损伤反应性星形胶质细胞对成年大鼠室下区的再生作用

目的①观察液压性脑损伤后不同时期室下区Nestin和GFAP的表达及其细胞类型。②分离脑损伤室下区Nestin /GFAP 共存细胞进行培养、诱导分化鉴定。方法①用液压冲击法建立SD大鼠动物模型,用免疫组化和免疫荧光双标法分析和显示不同时期(1、3、5 d,1、2、3、4、6、8周)Nestin和GFAP的表达变化以及细胞类型。②分离液压损伤SD大鼠室下区Nestin /GFAP 共存细胞,制成单细胞悬液,进行培养、传代,以免疫荧光化学方法对原代和传代培养形成的神经球以及诱导分化的细胞进行鉴定。结果①室下区免疫荧光染色:正常组及空白对照组在前脑侧脑室SVZ区出现神经干细胞,主要集中在外侧壁上部和上角,其他部位及三脑室的SVZ区有少量神经干细胞。脑损伤模型组脑损伤24 h后,和正常组相比,室下区Nestin和GFAP的表达显著增加,阳性表达在3 d后逐渐达到高峰,持续1周。②在上述条件下培养及传代的细胞不断分裂增殖,形成悬浮生长的呈Nestin阳性的神经球;神经球贴壁后分化的细胞表现为少突胶质细胞、神经元和星形胶质细胞的形态,且分别呈GalC阳性、β-tublinⅢ阳性和GFAP阳性。结论①成年大鼠液压性脑损伤可诱导室下区表达Nestin和GFAP,Nestin的表达和反应性星形胶质细胞增生呈正相关,且表达多相互共存,并且具有星形胶质细胞的形态;室下区的星形胶质细胞和神经干细胞都对脑损伤都有反应,并可能参与中枢神经系统损伤修复。②成年大鼠液压性脑损伤后分离的室下区细胞具有自我更新能力和多分化潜能,可以分化为神经元、少突胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞,是中枢神经系统的干细胞。     

沥青路面冷再生混合料路用性能分析

沥青路面再生利用技术是一项新的沥青路面修筑技术.通过室内试验对水泥稳定废旧沥青混合料的物理力学特性进行分析评定,其研究成果可以帮助确定再生混合料级配.     

Control of energy regeneration for electric vehicle

To extend electric vehicle (EV) running distance, the vehicle energy regeneration (ER) method and vehicle control strategy were designed based on the original vehicle braking system. The ER principle of direct current (DC) brushless motor was studied, the motor mathematical model and PI control method with torque close-loop were built. This control method was applied to pure EV and the real road tests were evaluated.The ER control does not make any significant uncomfortable influence brake feeling and can save about 10% battery energy based on 3 times economic commission for Europe (ECE) driving cycles.     

旧沥青混合料再生技术在修补路面坑槽中的应用

介绍了旧沥青混合料再生技术的先进性、施工工艺的简便性、经济实用性和发展前景。     

Computational study on the effects of volume ratio of DOC/DPF and catalyst loading on the PM and NOx emission control for heavy-duty diesel engines

The use of a diesel particulate filter (DPF) in a diesel aftertreatment system has proven to be an effective and efficient method for removing particulate matter (PM) in order to meet more stringent emission regulations without hurting engine performance. One of the favorable PM regeneration technologies is the NO₂-assisted regeneration method due to the capability of continuous regeneration of PM under a much lower temperature than that of thermal regeneration. In the present study, the thermal behavior of the monolith during regeneration and the conversion efficiency of NO₂ from NO with an integrated exhaust system of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and DPF have been predicted by one-channel numerical simulation. The simulation results of the DOC, DPF, and integrated DOC-DPF models are compared with experimental data to verify the accuracy of the present model for the integrated DOC and DPF modeling. The effects of catalyst loading inside the DOC and the volume ratio between the DOC and DPF on the pressure drop, the conversion efficiency, and the oxidation rate of PM, have been numerically investigated. The results indicate that the case of the volume ratio of ‘DOC/DPF=1.5’ within the same diameter of both monoliths produced close to the maximum conversion efficiency and oxidation rate of PM. Under the engine operating condition of 175 kW at 2200 rpm, 100% load with a displacement of 8.1, approximately 55 g/ft³ of catalyst (Pt) loading inside the DOC with the active Pt surface of 5.3 m²/g_pt was enough to maximize the conversion efficiency and oxidation rate of PM.     

水泥稳定冷再生混合料配比设计的试验研究

通过对以水泥为添加剂的冷再生混合料配比设计的试验研究,得出水泥稳定混合料的最佳配比,对于指导设计和施工具有积极的意义。     

柴油机微粒捕集器再生系统工作模式判别研究

在发动机急变工况下,喷油助燃+柴油机氧化催化转化器(DOC)微粒再生方式需对喷油助燃装置工作模式进行判断,降低能耗并增加再生系统稳定性。对一种采用滤波方式判断喷油助燃装置工作模式的方法进行台架试验和仿真,介绍了利用低通滤波进行工作模式判别的原理,分析了DOC对工作判别的影响,得到判别温度区和时间常数范围。     

神经节苷脂M_1介导神经生长因子对运动神经元再生的影响

目的　研究神经生长因子 (NGF)、神经节苷脂M1 (GM1 )及NGF和GM1 混合液对桥接面神经的硅胶管腔中面神经管状化移植再生的影响。方法　选择成年大白兔 40只 ,4只作正常对照 ,其余 3 6只随机分为A、B、C三组 ,将其双侧面神经下颊支与腮腺前缘相同平面造成 8mm长缺损 ,用 1 5mm的硅胶管进行桥接 ,然后作以下处理 :A组 ,左侧硅胶管内加入NGF ,右侧加入生理盐水 ;B组 ,左侧加入NGF +GM1 ,右侧加入NGF ;C组 ,左侧加入NGF +GM1 ,右侧加入GM1 。于术后 2 0周进行电生理及组织学观察。结果　A组左右侧神经传导速度差异无显著性 ;B、C两组左右侧间差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 )。且两组左侧再生神经有髓纤维数目、直径、髓鞘厚度、轴突直径均高于对侧 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ,但A组以上指标均无差异。光镜及电镜观察试验各组均有较明显的神经再生。结论　①NGF能够促进运动神经元再生 ,但这种能力有限 ;②GM1 能够介导NGF促进运动神经元再生 ,表现出良好的生物学效应。     

采用燃烧器+氧化催化器的柴油机微粒捕集器复合再生控制策略的研究

设计了一种车载全流式燃烧器,从增压柴油机的涡轮增压器取出新鲜空气,从回油管路取油供给燃烧;将该装置安装在排气管尾端使捕集器进行再生.在燃烧器和捕集器之间增加氧化催化器,实现了在发动机所有稳态工况下捕集器的复合再生.在排气背压的再生控制策略基础上,根据经验公式对背压值进行温度修正,将三维背压MAP简化为二维,提出"恒温定时"的复合再生控制策略,分析了控制策略在不同工况区域的运用,给出了再生过程分析实例.对既定的控制策略进行了实车试验,结果表明微粒排放达到了国Ⅳ标准.