长江下游通州沙西水道整治工程效果分析

针对通州沙西水道存在的诸多问题,2011—2016年间通州沙西水道实施了大规模的河道整治工程,为通州沙汊道形成稳定的双分汊河型创造了有利条件。根据近年来实测水文、地形资料,从通州沙西水道分流比、通州沙沙体、河道的冲淤、河道尺度等方面,分析通州沙西水道河道演变出现的新变化以及整治工程效果。结果表明:通州沙沙体基本稳定,西水道分流比增加2. 4%,-5 m河槽全线贯通,四干河以下-10 m河槽基本贯通,达到工程预期效果。     

沥青砂浆中油砂比的确定方法

沥青混合料是目前工程领域使用较为广泛的一种路面材料,其配合比是影响其性能和使用状况的一个关键性的指标,所以,对于沥青混合料而言,配合比的确定至关重要。与之类似的沥青砂浆,其配合比应该怎么确定,一直是困难的问题。文章根据现在工程中所使用的沥青混合料的配合比,通过相同骨料表面积包裹相同数量的沥青的原理来计算沥青砂浆的油砂比,旨在类比沥青混合料的配合比计算方法,得出适用于沥青砂浆的配合比计算方法,以服务工程实践。     

富水砂层地下连续墙施工质量控制措施探讨

南通市特有的富水砂层地质对地下连续墙成墙质量影响较大。南通市轨道交通1号线基坑开挖过程中,部分地下连续墙墙面出现较大鼓包、漏筋等缺陷。通过分析发现在没有槽壁加固的情况下,采用降水与优化泥浆配比等措施可较好地控制缺陷发生,可为后续城市轨道交通建设提供参考。     

快慢车模式下基于扣除系数的线路通过能力研究

采用扣除系数法对快慢车模式下的城市轨道交通线路通过能力展开研究.先根据扣除系数理论设定基准列车,并以某线路若干个中间站为例设定列车越行的判定条件;然后确定模糊开行比例范围、铺画5种不同开行比例及越行次数的列车运行图,并分别列出扣除系数、损失通过能力及实际通过能力的计算表达式.最后以上海轨道交通16号线为例,结合线路输送...     

Centrifuge modelling of pipe-soil interaction in clay with crust layer

Seabed in regions, such as the Gulf of Guinea and North West Shelf of Australia, may exhibit a crust layer where the undrained shear strength can be an order of magnitude higher than that of the immediately underlying sediment. This can complicate design of steel catenary risers, where fatigue depends on the cyclic vertical stiffness of the pipe-soil interaction. Potential punch-through of the riser into the underlying soft soil may invalidate design assumptions based on the pipe-soil stiffness within the crust layer. The long-term evolution of pipe-soil stiffness within the crust layer, which exhibits similar properties to an over-consolidated soil, is also poorly understood. This paper describes centrifuge model tests undertaken in a clay sample with a crust layer, simulating the punch-through process of a pipe under load control and investigating the pipe-soil stiffness during long-term cyclic loading tests under displacement control. Results confirm that the potential for punching-through the crust layer depends strongly on the relative ratio of pipe diameter to crust layer thickness. The long-term evolution of pipe-soil stiffness showed a steady increase after an initial remoulding stage in contractile soils (normally consolidated and lightly over-consolidated), but a steady reduction in the heavily over-consolidated, more dilatant, crust. The magnitude of pipe-soil stiffness changes (during both remoulding and reconsolidation) is governed by the over-consolidation ratio of the soil and the amplitude of the cyclic displacements. This study provides insights on the relevant cyclic stiffness to consider when assessing SCR fatigue life in over-consolidated soils and soils exhibiting a superficial crust layer.     

Fitness-for-purpose assessment of cracked offshore wind turbine monopile

In this paper, the procedure for flaw acceptability assessment is examined through a case study of a semi-elliptical surface crack in an offshore monopile as it grows till it forms a through thickness crack. Using the procedure prescribed in an industrial standard (BS 7910), the fracture ratio, K_r is shown to increase monotonically with increasing crack depth. The load ratio, L_r, is initially insensitive to the crack depth. However, there is a rapid increase in L_r when the crack depth to thickness ratio exceeds 80%. L_r values obtained from detailed 3D FE limit analysis using elastic-perfectly-plastic material behaviour do not exhibit the asymptotic behaviour predicted by BS 7910 as the flaw transitions from deep crack to through-thickness crack. Furthermore, K_r predicted by BS 7910 is shown to be an over-estimation for the typical dimensions of offshore monopiles. The findings suggest that a structure with a deep flaw may be identified as unacceptable based on BS 7910 when it may still possess a non-trivial amount of structural residual life. This is a concern for monopiles where crack growth as a large flaw forms a significant part of the total life.     

中心斜裂纹矩形薄板的极限断裂强度分析

对具有中心穿透斜裂纹在弹性断裂和完全塑性断裂两种破坏模式下的断裂强度进行了分析.在弹性破坏模式下,利用应变能密度因子准则对不同的裂纹倾斜角和不同的矩形板长宽比对斜裂纹的初始扩展角度的影响进行了数值计算和讨论.对于延性材料的完全塑性断裂模式,利用弹塑性有限元对不同裂纹倾斜角下的矩形板的极限拉伸强度进行了分析,并对中心穿透裂纹拉伸强度简化计算公式进行了考虑裂纹倾斜角度的修正.     

附加质量对水中平面板振动噪声特性的影响

在结构的生产加工和使用过程中,由于结构设计、施工工艺、使用安装及维修保养等过程中存在种种问题,导致结构的附加质量成为一种普遍存在且无法避免的现象,同时又对主体结构的声振特性存在着较大影响,因此研究附加质量对主体结构振动及噪声特性的影响具有重要的基础意义。以水中平板结构为例,对由不同分布情况的附加质量所引起的水中平面板声-振特性的变化进行数值分析。建立带有附加质量主结构的有限元模型,将其与声流体介质的瑞利积分相互耦合用于求解流固耦合问题,以获得耦合系统的响应。通过模型降阶法求解由附加质量所引起的结构模态参数变异。数值计算结果表明,不同分布情况的附加质量的影响有所不同,对于主结构声振特性的影响随频率的变化而变化。在主结构低频振动时,附加质量的影响主要反映在主结构固有频率和阻尼系数的改变上。     

不同间隙比竖井内水流与平衡重二维流固耦合

目前,水力式升船机在国内外尚无投入实际运行,无实际设计、安装、运行经验可循。建立不同间隙比竖井与平衡重之间二维流固耦合数学模型,在非恒定流作用下,对不同间隙比时平衡重上升过程的水动力响应进行动态模拟。得出有利于该类升船机稳定运行的最优间隙比。     

乳化沥青冷再生配合比设计浅析

文章结合国道324线百色-平班路段路面大修工程冷再生技术配合比设计实践,介绍该工程乳化沥青冷再生配合比设计的过程和经验,为同类施工提供参考。