Experimental study on the nonlinear pressure acting on a high-speed vessel in regular waves

It is well known that the hydrodynamic responses of a high-speed vessel traveling in regular head waves of even moderate wave height can show significant nonlinear behavior, and so linear statistical techniques become insufficient for predicting the statistics of responses in irregular waves. On the other hand, it has been shown that an approximate third-order Volterra model is applicable to handling the statistics of some nonlinear seakeeping problems, such as motions and vertical hull girder loads. In the present study, the focus is on the nonlinear behavior of the pressure responses of the hull surface, especially on the pressures acting on alternately wet and dry areas near the waterline and on the bow zone with high deadrise angles that may be subject to slight impact and water pile-up effects. To clarify the validity of applying Volterra modeling to this problem, a series of experiments in regular and irregular head waves were carried out, and approximate third-order and fifth-order Volterra models with the proposed algorithm for finding frequency response functions (FRFs) were applied as a means of validation. In the present article, the first part of the validation was performed using experimental data in regular waves. It was confirmed that the third-order Volterra model has adequate accuracy to simulate deterministically the variation of pressure responses in regular waves of different wave steepness up to a wave amplitude to wavelength ratio of 0.01 even for the highly nonlinear pressures acting on the above-mentioned areas of the hull surface.     

A consideration of the structural design of a large-scale floating structure

The land area of Japan, especially flat land, is very small compared with its economic size. Large-scale floating structures are one solution to satisfy the demand for space by utilizing the ocean. This paper presents a general view of the dynamic response characteristics of large-scale floating structures, pontoons and semi-submersibles. For example, it is shown that the natural frequencies of eigenmodes are higher than the natural frequency of heaving motion. The response of the outer framework of a structure is shown to be generally larger than the response of the central part. Within the limits of our present understanding of the general dynamic response characteristics of such structures, the design and analysis of semi-submersible, large-scale floating structures is discussed. For a pontoon-type large-scale floating structure, a type whose perimeter structure has been modified to become lighter and more rigid is proposed. With this modification, the dynamic response of the whole structure is imporved.     

随机减量法识别转向架构架的频率

随机减量法是一种随机激扰下的模态参数识别方法。在实际线路上对CW-200转向架构架的振动加速度进行了测量,并依据随机减量法对测得的加速度数据进行了构架的三阶刚体模态的识别,得到了三阶刚体模态对应的频率。证实了随机减量法识别构架模态参数的可行性。     

集装箱船振动及响应分析

介绍了模态频率响应有限元计算方法的基本理论,以多用途集装箱船为目标船,通过建立全船三维有限元模型,用频率响应法得到船体结构的振动响应.文中还讨论了激励与响应关系、水动质量、阻尼、频率响应计算有效频率数选取等问题,以精确预报船体结构振动及响应.本文采用的分析计算方法对目标船结构振动及响应预报值,与实船试验数据具有很好的一致性.     

轨道结构落轴冲击动态响应有限元分析

通过确定落轴冲击问题的轮轨接触条件,根据接触冲击响应的虚位移原理,将轮轨接触边界条件用罚函数法释放,确立轮轨接触变分方程;采用点面接触单元导出轮轨接触有限元控制方程,进一步建立轨道结构动力有限元方程,从而可模拟计算落轴冲击对轨道结构产生的动态响应。基于该分析方法,求解了弹性支承块轨道结构的动力性能,并由现场实测得到验证。结果表明,运用所建立的落轴冲击有限元计算模型分析轨道结构动力性能,直观有效。     

弹性支承块轨道结构落轴冲击动力性能分析

将轮轨接触边界条件用罚函数法释放,采用点面接触单元导出轮轨接触有限元控制方程,建立轨道结构落轴冲击动力有限元方程。分析落轴冲击对轨道结构产生的动态响应,比较弹性支承块及短轨枕埋入式整体道床轨道结构的动力性能,并用现场实测数据进行验证。结果表明:弹性支承块轨道结构与普通短轨枕结构相比,其轨下及块下刚度易于调整,可进行双层弹性的合理匹配,从而有效吸收轮轨冲击,提高列车运行平稳性,具有减振降噪与延缓轮轨磨损等优越性能。建议其块下刚度稍大于轨下刚度,增幅值控制在20%以内。     

An approach to estimating the hull girder response of a ship due to springing

This article describes an estimation method for the hull girder response of a ship due to springing. The linear and nonlinear springing effects on the hull girder are evaluated. Previous studies on the springing response focused mainly on the symmetric response, or vertical response. In this article, however, the springing analysis is extended to asymmetric responses, or horizontal and torsional responses. The Timoshenko beam model was used to calculate the hull girder response and the quadratic strip method was employed to calculate hydrodynamic forces and moments on the hull. To remove irregular frequencies, a rigid lid was adopted on the hull free surface level and hydrodynamic coefficients were interpolated for asymptotic values. Applications to two ships for the symmetric and asymmetric responses were carried out and the effect of springing responses is also discussed.     

靠船墩可靠性设计方法

通过对靠船墩三维结构随机力学分析,提出基于可靠度理论下的靠船墩设计方法,可直接应用于工程实践     

溢油应急培训现状与思考

分析了溢油应急培训现状及存在的实际问题,并在此基础上提出了加强溢油应急培训的意见和建议。     

基于模态参数的工程结构损伤识别方法

介绍了结构故障诊断的技术手段以及应用振动诊断进行结构损伤识别的研究现状。应用有限元程序进行模态分析和频响分析,得到在不同损伤度的条件下轮对局部模态频率和振幅幅值的变化趋势。提出基于频率移动和模态振型变化来判断结构损伤。