Measurement of ocean temperatures using instruments carried by Antarctic fur seals

The study aimed to test the utility of instruments deployed on marine mammals for measuring physical oceanographic variation and, using this method, to examine temperature variation in the coastal waters around South Georgia. There was a significant correlation between temperature measurements made using a towed undulating oceanographic recorder (UOR) and concurrent measurements from time-depth recorders (TDRs) fitted to lactating Antarctic fur seals foraging from the coast of South Georgia. Congruence was found at horizontal spatial scales from 0.01°×0.01° to 0.5°×0.5° (degrees of latitude and longitude), and at a vertical scale of 10 m. However, there was no significant correlation between temperature measured by TDRs in the top 5 m and sea surface temperature (SST) measured by satellite remote sensing. TDR data provided information about temperature variation vertically through the water column, and through time. The UOR data were used to recalibrate the TDR data in order to correct for the slow response time of the TDR thermistor relative to the speed of seal movements through the water column. Seasonal temperature variation was apparent, and temperatures also varied between regions, and with bathymetry. These results were consistent with the current interpretation of the coastal oceanography around South Georgia. In particular, the relationship between on- and off-shelf waters showed larger amounts of warmer surface water in a region in which more run-off was to be expected. The study also showed that Antarctic fur seals concentrate their activity in regions of colder, and presumably oceanic, water. Such instrumented animals could provide near real time data for assimilation into ocean models.     

水深测量数据的组织管理与三维可视化

文章应用GIS理论思想,对水深测量数据格式进行深入分析,提出应用空间数据库来组织管理水深数据的新方法,给出了数据结构。在此基础上,对水深测量数据的应用价值进行深入挖掘,提出利用水深离散点数据进行水下地形建模,从而实现水深数据的三维可视化直观表达,并就此给出了地形建模过程和渲染步骤以及三维场景效果优化方法。     

影响T·CL型驼峰测速雷达测量精度的原因与对策

雷达在使用过程中由于自身原因、外界环境、安装不符合标准以及设计缺陷导致测速不准,找出其中原因并制定改进对策,提高了雷达的测速准确性。     

基于分布式光纤测温的离合器摩擦表面温度场测量

离合器在工作过程中的摩擦表面温升是离合器传递扭矩的直接影响因素，研究离合器温升情况对于改善离合器控制和优化离合器设计都有着重要意义。但摩擦片工作表面封闭，表面温度往往难以准确测量，为解决离合器温度高精度测量的问题，使用国际上发展迅速的最新型分布式光纤传感技术，在设计的干式离合器摩擦特性测试台架上进行了测量试验。试验结果表明：与传统的热电偶插入式测量相比，分布式光纤测温能够得到离合器摩擦接触面的温度沿半径方向上的温度分布，为离合器表面温度场分析提供数据支持；同时，光纤测温能够实现在离合器系统内的各个部件的温度测温。通过对不同半径、不同工况、不同部件的温度变化情况的测量结果分析，离合器摩擦接触面的温度分布与半径有关，通常呈现半径越大温升越显著的特点；在单次接合分离的过程中，离合器摩擦片的2个摩擦接触表面的温升情况并不相同，靠近飞轮盘一侧的温度变化速率比靠近压盘一侧的要快。     

非对称齿齿轮泵非对称齿轮公法线的测量

就非对称齿轮的测量问题进行探讨，特别是公法线长度测量进行详细研究，并推导出计算公式和跨齿数，以便于以后在生产上使用。     

Technical efficiency of automobiles – A nonparametric approach incorporating carbon dioxide emissions

We conduct an empirical analysis of the technical efficiency of cars sold 2010 in Germany. The analysis is performed using traditional data envelopment analysis (DEA) as well as directional distance functions (DDF). The approach of DDF allows incorporating the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions as an environmental goal in the efficiency analysis. A frontier separation approach is used to gain deeper insight for diesel and gasoline cars. Natural gas driven cars and sport utility vehicles are also treated as different groups. The results show that the efficiency measurement is statistically yet not economically significantly influenced by the incorporation of carbon dioxide emissions. Moreover, we find that natural gas driven cars are highly inefficient even if the reduction of emissions is accounted for in the analysis.     

浅谈公路工程施工单位的计量工作

公路工程计量是一项非常复杂而又繁琐的工作,贯穿公路工程建设的始终。文章针对公路工程计量工作中的常见问题,从加强各方对计量工作的重视程度、做好内业资料的管理工作、高度重视变更索赔工作三个方面,阐述了提高公路工程计量的相关建议。     

船舶吨位丈量技术问题研究

分析了历年来生效的吨位丈量规范或法规，比较了各个时期规范、法规的异同点，并结合实际案例，提出了进行吨位丈量时应注意的事项。同时，为了提高吨位丈量的准确性，对法规提出了若干合理化建议。     

拼接桥梁边坡桩施工方案

针对拼接桥梁边坡墩施工方案进行探讨,为保证通车安全提出相应的施工措施以及注意事项,可为相关理论研究和工程实践提供参考。     

疲劳损伤细观分析

对19Mn6合金钢疲劳试样进行了系列低周疲劳试验,采用光学金相方法观察了试样表面微裂纹的萌生和扩展规律,基于损伤局部性概念对疲劳部损伤规律提出了细观疲劳局部损伤参数Dw。Dw随施加的疲劳循环而呈指数增加,一直达到临界值1。损伤非线性因子m值较宏观测量方法所得结果明显降低。