随机波浪中船体变形转角的估算方法及应用

某些船舶,因作业需要,对其船体的姿态角(刚体的纵摇角 弹性体变形的转角)提出了预报的要求,本文以船体纵向角位移为例,采用二维船体梁模态叠加方法和最大熵原理估算船体在随机波激励下纵向变形转角的响应特征值,并以某快速船为例,估算该船的纵向变形转角,供设计使用者参考,其计算的思路也可应用于其它方向的变形转角估算。     

Semi-active suspension systems for railway vehicles using magnetorheological dampers. Part I: system integration and modelling

In this paper, it is aimed to investigate semi-active suspension systems using magnetorheological (MR) fluid dampers for improving the ride quality of railway vehicles. A 17-degree-of-freedom (DOF) model of a full-scale railway vehicle integrated with the semi-active controlled MR fluid dampers in its secondary suspension system is proposed to cope with the lateral, yaw, and roll motions of the car body, trucks, and wheelsets. The governing equations combining the dynamics of the railway vehicle integrated with MR dampers in the suspension system and the dynamics of the rail track irregularities are developed and a linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control law using the acceleration feedback is adopted, in which the state variables are estimated from the measurable accelerations with a Kalman estimator. In order to evaluate the performances of the semi-active suspension systems based on MR dampers for railway vehicles, the random and periodical track irregularities are modelled with a uniform state-space formulation according to the testing data and incorporated into the governing equation of the railway vehicle integrated with the semi-active suspension system. Utilising the governing equations and the semi-active controller developed in this paper, the simulation and analysis are presented in Part II of this paper.     

Non-linear modelling and control of semi-active suspensions with variable damping

Electro-hydraulic dampers can provide variable damping force that is modulated by varying the command current; furthermore, they offer advantages such as lower power, rapid response, lower cost, and simple hardware. However, accurate characterisation of non-linear f–v properties in pre-yield and force saturation in post-yield is still required. Meanwhile, traditional linear or quarter vehicle models contain various non-linearities. The development of a multi-body dynamics model is very complex, and therefore, SIMPACK was used with suitable improvements for model development and numerical simulations. A semi-active suspension was built based on a belief–desire–intention (BDI)-agent model framework. Vehicle handling dynamics were analysed, and a co-simulation analysis was conducted in SIMPACK and MATLAB to evaluate the BDI-agent controller. The design effectively improved ride comfort, handling stability, and driving safety. A rapid control prototype was built based on dSPACE to conduct a real vehicle test. The test and simulation results were consistent, which verified the simulation.     

ADAMS/Car软件中随机路面建立方法

介绍在ADAMS/Car中四种随机路面的建立方法,对于应用ADAMS/Car进行整车平顺性仿真分析具有参考价值。     

城市轨道交通乘客满意度多群组结构方程模型

为解决现有城市轨道交通乘客满意度模型中缺少变量间相互关系描述,不能定量 描述变量对满意度结果影响规律的问题,本文引入结构方程理论,构建了城市轨道交通乘客 满意度多群组分析模型,定量分析各潜变量间的路径系数,最后依据样本特性进行分群研究. 结果表明：服务质量、企业形象、乘客信任对乘客满意度均具有显著的正向直接影响,忠诚度 对满意度产生间接影响;服务质量(0.98)、企业形象(0.59)、乘客信任(0.52)、忠诚度(0.03)对满意 度的影响效应依次递减;不同性别与不同职业分群条件下乘客满意度作用大小存在显著差异.     

逆向可变车道释放特性及其安全评价

运用统计分析比较了设置逆向可变车道的交叉口与常规交叉口之间的安全风险,结果显示设置逆向可变车道的交叉口预信号红灯违规比例明显提高,并且对向车辆在逆向可变车道内行驶的平均速度降低了15.31%;运用概率统计及视频处理技术分析了设置逆向可变车道的左转车流在交叉口内的释放特性及其空间轨迹特点;采用交通冲突技术(后侵入时间)来确定逆向可变车道的车流与左转专用车道的车流在释放过程中的冲突程度,并与双左转车道进行显著性检验,结果显示设置逆向可变车道会增大交叉口内部左转车流之间的干扰程度. 研究成果有助于提高设置逆向可变车道交叉口的安全性.     

基于随机系数Logit模型的市内出行方式选择行为研究

出行方式选择行为研究对出行行为分析和预测具有重要意义. 以往研究假定某一群体内的所有出行者的偏好都一样,这与实际不相符. 随机系数Logit 模型假定出行者的偏好不一致,并能分析出行者个体特征对于出行者偏好的影响. 本文利用随机系数Logit 模型对市内机动化出行行为研究. 考虑到心理因素对出行者出行选择行为具有影响,本文在研究中加入了出行可靠性、出行舒适性、出行灵活性3 个潜在心理因素. 通过研究表明,随机系数Logit 模型比传统的离散选择模型具有更高的拟合度. 随机系数Logit 模型的效用函数中,步行时间的系数为非随机变量;但车内时间的系数为随机变量,且与出行者结婚状况,是否有车,是否开车上班,月收入是否超过10 000元,以及对交通灵活性的主观需求相关.     

抗滑桩的可靠性分析

笔者从分析抗滑桩的破坏模式入手,运用Rosenblueth法计算滑坡推力、桩身承受的弯矩、剪力、桩的设计强度、嵌岩深度等中间变量的均值、标准差以及各功能函数的均值和标准差,假定各功能函数中的参数均符合正态分布,计算出抗滑桩的失效概率.     

随机场数值分析的伽辽金法

本文建立了随机场数值分析的摄动伽辽金法的基本列式，讨论了解的合理性并给出解的误差界。     

双舌形挡板变截面涡轮增压器与柴油机的匹配试验

将设计的双舌形挡板变截面涡轮增压器与 61 30ZQ柴油机进行了匹配试验。试验结果表明 ,与普通增压器相比 ,改善了柴油机的扭矩特性和低转速经济性 ,抑制了高速时的增压过量。