船舶分段制造装备智能化需求分析

针对国内造船企业船舶分段制造装备自动化、智能化应用水平较低的现状，以作业工序的零件打磨、理料、小组立焊接、中组立焊接及喷涂等方面为切入点，分别从路径规划、信息感知、协同作业、智能决策等方面提出船舶分段制造装备的智能化需求，为船舶分段智能制造装备的研制提供必要的目标图像。     

Prediction of the vibratory properties of ship models with realistic structural configurations produced using additive manufacturing

The use of flexible ship models to determine the dynamic behaviour of full-scale ships in waves and to compare the accuracy of numerical predictions has increased in the past few years. Segments attached to a flexible uniform backbone of suitable but simple cross section is the preferred solution. Although such models are relatively easy to manufacture with conventional processes, they do not represent accurately the structural detail, for example, of a container ship. The limitations of conventional manufacturing constraints can be potentially overcome by use of modern technologies such as additive manufacturing. Designing detailed elastic ship models requires the determination of dynamic material properties, in addition to the manufacturer mechanical properties.In this investigation, a detailed but easy-to-implement method is developed, and applied to a uniform container ship-like model, to identify the material properties that are relevant to the calculation of the natural frequencies of 3D printed thin-walled structures. It is demonstrated that modal testing of 3D printed specimens, combined with FEAmodelling, can be used to accurately predict the natural frequencies of much more complex thin-walled structures. This method allows investigators to acquire all information necessary during the design stage of 3D printed structures without having to resort to full material characterisation.     

Network design for personal rapid transit under transit-oriented development

This study addresses guideway network design for personal rapid transit (PRT) favoring transit-oriented development. The guideway network design problem seeks to minimize both the guideway construction cost and users’ travel time. In particular, a set of optional points, known as Steiner points, are introduced in the graph to reduce the guideway length. The model is formulated as a combined Steiner and assignment problem, and a Lagrangian relaxation based solution algorithm is developed to solve the optimal solution. Numerical studies are carried on a real-sized network, and illustrate that the proposed model and solution algorithm can solve the PRT guideway network design problem effectively.     

5G技术在航运业中的应用趋势及对策建议

第5代移动通信(5th Generation Mobile Networks,5G)技术具有超大带宽、超低时延和超多连接等特性,将其与人工智能、物联网、大数据和高精度定位等关键技术高效融合,能加速推动航运业的信息化、智慧化发展。对此,分析5G的关键技术特征和产业链价值,论述5G等关键技术在智慧航运、智慧物流、智慧港口、智能制造和智慧金融等5大领域的创新趋势应用。在此基础上,提出全球航运企业运用5G促进自身发展的对策建议。     

浅吃水沉箱结构岛礁快速成陆技术

为克服远海岛礁恶劣的自然条件、加快岛礁建设，需要找到一种岛礁快速成陆的新方法。以减少现场操作、快速施工为目标，从沉箱结构、功能性需求、快速成陆实施方法等方面研究浅吃水沉箱结构岛礁快速成陆技术的可行性及适应性。通过优化沉箱结构并分析现场条件，得到了能够满足拖运吃水要求及使用功能要求的轻型沉箱，研发了基床免整平安装沉箱的方法。通过轻质混凝土沉箱预制及反顶升调平试验，验证了关键技术的可行性，为该技术的后期应用提供数据支撑。     

The design and commissioning of a fully elastic model of a uniform container ship

Experimental hydroelasticity has not followed the rapid evolution of its computational counterpart. Hydroelastic codes have changed significantly in the past few decades, moving to more detailed modelling of both the structure and the fluid domain. Physical models of ships are, even today, manufactured with a very simplified structural arrangement, usually consisting of a hollow rectangular cross section. Appropriate depiction of the internal structural details ensures that properties relevant to antisymmetric vibration are scaled accurately from the real ship to the model. Attempts to create continuous, ship-like structures had limited success, as manufacturing constraints did not allow for much internal structural detail to be included. In this investigation, the first continuous model of a ship with a detailed internal arrangement resembling a container ship is designed, produced using 3D printing and tested in waves. It is demonstrated that the global responses of the hull in regular head waves agree well with theory and past literature, confirming that such a model can represent the behaviour of a ship. Furthermore, it is found that the model is capable of capturing local responses of the structure, something that would be impossible with “traditional” hydroelastic ship models. Finally, the capability of the model to be used to investigate antisymmetric vibrations is confirmed. The methodology developed here opens a whole new world of possibilities for experiments with models that are tailored to the focus of the investigation at hand. Moreover, it offers a powerful tool for the validation of modern state-of-the-art hydroelastic codes. Ultimately, it creates the next step in the investigation of dynamic responses of ship structures, which contribute significantly to accumulating damage of the hull. Better understanding of these responses will allow designers to avoid over-engineering and use of big safety factors to account for uncertainties in their predictions.     

中韩造船业国际竞争力对标分析

为迎接全球船舶行业面临的世界经济发展停滞和船海市场需求不足带来的严峻挑战,全面对标分析中国造船企业与世界一流的韩国造船企业之间的差距。对比2020年中韩造船三大指标和主要船型建造的实动工时与关键周期数据,对中韩造船企业在设计、生产、管理等三大方面的精细化、标准化、机制模式等关键性问题进行对标分析,找出原因并提出解决问题的建议。中国造船业应积极开展常态化、精细化的对标工作,准确研判新发展格局带来的新机遇、新挑战,明确主攻方向,聚焦关键环节,找准融入新发展格局的着力点和突破口。     

船舶云制造服务平台及运营模式研究

船舶制造由传统的制造模式向服务化制造的转变是未来船舶制造业的发展趋势。根据船舶制造特点及云制造理念,提出了船舶云制造服务的概念模型和信息模型,设计了船舶云制造的系统结构和云制造服务平台的架构及运营模式,以实现一定区域范围内,船舶制造资源与制造任务间最大限度的快速匹配,实现船舶制造过程和管理的服务化、集约化。     

深圳地铁11号线车公庙枢纽高强度岩层中型钢立柱施工关键技术

以深圳地铁11号线BT项目11301标车公庙枢纽工程为实例背景,介绍在高强度岩层(单轴抗压强度120 MPa)中快速实施型钢柱安装定位的两项关键技术。其一,通过引进先进的钻岩取芯设备及采用特殊的取芯工艺,确保在高强度岩层中大直径(2.0m)的钻孔灌注桩快速成孔(一次进尺1.5~2.0 m);其二,在传统的十字型钢柱安装定位方法(即"先插法")的基础上,提出全新的优化方案(即"后插法"),提高了工艺时效性,从而达到快速实施的目标。     

公路快速客运应对高铁时代的对策研究

针对公路快速客运的现实状况,阐述了公路快速客运与高铁相比具备的优势,提出公路快速客运企业的发展对策.