Estimation of value of travel time reliability

In mode choice decision, travelers consider not only travel time but also reliability of its modes. In this paper, reliability was expressed in terms of standard deviation and maximum delay that were measured based on triangular distribution. In order to estimate value of time and value of reliability, the Multinomial and Nested Logit models were used. The analysis results revealed that reliability is an important factor affecting mode choice decisions. Elasticity is used to estimate the impacts of the different policies and system improvements for water transportation mode. Among these policies, decision maker can assess and select the best alternative by doing the benefit and cost analysis based on a new market share, the value of time, and the value of reliability. Finally, a set of promising policies and system improvement of the water transportation were proposed.     

Ramp meters on trial: Evidence from the Twin Cities metering holiday

Ramp meters in the Twin Cities have been the subject of a recent test of their effectiveness, involving turning them off for eight weeks. This paper analyzes the results with and without ramp metering for several representative freeways during the afternoon peak period. Seven performance measures: mobility, equity, productivity, consumers’ surplus, accessibility, travel time variation and travel demand responses are compared. It is found that ramp meters are particularly helpful for long trips relative to short trips. Ramp metering, while generally beneficial to freeway segments, may not improve trip travel times (including ramp delays). The reduction in travel time variation comprises another benefit from ramp meters. Non-work trips and work trips respond differently to ramp meters. The results are mixed, suggesting a more refined ramp control algorithm, which explicitly considers ramp delay, is in order.     

嵌入式计算机系统中的故障注入技术

故障注入技术越来越广泛地运用于嵌入式系统容错能力的确认和验证中.介绍了几种常用的故障注入技术及其相关原理和特点,并且针对嵌入式系统中的几种常用故障注入工具,描述了它们的体系结构及属性.     

楼宇自备电站微机集控系统

结合具体的工程实例,阐述楼宇自备电站常规控制系统存在的主要问题,以及通过采用微机集控系统, 提高系统可靠性和稳定性的做法.     

尾气加热式水暖系统在城市客车上的应展

简述了城市客车尾气加热式水暖系统的特点、工作原理，提出在设计过程中的注意事项。     

一种采用改进半桥主电路的有源滤波器

在分析双电感半桥电路的基础上,提出了一种基于改进半桥拓扑结构的新型有源电力滤波器,它消除了传统有源滤波器拓扑的桥臂直通故障隐患,且具有可高频、高效率运行的优点。文章详细分析了其工作原理,给出了相应的控制策略。仿真和实验结果验证了这种新型有源滤波器的可行性。     

实时断轨检测技术发送系统设计

基于轨道电路原理的一送两受式实时断轨检测技术,以单片机为控制核心,设计了适应长大隧道的实时断轨检测发送系统.采用直接数字频率合成(DDS)技术合成了频率稳定度优于10-4的高精度正弦检测信号,使用自动增益控制(AGC)技术实现了发送端轨面电压的恒压控制.结果表明:设计的系统能够满足实时断轨检测技术对发送系统高精度、高稳定性的要求.     

工程平面控制网置平平差的方法研究

提出一种将秩亏自由网平差和三参数坐标转换相结合的平面控制网平差方法,其特点是在平差过程中控制网整体网形不因上级控制点点位的改变而变化。首先介绍秩亏自由网平差及其精度评定的原理,推导进行控制网三参数坐标转换及对置平后的控制网进行精度评定的数学模型。仿真计算结果证明了对传统边角控制网而言,置平平差较约束平差具有更强的抗原始数据误差的能力,是一种工程平面控制网平差的新方法。     

基于IMS架构的多媒体调度指挥系统

IMS(IP多媒体子系统)能够实现对固定接入和移动接入的统一控制,是下一代网络控制技术的核心。为此,介绍基于IMS架构的多媒体调度指挥系统的组成、结构、通信协议、系统功能及应用。     

城市轨道交通运营部门建立模拟法人管理体制的初步探讨

论述模拟法人的概念和体制优势,提出了城市轨道交通企业运营部门建立模拟法人管理体制“合理授权”与“战略管控”相结合的总体思路,详细阐述了“授权与明职”、“推行战略预算管控”、“开展关键绩效考评”的实施方法和操作流程,最后指出了保障实施的相关建议。