can be used to provide accurate estimates of the sprung mass mode of the vehicle's dynamic characteristics for both linear and nonlinear suspension systems of an idealised vehicle.     

High-frequency random vibration analysis of a high-speed vehicle–track system with the frequency-dependent dynamic properties of rail pads using a hybrid SEM–SM method

A hybrid Spectral Element Method (SEM)–Symplectic Method(SM) method for high-efficiency computation of the high-frequency random vibrations of a high-speed vehicle–track system with the frequency-dependent dynamic properties of rail pads is presented. First, the Williams-Landel-Ferry (WLF) formula and Fractional Derivative Zener (FDZ) model were, respectively, applied for prediction and representation of the frequency-dependent dynamic properties of Vossloh 300 rail pads frequently used in China's high-speed railway. Then, the proposed hybrid SEM–SM method was used to investigate the influence of the frequency-dependent dynamic performance of Vossloh 300 rail pads on the high-frequency random vibrations of high-speed vehicle–track systems at various train speeds or different levels of rail surface roughness. The experimental results indicate that the storage stiffness and loss factors of Vossloh 300 rail pad increase with the decrease in dynamic loads or the increase in preloads within 0.1–10,000?Hz at 20°C, and basically linearly increase with frequency in a logarithmic coordinate system. The results computed by the hybrid SEM–SM method demonstrate that the frequency-dependent viscous damping of Vossloh 300 rail pads, compared with its constant viscous damping and frequency-dependent stiffness, has a much more conspicuous influence on the medium-frequency (i.e. 20–63?Hz) random vibrations of car bodies and rail fasteners, and on the mid- (i.e. 20–63?Hz) and high-frequency (i.e. 630–1250?Hz) random vibrations of bogies, wheels and rails, especially with the increase in train speeds or the deterioration of rail surface roughness. The two sensitive frequency bands can also be validated by frequency response function (FRF) analysis of the proposed infinite rail–fastener model. The mid and high frequencies influenced by the frequency-dependent viscous damping of rail pads are exactly the dominant frequencies of ground vibration acceleration and wheel rolling noise caused by high-speed railways, respectively. Even though the existing time-domain (or frequency-domain) finite track models associated with the time-domain (or frequency-domain) fractional derivative viscoelastic (FDV) models of rail pads can also be used to reach the same conclusions, the hybrid SEM–SM method in which only one element is required to compute the high-order vibration modes of infinite rail is more appropriate for high-efficiency analysis of the high-frequency random vibrations of high-speed vehicle–track systems.     

码头岸坡土体相关距离的求解

码头岸坡多为天然土层沉积而成,土体参数具有空间变异性,应用随机场理论可以实现土性参数的点变异性到空间变异性的转化。土性参数随机场是一个平稳随机场,相关距离是描述土性参数随机场的一个重要指标。基于随机场理论,利用静力触探曲线数据按相关函数法拟合求解了码头岸坡土体的相关距离,为今后开展码头岸坡的可靠度研究打下基础。     

Optimal Burn-in and Preventive Maintenance Modeling with Competing Failure Processes

In this article, we assume that the product in the burn-in procedure only experiences continuous smooth degradation process, while in the field operation period the product experiences both continuous smooth degradation process and shock process. The shock process can cause the product not only traumatic failure,but also additional abrupt degradation damage. After the system reliability model and maintenance model have been proposed, the optimal burn-in setting and age replacement duration are obtained under the considering of minimizing the long run average cost rate. A numerical example with the real data is analyzed to illustrate the application of the model.     

车-桥耦合振动的动力响应分析

通过三角级数叠加法模拟桥面不平顺激励,运用大型有限元通用分析软件ANSYS的耦合技术对车-桥耦合振动进行了分析.提出了5个自由度的车辆模型模拟重车,160个梁单元模型模拟简支梁桥,把车辆和桥梁结构视为2个系统,利用Newmark-β法求解车-桥耦合振动方程组,进行了桥梁结构振动的位移、弯矩的响应研究.得到了桥梁跨中最大位移和弯矩都不是发生在桥梁跨中位置;随着桥面不平顺有明显的变化,随着桥面状况的变差,其响应越来越大.     

沥青路面结构有限元建模计算误差研究

建立轮胎接地形状分别为圆形和矩形两种沥青路面结构有限元模型,并对建模计算结果误差进行对比分析,并与HPDS设计程序计算结果进行比较。结果表明,沥青路面轮载接地形状对路表的影响大于面层层底和基层层底,对剪应力的影响比较大,但这些结果对HPDS设计的结果影响不大,基本接近,矩形形式的荷载结果更接近HPDS程序设计结果。说明轮胎接地形式在有限元分析中采用矩形形式是可行的。     

舰船结构总纵强度可靠性分析的一种新方法

提出了舰船总纵强度可靠性分析的一种新方法,探讨在短期随机海况下船体总纵强度的安全裕度的近似概率计算.通过一个例子,详细给出了短期海况下船体安全裕度的计算过程,显现出该方法在短期海况中进行船体总纵强度可靠性分析与评价的良好应用前景.     

随机码调相脉冲多普勒引信抗干扰分析

针对新型随机码调相脉冲多普勒引信的原理进行了分析,对随机码引信中的随机二相码的模糊函数进行了仿真分析,通过对该引信的抗干扰仿真,验证了该引信的具有强抗干扰能力。