压气条件下泥膜进气值测量试验研究

在压气条件下,进气是泥膜透气失效的起始点。为测量并研究泥膜在气压下的进气压力值（进气值）,通过自制的试验装置,在不同压气条件下对3种泥膜进行进气值测量试验。试验结果表明： 1)由闭气排水与固结排水的差值可以辨别泥膜是否进气,得到泥膜进气值; 2)采用泥膜特征孔径D90/2代入推导公式可近似计算泥膜进气值; 3)泥膜在不同压气条件下进气值不同,增压速率越低,泥膜进气值越大; 4)在较快和较慢的增压速率下存在进气值变化趋于稳定的现象,最大进气值为最小值的2倍以上。     

盾构法T接隧道结构受力现场试验研究——以宁波轨道交通3号线联络通道为例

为了了解盾构法T接隧道在施工过程中主隧道外部的荷载以及响应,以国内第一条使用机械法施工的联络通道--宁波轨道交通3号线为背景进行研究。本文通过研究施工过程中的施工工况节点,现场监测主隧道结构的外荷载、收敛变形并计算结构内力,得到在整个施工过程中主隧道的结构响应及其变化规律。通过本文的研究,可以得出以下结论： 1）施工过程可依据外部荷载和结构体系进行划分工况,各工况具有明显的不同响应; 2）始发端和接收端的内力变化主要受到盾构顶力和外部注浆荷载的影响,且主要影响切削侧,切削过程中的内力增量在10%～20%,注浆压力影响的增量部分达到了50%; 3）各环及内支撑轴力增量在200 kN以下,破洞位置导致的轴力损失可以由其余位置共同承担,不需要特殊的破洞阶段超载设计。     

You (expect to) get what you pay for: A system approach to delay, fare, and complaints

In this paper, an analytical framework integrating delay, fare, and complaints with passenger air travel has been laid out. Examining aggregate monthly data for US domestic air travel, we have identified causal relationships among fare, complaints, and levels of delay. An analytical framework is proposed that formalizes these relationships in an integrated manner. This integrated framework is then estimated in a set of simultaneous equations by using 118 months of data from January 1997 to October 2006. Results show that complaints are influenced by levels of delays. However, complaints are positively influenced by average yield. These findings lead us to support the central hypothesis that complaints are responsive to levels of delays, but they tend to vary according to fare. That is, air travelers are less likely to complain in return for lower fares, even when faced with the same or even higher levels of delays. These findings have important policy implications, including the passengers’ bill of rights and regulator’s choice between market and operational performances.     

Severity of injury resulting from pedestrian–vehicle crashes: What can we learn from examining the built environment?

This paper examines the impact of personal and environmental characteristics on severity of injuries sustained in pedestrian–vehicle crashes using a generalized ordered probit model. The data covers 2000–2004 of pedestrian–vehicle crashes taken from police incident reports for Baltimore City and supplemented with local land use, urban form and transportation information specific to the individual crash locations. The results on personal and behavioral variables confirm previous findings. Women pedestrians involved in crashes tend to be injured less frequently than their male counterparts; children have an increased likelihood of sustaining injuries and older persons are more likely to be fatally injured. Pedestrians who cross against the traffic signal, are not in a crosswalk and are involved in a crash after dark are associated with greater injury risk. Of the built environment policy variables of interest, transit access and greater pedestrian connectivity, such as central city areas, are significant and negatively associated with injury severity. These results suggest that the environmental conditions should be given more scrutiny and be an important consideration when evaluating and planning for pedestrian safety.     

浅埋暗挖地铁隧道施工监测方法

文章以重庆市地铁一号线大坪车站临时施工便道为例,对在浅埋、软岩条件下既有隧道拆除采用工字钢支顶、风镐破岩,新建隧道采用台阶法环形开挖预留核心土、人工非爆破开挖的施工方法,通过现场监控量测,得出最大地表沉降仅为3.82mm,表明采用合理的施工方法可以减少地表沉降。     

交通职业技术学院学生职业价值观问题研究

市场经济所带来的多元化择业观念,使毕业生集体主义观念和社会责任感观念淡化,从而在就业选择上趋向于功利化、自我化。文章针对当前交通职业技术学院学生职业价值观的这一变化,分析学生现实型职业价值观与传统型职业价值观之旬的冲突,提出了交通职业技术学校在职业价值观教育方面应采取的措施。     

交通技工学校学生厌学现象分析及对策研究

文章针对交通技工学校学生厌学现象,从社会、家庭、学校、学生自身等方面深入分析了学生厌学的原因,提出了解决厌学问题的对策与措施。     

土基模量对沥青路面性能影响分析

从沥青路面结构层施工质量控制、半刚性基层反射裂缝扩展、路面疲劳寿命三个方面分析了土基模量对半刚性基层沥青路面性能的影响规律,提出了沥青路面土基模量的合理设计和施工控制措施。     

板底压浆对水泥混凝土路面板脱空处治研究

根据广西桂柳高速公路管理处日常养护调查情况,选择柳州至王灵高速公路中三段脱空比较严重路段作为试验路段,采用板底压浆方式进行处治,从原材料质量、压浆材料配合比、施工工艺以及施工质量检测等多个环节加以控制。通过板底压浆效果评定指标可以得出,压浆前、后路面板的传荷系数由68.6%增大至80.3%,脱空率由42.6%减少至13.3%,压浆效果良好,对处治板底脱空具有很好的应用。     

埠阳庄大桥复杂地质条件下的桩基施工

埠阳庄大桥实际地质状况复杂,重点介绍该桥桩基施工中的相关准备工作以及对问题的分析和处理措施,为同类地质条件下梁桩基施工提供借鉴经验。